Objective To retrospectively analyze the pathogenic bacterial distribution and drug resistance in the patients with u-rinary tract infection in our hospital to provide a basis for clinically rational use of antibacterial drugs .Methods The midstream u-rine of the patients with urinary tract infection in our hospital during 2013-2015 was performed the bacterial culture .The bacterial identification and drug susceptibility test were performed by using the Vitek-2 Compact automatic microorganism identification in-strumen .The data were statistically analyzed by adopting the WHONET 5 .6 software .Results Among 11130 urine culture sam-ples ,1676 strains of pathogenic bacteria were cultured with the detection rate of 15 .1% ;among them ,1332 strains were Gram-negative bacteria and accounted for 79 .5% ,275 strains were Gram-positive bacteria and accounted for 16 .4% and 69 strains were fungi and accounted for 4 .1% .The top 3 pathogenic bacteria of detection rate were in turn Escherichia coli ,Klebsiella pneumoniae and Enterococcus faecalis .Six hundreds and eleven strains of ESBLs bacteria were detected ,in which Escherichia coli ,Klebsiella pneumoniae accounted for 88 .5% and 10 .2% respectively .Escherichia coli had higher sensitivity to carbapenems ,fosfomycin ,ami-kacin ,etc .(>95 .0% ) .Klebsiella pneumoniae had higher sensitivity to carbapenems (>90 .0% ) .No vancomycin ,teicoplanin and linezolid resistant Enterococcus faecalis was detected .One strain of vancomycin resistant enterococcus faecium was detected .These pathogens mainly derived from the urology surgery department ,the constituent ratio of female was higher than that of male .Conclu-sion The pathogens of urinary tract infection in this hospital is dominated by Gram-negative bacteria ,Escherichia coli is mainly pathogenic bacterium .Multidrug resistant species and number are continuously increased .Clinicians should rationally and correctly use the antibacterial drugs based on the drug sensitivity test results for improving the effect of clinical anti-infection treatment .

The distribution of years, active regions, high production authors and core journals in papers on saffron crocus was analyzed using HistCite.The main methods in research of saffron crocus were described according to its chronological chart generated by the Pajek-generated matrix with its development history revealed.

ObjectiveTheaimofthisstudywastoprovideabetterpositivecontrolforallergictestbycomparing the allergic effect of two kinds of positive materials , human albumin and ovalbumin , on active systemic anaphylaxis in guinea pig.Methods Guinea pigs were randomly divided into 14 groups, and were given human albumin , ovalbumin (2, 10, 100 mg/animal), or 0.9%sodium chloride injection as test substances , to assess the symptoms and incidence of systemic allergic responses induced by different sensitizing substances in different challenge doses and different challenge intervals.Results In the range of 2 to 100 mg/animal, the guinea pigs showed a 100%incidence rate of positive allergic reaction to human albumin and ovalbumin , the severity of anaphylactic symptoms was increasing along with the increase of sensitizing doses and challenge doses , and the allergic reaction was more strong induced by the same dose of ovalbumin than human albumin .Conclusions Our findings indicate that in the active systemic anaphylaxis test in guinea pigs , we recommend ovalbumin as the positive control in a dose of 2 mg/animal.

Objective To evaluate the mutagenicity of hydrolysate of Meretrix meretrix Linnaeus soft tissue, so as to provide experimental basis for its exploitation.Methods Three mutagenicity tests were used to evaluate the mutagenic effects, including Ames test, CHL chromosome aberration assay and bone marrow micronucleus assay in mice.Results In Ames test, the revertant colonies numbers in each group were twice less than the numbers of spontaneous revertant colo-nies, five bacterial strains showed negative results with or without S9 activation, and the result of Ames test was negative. The CHL chromosome aberration assay and bone marrow micronucleus assay showed that the chromosome aberration rate and micronucleus rate of each dose group showed no significant difference compared with the negative control group, respec-tively ( P>0.05) .Conclusions Under this condition, the results show that all of the Ames test, chromosome aberration assay and bone marrow micronucleus assay are negative, and no mutagenicity is observed in the hydrolysate of Meretrix mer-etrix Linnaeus soft tissue.

