Fourtyone patients fo gallbladder and bile duct diseases were studied clinically and sonographically.Tweentynine (Seventyone percent) patients were distributed between age fourty to fiftynine and male to femaleratio was 1:1.4. The order of frequency of biliary tract disease was cholelithiasis, acalculous cholecystitis, CBDstone and CBD cancer. Sonographic findings of cholelithiasis were strong echo with posterior shadowing, faintinternal echoes without shadowing, gallbladder wall thickneing and anechoicity of the gallbladder wall. Instead ofsmall proportion of gallbladder distension and wall anechoicity, faint internal echoes without shadowing were seenin ten of nineteen cases of cholelithiasis. On choledocholithiasis, meniscus sign at the junction of the stone andgallbladder wall was identified in most cases and was helpful to differentiation stone from malignancy. The degreeof CBD dilatation was more severe in malignancy than in CBD stones and ascaris in CBD. Sonographic examination wasuseful in detection of gallbladder and bilicary tree pathology and the cause of biliary tract obstruction could beidentified.
Acalculous Cholecystitis ; Ascaris ; Bile Duct Diseases ; Biliary Tract Diseases ; Biliary Tract ; Choledocholithiasis ; Cholelithiasis ; Dilatation ; Gallbladder ; Humans ; Male ; Pathology ; Shadowing (Histology) ; Trees ; Ultrasonography

Chilblain lupus erythematosus(CLE) is a chronic unremitting from of LE seen predomin antly in women, The chilblain lesion occurs commonly on the digits, calves and heels. Chronic facial discoid LE usually appears before the chilblain form. A 23-year-old female had relatively well defined, erythematous discoid plaques on her both cheeks and scattered erythema multiforme-like ring lesions on her right hand and right wrist. There were also chilblain lesions showing multiple, purple colored macules on her knees, lower legs and periungual areas of fingers and toes. The skin lesions developed at November, 1982 and then the skin lesions remitted during the next summer. The skin lesions recurred at December, 1983.
Cheek ; Chilblains* ; Erythema ; Female ; Fingers ; Hand ; Heel ; Humans ; Knee ; Leg ; Skin ; Toes ; Wrist ; Young Adult

BACKGROUND: Isoflurane or propofol has been known to have a low potential for hepatotoxicity. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of isoflurane or propofol on hepatic transaminase in healthy hepatitis B carrier patients. METHODS: Forty-six patients who were healthy hepatitis B carriers were studied following an orthopedic surgery. The patients were randomly assigned to Group I (n = 22) who received isoflurane, or group P (n = 24) who received propofol. The plasma concentrations of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) were measured on the day before the operation, and 1, 3, and 7 days after the operation. RESULTS: The plasma concentrations of AST were not changed significantly until the 7th day post-operatively in both groups, and there were no significant differences between the two groups. The plasma concentrations of ALT were significantly decreased at 1 and 3 days postoperatively (P < 0.05) in both groups. However, it recovered to baseline concentrations at 7 days postoperatively. There were no significant differences between the two groups. CONCLSIONS: The use of isoflurane or propofol does not increase the plasma concentrations of hepatic transaminase in Hepatitis B carrier patients after an operation.
Alanine Transaminase ; Aspartate Aminotransferases ; Hepatitis B* ; Hepatitis* ; Humans ; Isoflurane* ; Orthopedics ; Plasma ; Propofol*

The incidence of tuberculoma of the brain in different countries varies reatly. They form a high percentage of intracrnial lesions dealt with in countries of Asia, Eastern Europe, Italy, Spain and South America. The recent introduction of the potent antituberculosis remedies, far from diminishing the incidence of tuberculoma of the brain, is more likely to increase it. This case was a 18 year old male who had increased intracranial pressure signs and characteristic signs which was suggestive lesion in posterior fossa. Conray ventriculography revealed nearly total obstruction of distal portion of aqueduct of Sylvius with displacement to the right side. Intensive antituberclous treatment then was started after removal of tuberculoma in cerebellar vermis and then discharged with fully recovery. References were reviewed as will.
Adolescent ; Asia ; Brain ; Cerebral Aqueduct ; Europe, Eastern ; Humans ; Incidence ; Intracranial Pressure ; Italy ; Male ; South America ; Spain ; Tuberculoma*

The incidence of tuberculoma of the brain in different countries varies reatly. They form a high percentage of intracrnial lesions dealt with in countries of Asia, Eastern Europe, Italy, Spain and South America. The recent introduction of the potent antituberculosis remedies, far from diminishing the incidence of tuberculoma of the brain, is more likely to increase it. This case was a 18 year old male who had increased intracranial pressure signs and characteristic signs which was suggestive lesion in posterior fossa. Conray ventriculography revealed nearly total obstruction of distal portion of aqueduct of Sylvius with displacement to the right side. Intensive antituberclous treatment then was started after removal of tuberculoma in cerebellar vermis and then discharged with fully recovery. References were reviewed as will.
Adolescent ; Asia ; Brain ; Cerebral Aqueduct ; Europe, Eastern ; Humans ; Incidence ; Intracranial Pressure ; Italy ; Male ; South America ; Spain ; Tuberculoma*

