No abstract available.
Ureter*

Hemostasis and clear operative field is obtained by local infiltration of local anesthetic mixed with epinephrine. Small amount of diluted solution is usually used to decrease incidence of arrhythmia which can be induced by myocardium sensitizing anesthetics. We experienced a case of cardiac arrest during anesthesia with halothane due to the inadvertent use of a large dose of epinephrine to achieve hemostasis, the patient was resuscitated after 2 hours of CPR.
Anesthesia ; Anesthetics ; Arrhythmias, Cardiac ; Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation ; Epinephrine* ; Halothane ; Heart Arrest* ; Hemostasis ; Humans ; Incidence ; Myocardium

PURPOSE: This study attempted to investigate the frequency, duration, and risk factors of antibiotic-associated diarrhea (AAD) in infants hospitalized due to febrile urinary tract infection (UTI). This is a basic research on the probiotics used in the prevention and treatment of AAD in infants. METHODS: Medical records of the infants aged 3-6 months hospitalized in Gachon University Gil Hospital from January 2008 to September 2010 due to the febrile UTI were retrospectively reviewed. The episodes of loose or watery stool were investigated for frequency, onset, and duration. Those who had AAD and those who did not (non-AAD) were compared. The antibiotic regimens and the episodes of diarrhea were investigated in AAD group. RESULTS: Total 147 infants were included. Fifty-four (36.7%) showed AAD. Intravenous third-generation cephalosporin (3rd CS) single therapy was used for 102 patients (69.4%), the 3rd CS and non-3rd CS combination therapy for 24 (16.3%), and non-3rd CS combination therapy for 21 (14.3%). There was no significant difference in the dose of cefotaxime between AAD and non-AAD group (P=0.601). According to the antibiotic therapies above, in AAD group, there was no significant difference in the onset and duration of diarrhea respectively (P=0.717, P=0.830). Although the frequency of diarrhea was higher for the 3rd CS and non-3rd CS combination therapy subgroup with 9.25+/-5.30 times/day than the other two subgroups (7.58+/-2.97 times/day in 3rd CS single therapy subgroup, 6.75+/-4.40 times/day in non-3rd CS combination therapy subgroup), there was no statistical significance (P=0.078). CONCLUSION: AAD seems common to the infants aged 3-6 months with febrile UTI, regardless of regimen and amount of antibiotics in usual dosage. Further research on the effects of probiotics used in the prevention and treatment of AAD in infants is warranted.
Aged ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Cefotaxime ; Child ; Diarrhea ; Humans ; Infant ; Medical Records ; Probiotics ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; Urinary Tract ; Urinary Tract Infections

In our hospital we studied the effects of spinal anesthesia with 0.5% isobarie bupivacaine and hyperbaric T-caine in 60 patients undergoing operation of lower abdomen or lower limbs. The following results were obtained. 1) Maximum level of sensory loss were similar in both groups, the time taken to it was significantly faster in the T-caine group but the duration was significantly longer in the bupivacaine group. 2) Onset time of motor blockade was significantly faster in the T-caine group but the duration was significantly longer in the bupivacaine. 3) The fall in blood pressure appeared faster in the T-caine group but no significant value of difference between the two groups. No significant changes were noted in the pulse rates. 4) Post spinal headache developed in 5 patients out of 60 patients (8.3%). With the results, we can assume that 0.5% isobaric bupivacaine is a good local anesthetic agent for spinal anesthesia in operations of the lower abdomen and lower limbs.
Abdomen ; Anesthesia, Spinal* ; Anesthetics ; Blood Pressure ; Bupivacaine* ; Headache ; Heart Rate ; Humans ; Lower Extremity

In our department we selected 52 patients in ASA Class I, aged from 20 to 60 years old undergoing operation of lower limbs and lower abdomen, lasting 1 to 2 hours of duration. They were divided into 2 groups, group A (30 patients) using 0.5% hyperbaric Tcaine 13 mg (2.6 ml), group B (22 patiens) using 0.25% hyperbaric bupivacaine 10 mg (4 ml), which were injected into intrathecal space. Sensory loss level was significantly higher in group A than in group B. The time taken for the block to reach maximum level was significantly faster in group B. Analgesic duration was significantly shorter in group B. In group B, onset of motor blockade was significantly slower and also, the total duration was significantly shorter. In group A, significant decrease of diastolic and systolic blood presssure were noted. Hyperbaric 0.25% bupivacaine can be used for short timed operation of lower limbs and lower abdomen without changes of cardiovascular system.
Abdomen ; Anesthesia, Spinal* ; Anesthetics ; Bupivacaine* ; Cardiovascular System ; Humans ; Lower Extremity ; Middle Aged