Objective To imitate the pathological process of bronchiolitis obliterans(BO) post lung transplantation and in-vestigate the phenomenon of epithelial-mesenchymal transition ( EMT ) in small airway epithelial cells and its relation to BO . Methods We established the rat model of allogeneic orthotropic left lung transplantation with grafts from F 344 rats transplanted to Lewis rats by the Tri-cuff anastomosis.Then rats were daily injected intraperitoneally with cyclosporine (5 mg· kg-1 · d-1 ) for 10 days, intratracheally applied with lipopolysaccharide(0.5 mg/kg) at the 28th day and killed at the 90th day post-surger-y.We observed the histological structure of the lung grafts by HE and Masson staining , detected E-cadherin and Vimentin ex-pression in lung grafts and normal ones of F344 rats by immunohistochemistry, then analyzed the relation between small airway remodeling and the alterations in EMT markers expression .Enumeration data was analyzed with Fisher exact test and Spearman rank correlation was applied in correlation analysis .Results We found inflammatory cell infiltration , fibroplasia of bronchiole walls and significant lumen stenosis in lung graft mesenchyma.In lung grafts, the positive expression of E-cadherin was 5(total 13), which was significantly lower than that in normal lungs(7/8, P<0.05), and conversely the positive expression of Vim-entin was higher than normal ones(10/13 vs 2/8, P <0.05).The Spearman rank correlation analysis demonstrated that E-cadherin expression bear a negative correlation with Vimentin expression(r=-0.750, P<0.01).Conclusion Our study established a disease model imitating the pathological process of BO .And EMT was observed in small airway epithelial cells of the BO-exhibited lung grafts, indicating that EMT was involved in the process of BO airway remodeling .Thus it may reveal no-vel therapeutic targets for BO post lung transplantation by further investigation into the mechanism and pathological significance of EMT in small airway epithelial cells.

Objective To explore the influence of the lentiviral vectors-mediated mouse genetic engineering regulatory T cells (Treg) infused after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (alloBMT) on graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) and graft-versus-leukemia (GVL) effect in mice.Methods Lentivirus-mediated expression of Forkhead box P3 (Foxp3) transformed CD4 + CD25- T cells from Balb/c mice into engineered Tregs in vitro. An allo-BMT model of Balb/c→C57BL/6 mice was established. The recipients were given lethal X-ray total body irradiation before transplantation.Mice were randomly assigned into five groups and each group contained 10 recipients: (1) The recipients in radiation group were injected with 0.2 ml RPMI 1640; (2) The recipients in leukemia control group were injected with 5 × 106 donor bone marrow cells and 500 mouse T-cell leukemia/lymphoma cells (EL4 cells); (3) The recipients in transplantation control group were injected with 5 × 106 donor bone marrow cells and 5 × 106 splenocytes plus 500 EL4 cells; (4) The recipients in engineering Treg group were injected with 5 × 106 donor bone marrow cells, 5 × 106 splenocytes and 500 EL4 cells plus 5 × 106 genetic engineering Treg; (5) The recipients in empty vector control group were injected with 5 × 106 donor bone marrow cells, 5 × 106 splenocytes and 500 EL4 cells plus 5 × 106 empty vector-transduced CD4+ CD25- T cells. Survival time, clinical GVHD score or histopathological analysis (skin, liver and small intestine) were observed after allo-BMT. Chimerism of bone marrow cells from recipients survived for 60 days after transplantation was measured. Results The mean survival time in radiation group, leukemia control group, transplantation control group,engineering Treg group and empty vector control group was ( 10. 3 ± 1.5), (20. 7 ± 1.9), (26. 0 ±4.3), (49. 0 ± 17. 7) and (24. 4 ± 4. 1 ) days respectively. The survival time in engineering Treg group was significantly prolonged as compared with other groups as judged by the log-rank test (P＜0. 05).Histopathological analysis in several target organs (skin, liver and small intestine) confirmed the presence of severe GVHD in transplantation control group and empty vector control group. No histological signs of GVHD or leukemia were observed in recipients in engineering Treg group and clinical GVHD scores in this group were significantly decreased as compared with transplantation control group and empty vector control group. Conclusion Co-injection of genetic engineering Treg can efficiently prevent recipients from lethal GVHD without affecting GVL activity during allo-BMT in mice.