No abstract available.
Chordoma

No abstract available.
Gene Ontology* ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms*

Nocardia pseudobrasiliensis is predominantly associated with invasive infections in immunocompromised patients. We report a case of disseminated mycetoma caused by N. pseudobrasiliensis in a 57-yr-old woman with microscopic polyangiitis, who was treated for 3 months with corticosteroids. The same organism was isolated from mycetoma cultures on the patient's scalp, right arm, and right leg. The phenotypic characteristics of the isolate were consistent with both Nocardia brasiliensis and N. pseudobrasiliensis, i.e., catalase and urease positivity, hydrolysis of esculin, gelatin, casein, hypoxanthine, and tyrosine, but no hydrolysis of xanthine. The isolate was identified as N. pseudobrasiliensis based on 16S rRNA and hsp65 gene sequencing. The patient was treated for 5 days with intravenous ampicillin/sulbactam, at which time both the mycetomas and fever had subsided and discharged on amoxicillin/clavulanate. This case highlights a very rare presentation of mainly cutaneous mycetoma caused by N. pseudobrasiliensis. This is the first reported case of N. pseudobrasiliensis infection in Korea.
Adrenal Cortex Hormones/*therapeutic use ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Bacterial Proteins/chemistry/genetics ; Female ; Humans ; Microscopic Polyangiitis/complications/*drug therapy ; Middle Aged ; Mycetoma/complications/*diagnosis/microbiology ; Nocardia/genetics/*isolation & purification ; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S/chemistry/genetics ; Republic of Korea ; Scalp/microbiology/pathology ; Sequence Analysis, DNA ; Skin/microbiology

Nocardia pseudobrasiliensis is predominantly associated with invasive infections in immunocompromised patients. We report a case of disseminated mycetoma caused by N. pseudobrasiliensis in a 57-yr-old woman with microscopic polyangiitis, who was treated for 3 months with corticosteroids. The same organism was isolated from mycetoma cultures on the patient's scalp, right arm, and right leg. The phenotypic characteristics of the isolate were consistent with both Nocardia brasiliensis and N. pseudobrasiliensis, i.e., catalase and urease positivity, hydrolysis of esculin, gelatin, casein, hypoxanthine, and tyrosine, but no hydrolysis of xanthine. The isolate was identified as N. pseudobrasiliensis based on 16S rRNA and hsp65 gene sequencing. The patient was treated for 5 days with intravenous ampicillin/sulbactam, at which time both the mycetomas and fever had subsided and discharged on amoxicillin/clavulanate. This case highlights a very rare presentation of mainly cutaneous mycetoma caused by N. pseudobrasiliensis. This is the first reported case of N. pseudobrasiliensis infection in Korea.
Adrenal Cortex Hormones/*therapeutic use ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Bacterial Proteins/chemistry/genetics ; Female ; Humans ; Microscopic Polyangiitis/complications/*drug therapy ; Middle Aged ; Mycetoma/complications/*diagnosis/microbiology ; Nocardia/genetics/*isolation & purification ; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S/chemistry/genetics ; Republic of Korea ; Scalp/microbiology/pathology ; Sequence Analysis, DNA ; Skin/microbiology

BACKGROUND: COPA (cuffed oropharyngeal airway) is a convenient device for airway management in patients undergoing general anesthesia for elective surgery in supine position. It causes less pharyngeal trauma than LMA (Laryngeal mask airway). The purpose of this study was to compare the effect of COPA with and without muscle relaxant. METHODS: Forty patients with ASA physical status I and II for elective surgery were randomly assigned to two groups. Anaesthesia was induced with propofol (2 mg/kg) and vecuronium (1.5 mg/kg) and was administered intravenously in Group I but not in Group II. Mask ventilation was done for 5 min with O2 5 L/min. COPA was placed and heart rate, and systolic, mean, diastolic blood pressure and peak inspiratory pressure were measured at 1 min interval for 5 min. Anaesthesia was maintained with propofol 150 microgram/kg/min, fentanyl 1 microgram/kg/hr, O2 2 L/min and N2O 2 L/min. RESULTS: There were no significant differences between Group I and Group II in heart rate, systolic, mean and diastolic blood pressure. PIP (Peak inspiratory pressure) was increased and hiccups occurred significantly (p < 0.05) in Group II. Complete airway obstruction occurred in one patient of Group I and severe coughing, body movements and gagging occurred during induction and insertion in Group II. CONCLUSIONS: With the use of appropriate muscle relaxant, we can use COPA without increased inspiratory pressure or significant complication.
Airway Management ; Airway Obstruction ; Anesthesia, General ; Blood Pressure ; Cough ; Fentanyl ; Gagging ; Heart Rate ; Hiccup ; Humans ; Masks ; Propofol ; Supine Position ; Vecuronium Bromide ; Ventilation