We herein report a case of nasal type T/natural killer(NK)-cell lymphoma(TNKCL). This lymphoma is characterized by the expression of CD2, CD43 and NCAM(CD56) antigen, an aggressive clinical course, frequent extranodal spreading, a strong association with Epstein-Barr virus(EBV), and the absence of T-cell receptor(TCR) gene rearrangement. NCAM antigen is known to be a possible determinant of extranodal dissemination of peripheral T-cell lymphoma(PTCL). The patient is a 70-year-old male with skin lesion on his forearm. Histopathological and immunohistochemical studies were diagnostic of EBV-associated TNKCL. Untill now, he has failed to respond to anticancer therapy.
Aged ; Forearm ; Gene Rearrangement ; Herpesvirus 4, Human ; Humans ; Lymphoma* ; Male ; Neural Cell Adhesion Molecules ; Skin ; T-Lymphocytes

We herein present a case of a 2-year-old girl with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma(NHL) of the lymphoblastic type involving cutaneous sites at the time of diagnosis. The histological finding was typical of lymphoblastic lymphoma. However, immunophenotypically, this lymphoma was not of the T-cell or B-cell type, although the vast majority of lymphoblastic lymphomas involving the skin are usually of the pre-B cell or T-ce11 type. Until now, there have been few reports of non-T, non-B primary cutaneous lymphoblastic lymphoma expressing surface CD10 and CD56 antigens as in this case.
Antigens, CD56 ; B-Lymphocytes ; Child, Preschool ; Diagnosis ; Female ; Humans ; Lymphoma ; Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma* ; Precursor Cells, B-Lymphoid ; Skin ; T-Lymphocytes

We herein report a case of secondary cutaneous diffuse large B-cell lymphoma(DLBCL) occurring in a 66-year-old woman. The skin lesions were erythematous infiltrative nodules on the right inguinal area. Histologically, the skin lesion disclosed DLBCL mainly composed of immunoblasts. Concurrently, she showed lymph node involvement. Initially, however, we could not define the conclusive temporal sequences between nodal lesions and skin lesions. Finally, additional further studies revealed this case as secondary cutaneous 8-cell lymphoma, and she was managed with systemic chemotherapy.
Aged ; B-Lymphocytes* ; Drug Therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Lymph Nodes ; Lymphoma ; Lymphoma, B-Cell* ; Skin

Peripheral T-cel1 lymphoma(PTCL) encompasses histopathologically and clinically various spectra of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma(CTCL). In this report, we describe two cases of PTCL showing diRerent clinical courses according to EBV(Epstein-Barr virus) positivity. The chnical course of case 1 with EBV-associated PTCL was rapidby fatal and refractory to intensive chcmotherapy. However, in case 2, EBV genomes were not found in her lesional tissues and she showed an indolent clinical course withoaat systemic symptoms. Accordingly, serological and immunohistochemical investigations for EBV might be mandatory in cutaneous PTCL to evaluate clinical prognosis.
Genome ; Herpesvirus 4, Human* ; Immunoblastic Lymphadenopathy* ; Lymphoma* ; Lymphoma, T-Cell, Peripheral ; Prognosis ; T-Lymphocytes

A clinical observation was made on 48 hypospadias of the in-patients in the Department of Urology, Yonsei University Hospital during the period Jan. 1966 through Dec. 1975 and the following results were obtained. 1) Of 48 hypospadias, 29 cases(60.2%) were admitted at the age of 7 or below and 19 cases(39.8%) at the ages of 8 years or more. 2) Of 48 hypospadias, 29 cases(79.2%) were peno-scrotal, 8 cases(16.6%) penile and 2 cases(4.2%) were perineal in type. 3) Cryptorchism was the most common associated anomaly and it occupied 23.3% of 30 associated anomalies. 4) Of 33 urethroplasties, 12 cases(63.1%) were succeed by Thiersch-Duplay method and 12 cases(85.7%) were succeed by Ikoma's method.
Cryptorchidism ; Female ; Hypospadias* ; Male ; Urology

