No abstract available.
Congenital Hypothyroidism* ; Thyroid Dysgenesis*

We have experienced a patient (4-year-old female) with a granular cell tumor (GCT), Examination of patients skin showed a bean sized asymtomatic firm nodule on the left baek. Exciaional biopsy and histopathologic examination were perforrned under the impression of angiolipoma. The specirnen revealed a distinctive picture of GCT.
Angiolipoma ; Biopsy ; Granular Cell Tumor* ; Humans ; Skin

BACKGROUND: Recent clinical isolates of bacteria often produce various beta-lactamases, for example, extended spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) by some species of Enterobacteriaceae, TEM beta-lactamase by Haemophilus influenzae, and penicillinase by methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA). Cefminox, a commonly used cephamycin, is stable to various beta-lactamases, but its activity against recent clinical isolates has not been evaluated. The aim of this study was to determine the activities of cefminox against recent clinical isolates of Enterobacteriaceae, H. influenzae, and MSSA. METHODS: The organisms, isolated from Severance Hospital patients during 1997 to 1998, were kept frozen until the test. Antimicrobial susceptibility was determined by the NCCLS agar dilution method. RESULTS: All 30 isolates of Escherichia coli and 90% of 30 Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates were susceptible to cefminox, cefotetan and amikacin. All of the Enterobacter cloacae and Serratia marcescens, and 86% of Citrobacter freundii isolates were susceptible to amikacin. All of the 15 isolates each of Proteus mirabilis, P. vulgaris and Morganella morganii were susceptible to cefminox, cefotetan, cefotaxime, ceftazidime, and aztreonam, while all of the Providencia spp. were susceptible to ceftazidime and aztreonam. All of the 29 H. influenzae isolates were susceptible to cefminox, cefotaxime, and levofloxacin, while all MSSA isolates were susceptible to cefoxitin and cotrimoxazole. CONCLUSION: Cefminox is more active than the other beta-lactams against Enterobacteriaceae including, ESBL- producing E. coli, and K. pneumoniae.
Agar ; Amikacin ; Aztreonam ; Bacteria ; beta-Lactamases ; beta-Lactams ; Cefotaxime ; Cefotetan ; Cefoxitin ; Ceftazidime ; Citrobacter freundii ; Enterobacter cloacae ; Enterobacteriaceae* ; Escherichia coli ; Haemophilus influenzae* ; Haemophilus* ; Humans ; Influenza, Human ; Klebsiella pneumoniae ; Levofloxacin ; Morganella morganii ; Penicillinase ; Pneumonia ; Proteus mirabilis ; Providencia ; Serratia marcescens ; Staphylococcus aureus* ; Staphylococcus* ; Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination

No abstract available.
Adenocarcinoma* ; Carcinoma* ; Female ; Ovary* ; Teratoma*

This paper describes a case of intrapericardial teratoma in a 20-day-old female meonate, who suffered from cyanosis and respiratory difficulty. She was evaluated by echocardiography, chest CT and MRI, the suspected cyanosis and respiratory difficulty. She was evaluated by echocardiography, chest CT and MRI, the suspected intrapericardial mass was identified and surgically removed. The postopervative diagnosis was intrapericardial teratoma, grade II. This case is reported with brief review of some related literature.
Cyanosis ; Diagnosis ; Echocardiography ; Female ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Teratoma* ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Antimicrobial resistance patterns of 913 clinical isolates of Bacteroides fragilis group organisms were monitored during an 8-year period in Korea. In general the resistance rates of the non-fragilis B. fragilis group species were higher than those of B. fragilis for all the drugs tested. The rate of resistance to clindamycin remarkably increased and those to some beta-lactam drugs such as piperacillin and cefotaxime also increased. No isolates were found to be resistant to imipenem, metronidazole, or chloramphenicol. beta-lactam and beta-lactamase inhibitor combinations and cefoxitin were more active than the other beta-lactams. Therefore, these agents may be considered when empirical selection of antimicrobial agents is required to treat severe anaerobic infections.
Bacteroides fragilis/physiology* ; Drug Resistance, Microbial/physiology* ; Human ; Korea ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests

No abstract available.
Kidney Transplantation*

The purpose of this study was to determine the meaning of the pain and experiences of elderly women with osteoarthritis, by adopting Colaizzi's phenomenological method. The participants were 7 elderly women over the age of 65. They were selected using a theoretical sampling technique. The Data was collected by in-depth and open-ended interviews from Dec. 1. 1999. to Feb, 28. 2000. The length of the interviews varied from 120 minutes to 180 minutes. Data was recorded and analyzed by a constant comparative method. From the data, significant statements were extracted and then organized into 48 themes, which resulted in 15 clusters of themes and 6 categories. The final descriptions turned out to be valid through the interviewee' validation process. Essential themes of the pain experiences emerged : "physical discomfortness(disturbances)", "negative state of mind", "influence of the death", "positive change in life", "Cause of pain perceived", and "change of their personal relationships". From these results, it was found that elderly women need nursing care based on a deep understanding of pain, and a reflection on their past is imperative to overcome their given situations. In conclusion, it is suggested that the care givers provide more support to solve the problems experienced by the elderly. Thus the researchers expect to provide understanding of older people and give basic data of holistic care for them.
Aged* ; Arthritis ; Caregivers ; Female ; Humans ; Nursing Care ; Osteoarthritis*