Authors selected 54 patients in ASA class I, II, aged from 20 to 60 years old undergoiag operations of lower limbs and lower abdomen. In the different dosage of 0.25% hyperbaric bupivacaine, these were divided into 3 groups ; group A(22 patients) using l0 mg(4 ml), group B(17 patients) using 15 mg(6 ml), group C(15 patients) using 20 mg(8ml), which were injected into subarachnoid space. The following results were obtained. I) Maimum level of sensory loss was significantly increased with increase dosage, and the time of onset was significantly faster with decrease dosage. 2) Duratioan of sensory loss was significantly longer with increase dosage. 3) Onset time of motor block was signficantly faster in the group C of Bromages scale degree l, Duration of motor block was signficantly longer with increase dosage. 4) Systolic and diastolic blood pressure were little decreased with increase dosage. No signficant changes were noted in the pulse rate. 5) Post spinal headache developed in 5 patients out of 54 patients(9.3%). In the study of the group C, urinary retention developed in 4 patients out of 15 patients. From above results, we conclude that 0.25% hyperbaric bupivacaine can be used for operations lasting than 1~2 hours of lower limbs and lower abdomen because cardiovascular system is little affected with increase dosage.
Abdomen ; Anesthesia, Spinal* ; Blood Pressure ; Bupivacaine* ; Cardiovascular System ; Headache ; Heart Rate ; Humans ; Lower Extremity ; Middle Aged ; Subarachnoid Space ; Urinary Retention

It is a well known that cardiac arrest can occur during general anesthesia. We had experienced of a cardiac arrest during anesthsia in a child with halothane just after the use of a thiopental sodium and vecuronium bromide. When the cardiac asystole was noted by E.C.G., immediate treatment was performed. In this case, We think that Cardiac arrest being related to several factors, anxiety about operation, rough sugical maniplation, light anesthesia and drugs.
Anesthesia* ; Anesthesia, General ; Anxiety ; Child ; Halothane ; Heart Arrest* ; Humans ; Thiopental ; Vecuronium Bromide

No abstract available.
Humans ; Rehabilitation* ; Renal Dialysis*

No abstract available.
Glioma* ; Immunohistochemistry ; Receptors, Transferrin* ; Transferrin*

Periodontal regeneration therapy with bone-substituting materials has gained favorable clinical efficacy by enhancing osseous regeneration in periodontal bony defect. As bone- substituting materials, bone powder, calcium phosphate ceramic, modified forms of hydroxyapatite, and hard tissue replacement polymer have demonstrated their periodontal bony regenerative potency. Bone-substituting materials should fulfill several requirements such as biocompatibility, osteogenecity, malleability, biodegradability. The purpose of this study was to investigate biocompatibility, osteo-conduction capacity and biodegradability of Na2O, K2O added calcium metaphosphate(CMP). Beta CMP was obtained by thermal treatment of anhydrous Ca2(H2PO4)2. Na2O and K2O were added to CMP. The change of weight of pure CMP, Na2O-CMP, and K2O-CMP in Tris-buffer solution and simulated body fluid for 30 days was measured. Twenty four Newzealand white rabbits were used in negative control, positive control(Bio-Oss), pure CMP group, 5% Na2-CMP group, 10% Na2O-CMP goup, and 5% K2O-CMP group. In each group, graft materials were placed in right and left parietal bone defects(diameter 10mm) of rabbit. The animals were sacrificed at 3 months and 6 months after implantation of the graft materials. Degree of biodegradability of K2O or Na2O added CMP was greater than that of pure CMP in experimental condition. All experimental sites were healed with no clinical evidence of inflammatory response to all CMP implants. Histologic observations revealed that all CMP grafts were very biocompatible and osseous conductive, and that in K2O-CMP or Na2O-CMP implanted sites, there was biodegradable pattern, and that in site of new bone formation, there was no significant difference between all CMP group and DPBB(Bio-Oss) group. From this result, it was suggested that all experimental CMP group graft materials were able to use as an available bone substitution.
Animals ; Body Fluids ; Bone Regeneration* ; Calcium* ; Ceramics ; Durapatite ; Osteogenesis ; Parietal Bone ; Polymers ; Rabbits ; Regeneration ; Transplants*