BACKGROUND: Traditionally, herpes zoster (HZ) has been known to be a recrudescence of a latent viral infection of sensory ganglia, with the spread of the virus along sensory nerves and a dermatomal cutaneous eruption. However, clinically detectable muscular wenkness often occurs in patients with HZ. Accordingly, segmental or non-segmental motor neuron involvement by HZ may occur in addition to the involvement of sensory ganglion. OBJECTIVE: This study was conducted to estimate the frequency of motor neuron involvement in patients with HZ in Korea. METHODS: Fifty six subjects with HZ were enrolled in this study which used a conventional needle EMG (electromyography) and motor nerve conduction velocity test. Studies were conducted a minimum of 2 weeks after the onset of the rash. EMG was performed on the ipsilateral paravertebral muscles at the dermatomial levels of the eruption and controlateral sides. RESULTS: 1. One or more abnormal EMG findings(fibrillation potential, positive waves, bursts of high frequency discharge, polyphasia, fasciculation) were found in 51.8% of HZ patients. 2. Among the subjects with motor involvement, thoracic dermatome was most frequently involved (58.6%). 3. Ipsilateral motor involvement was more common(72.5%) than controlateral involvement(27.5%) among the patients with abnormal EMG findings. 55.2% of patients showed non-segmental motor involvement and that the altered EMG findings were not confined to the segment invaded by the eruption. 4, There was no association between the presence of postherpetic neuralgia or severity of pain or initial allodynia and EMG changes. CONCLUSION: Segmental or non-segmental motor neuron involvement by HZ may not be uncommon in Korea. HZ seems to cause widespread motor nerve changes, albeit usually subclinical alterations in the motor system, easily identifiable on EMG.
Exanthema ; Ganglia, Sensory ; Herpes Zoster* ; Humans ; Hyperalgesia ; Korea ; Motor Neurons* ; Muscles ; Needles ; Neural Conduction ; Neuralgia, Postherpetic ; Recurrence

We herein present a rare case of a 42-year-old man with primary cutaneous marginal zone lymphoma(MZL) of the B-cell type on his shin. MZL is known to be the cutaneous counterpart of MALT(mucosa-associated lymphatic tissue) lymphoma. Histopathologically, MZL is characterized by multi-nodular infiltrates of centrocyte-like and centroblast-like marginal cells with bottom-heavy patterns, lymphoplasmacytoid differentiation, typical distribution of tumor cells in the marginal zone and follicular colonization by tumor cells. This B-cell lymphoma of a benign grade should be differentiated from mantle cell lymphoma and follicular center cell lymphoma.
Adult ; B-Lymphocytes ; Colon ; Humans ; Lymphoma ; Lymphoma, B-Cell ; Lymphoma, B-Cell, Marginal Zone* ; Lymphoma, Mantle-Cell

The study was conducted to compare the effects of different agro-wastes on the growth, yield, and nutritional composition of oyster mushrooms Pleurotus ostreatus (PO) and Pleurotus cystidiosus (PC). Seven substrate formulas including sawdust (SD), corncob (CC), sugarcane bagasse (SB) alone and in combination of 80 : 20, 50 : 50 ratio between SD and CC, SD and SB were investigated. The results indicated that different substrate formulas gave a significant difference in total colonization period, characteristics of fruiting bodies, yield, biological efficiency (BE), nutritional composition and mineral contents of two oyster mushrooms PO and PC. The results showed that increasing CC and SB reduced C/N ratio, and enhanced some mineral contents (Ca, P, and Mg) of substrate formulas. The increased amount of CC and SB of substrate formulas enhanced protein, ash, mineral contents (Ca, K, Mg, Mn, and Zn) of fruiting bodies of both mushrooms. Substrates with 100% CC and 100% SB were the most suitable substrate formulas for cultivation of oyster mushrooms PO and PC in which they gave the highest values of cap diameter, stipe thickness, mushroom weight, yield, BE, protein, fiber, ash, mineral content (Ca, K, and Mg) and short stipe length. However, substrate formula 100% CC gave the slowest time for the first harvest of both mushrooms PO and PC (46.02 days and 64.24 days, respectively). It is also found that the C/N ratio of substrate formulas has close correlation with total colonization period, mushroom weight, yield, BE and protein content of mushroom PO and PC.
Agaricales ; Colon ; Fruit ; Ostreidae* ; Pleurotus* ; Saccharum