BACKGROUND: beta-lactam antibiotics are one of the most frequently used antimicrobial agents. However, with the increase of beta-lactamase-producing bacteria, penicillins arid 1 st generation cephalosporins have become less useful. Cefatrizine and clavulanic acid combination (CTCA) was developed to restore the activity. The aim of this study was to determine the activities of CTCA against major recent clinical isolates. METHODS: Aerobic and anaerobic bacteria tested were isolated from clinical specimens in Severance Hospital during 1996 to 1999. Antimicrobial susceptibility was determined by the NCCLS agar dilution methods. RESULTS: MICs of cefatrizine (CT) and CTCA were similar for methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes and S. pneumoniae. For Moraxella (Branhamella) catarrhalis, MIC90 CTCA was 1 microgram/mL, which was 1/8-fold lower than that of cefatrizine. MIC90S of CTCA for Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae were 4 microgram/mL and 8 microgram/mL, respectively, which were 1/4- to 1/16-fold lower than those of CT. However, it was less active against Citrobacter freundii, Enterobacter cloacae and Serratia marcescens. Against Bacteroides fragilis group organisms, it showed good activities similar to those of other beta-lactam and beta-lactamase inhibitor combinations. CONCLUSIONS: CTCA showed good antimicrobial activities against M. (B.) catarrhalis, Haemophilus influenzae, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, extended spectrum beta-lactamase-producing E. coli and K. pneumoniae, Proteus vulgaris and B. fragilis. In conclusion, it would be useful for the treatment of infections due to those organisms, and for the empirical treatment of respiratory and urinary tract infections.
Agar ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Anti-Infective Agents ; Bacteria* ; Bacteria, Anaerobic ; Bacteroides fragilis ; beta-Lactamases ; Cefatrizine ; Cephalosporins ; Citrobacter freundii ; Clavulanic Acid ; Enterobacter cloacae ; Escherichia coli ; Haemophilus influenzae ; Klebsiella pneumoniae ; Moraxella (Branhamella) catarrhalis ; Neisseria gonorrhoeae ; Penicillins ; Pneumonia ; Proteus vulgaris ; Serratia marcescens ; Staphylococcus aureus ; Streptococcus pyogenes ; Urinary Tract Infections

The arterial and venous differences of thiopental. pharmacokinetics and its impact on the onset of pharmacologic effect were examined in 6 male surgical patients with normal renal and hepatic functions during short time period of 6hrs post-intravenous bolus injection over 5 second(5 mg/kg). Arterial and venous blood samples were withdrawn from radial artery and subclavian vein, respectively at the time of right before and after injection(0), 5, 10, 20, 30, 45 (sec), l, 2, 5, 10, 30(min), 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6(hrs). Serum concentrations of thiopental were determined by reverse-phase, high performance liquid chromatography and the clinical endpoint of anesthesia induction were interpreted as the time of loss of consciousness by observing spontaneous closing of eyes and loss of eyelash reflex. As the results, significant differences between arterial and venous concentrations were noted during early phase lasting up to 10 minutes. Arterial data was best fitted to tri-exponential decay model. In analysing pharmacokinetic parameters with serum data of 6 hrs duration, there were no significant differences in AUCo-(area under curve), AUCO-t, and clearance(P <0.05), but significant difference in peak concentrations(arterial: 103.97+/-12.15, venons:17.487+/-5.206ug/ml), and times to peak(arterial: 0.67+/-0.037, venous: 1.653+/-0.712min), AUMC O-t, MRT (mean residence time), apparent T 1/2(terminal half-life) and apparent Vdss(steady-state volume of distribution). Spontaneous eye closures were observed within 20 seconds(10-20sec) after the end of injection where arterial concentrations were at peak(n=3) or right after peak(n=3) and otherwise, venous concentrations were at low or even almost at zero(n=3), reflecting the fact that arterial eoncentrations are directly correlated to the clinical efficacy and more important in pharmaco-kinetic and dynamic aspect of drug.
Anesthesia ; Anesthesia, Intravenous* ; Chromatography, Liquid ; Humans ; Male ; Pharmacokinetics* ; Radial Artery ; Reflex ; Subclavian Vein ; Thiopental* ; Unconsciousness