BACKGROUND: ADA is an enzyme found in most cells, and is involved in purine metabolism, but its chief role concerns the proliferation and differentiation of lymphocytes, especially T-lymphocytes. For that reason ADA has been looked on as a marker of cell-mediate immunity, which is th key mechanism of the tuberculous pleural effusion. Thus, the pleural fluid ADA activity is increased in the tuberculous pleural effusion.Age associated immune deline is characterized by decreases in both B and T-lymphocyte function and the former may be largely a result of the latter. Therefore, the epleural fluid ADA activity would be lower in old rather than in young, patients with tuberculous pleural effusion. We studied the relationship between age, and pleural fluid ADA activity, in patients with tuberculous pleural effusion. METHODS: In the 46 patients with tuberculous pleural effusion enroll in this study, the pleural fluid ADA activities were measured by means of an automated kinetic method. RESULTS: The mean age of the patients was 53.0+/-22.0 years, with a male to female ratio of 30 : 16. The patients were divided into two groups, young patients, regarded as <65 and old regarded as >or=65 years with 28 and 18 patients, respectively. The pleural fluid ADA activity in both groups show significant differences : 99.4+/- 22.6 IU/L(young patients) Vs. 75.8+/-30.9 IU/L(old patients)(p<0.05), but a negative correlation with age (r=-0.311, p<0.05). CONCLUSION: Although pleural fluid ADA activity was not adequately increase, tuberculous pleural effusion, in older patients, would have to be considered clinically suspicious tuberculous pleural effusion.
Adenosine Deaminase* ; Adenosine* ; Female ; Humans ; Lymphocytes ; Male ; Metabolism ; Pleural Effusion* ; T-Lymphocytes

BACKGROUND: ADA is an enzyme found in most cells, and is involved in purine metabolism, but its chief role concerns the proliferation and differentiation of lymphocytes, especially T-lymphocytes. For that reason ADA has been looked on as a marker of cell-mediate immunity, which is th key mechanism of the tuberculous pleural effusion. Thus, the pleural fluid ADA activity is increased in the tuberculous pleural effusion.Age associated immune deline is characterized by decreases in both B and T-lymphocyte function and the former may be largely a result of the latter. Therefore, the epleural fluid ADA activity would be lower in old rather than in young, patients with tuberculous pleural effusion. We studied the relationship between age, and pleural fluid ADA activity, in patients with tuberculous pleural effusion. METHODS: In the 46 patients with tuberculous pleural effusion enroll in this study, the pleural fluid ADA activities were measured by means of an automated kinetic method. RESULTS: The mean age of the patients was 53.0+/-22.0 years, with a male to female ratio of 30 : 16. The patients were divided into two groups, young patients, regarded as <65 and old regarded as >or=65 years with 28 and 18 patients, respectively. The pleural fluid ADA activity in both groups show significant differences : 99.4+/- 22.6 IU/L(young patients) Vs. 75.8+/-30.9 IU/L(old patients)(p<0.05), but a negative correlation with age (r=-0.311, p<0.05). CONCLUSION: Although pleural fluid ADA activity was not adequately increase, tuberculous pleural effusion, in older patients, would have to be considered clinically suspicious tuberculous pleural effusion.
Adenosine Deaminase* ; Adenosine* ; Female ; Humans ; Lymphocytes ; Male ; Metabolism ; Pleural Effusion* ; T-Lymphocytes