Objective To evaluate the effect of asymptomatic hyperuricemia on the postoperative functional recovery in osteoarthritis (OA)patients with knee joint replacement.Methods Among the 294 patients who recieved knee joint replacement in our hospital from Feb-ruary 2013 to September 2015,a total of 187 patients were included in this study with 79 cases in the hyperuricemia group and the other 108 cases in the control group.The WOMAC index of the two groups were analyzed before the surgery,2 weeks,3 months,and 6 months after the knee joint replacement surgery.Multivariable linear regression was performed to test the effect of impact factors on the variation of WOMAC index.Results The WOMAC index of the two groups significantly increased 2 weeks after surgery,and the difference was statistically signifi-cant(P <0.05).And the WOMAC index of the control group was higher than that in the hyperuricemia group 2 weeks and 3 months after sur-gery with statistically significant difference(P <0.05).Conclusion The uric acid level before surgery was a influence factor of WOMAC index, and high uric acid level before knee joint replacement has negatively impact for the postoperative functional recovery in the osteoarthritis patients.

Objective To explore the influence of the lentiviral vectors mediated mouse genetic engineering regulatory T cells(Tr) infused after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation(allo-BMT) on graft-versushost disease(GVHD) in mice. Methods Lentivirus-mediated expression of forkhead box P3 (Foxp3) converted CD4 + CD25 - T cells from BALB/c mice into engineered Tr in vitro. An allo-BMT model of BALB/c→C57BL/6 mice was established. After irradiation, the recipients were injected with donor cells along with genetic engineering Tr. Survival time, histopathological analysis, serum levels of inflammatory cytokines were observed after allo-BMT. Results The mean survival times in radiation group, transplantation control group, engineering Tr group and empty vector control group were ( 8.8 ± 0.6 ) d, ( 36.7 ± 2.5 ) d, ( 51.6 ± 4.0 ) d and ( 34.1 ± 2. 3 ) d. The survival time in engineering Tr group was significantly increased as compared to other groups as judged by the log-rank test ( P ＜0.05 ). Histopathological analysis in several target organs( skin, liver and small intestine) confirmed the presence of severe GVHD in transplantation control group and empty vector control group. No histological signs of GVHD were observed in recipients in engineering Tr group. The serum levels of IFN-γ, IL-2 and TNF-α were all increased after transplantation in above groups. The peaks of concentrations of IFN-γ, IL-2 and TNF-α in engineering Tr group were significantly decreased compared to transplantation control group and empty vector control group at day 21 ( P ＜ 0. 05 ). Conclusion Co-injection of genetic engineering Tr can efficiently prevent recipients from lethal GVHD during allo-BMT in mice by reducing the serum levels of inflammatory cytokines.

Objective A prospective randomized controlled trial was carried out to explore the best time of In-domethacin suppositories administration for the prevention of post-ERCP pancreatitis in high-risk groups. Methods 81 patients were enrolled in the study finally. Patients were randomized into group A (100 mg rectal Indomethacin suppositories was administrated immediately after ERCP), group B (100 mg rectal Indomethacin suppositories was administrated half an hour after ERCP) and group C (ERCP alone group, which did not give Indomethacin supposito-ries). The level of serum amylase, urine amylase, serum CRP, serum IL-6, serum TNF-α were measured before, 3 h, 24 h and 48 h after ERCP, and the incidence of PEP and hyperamylasemia were analyzed. Results There was 1 case (4.00%) of PEP in group A, 2 cases (5.41%) of PEP in group B and 5 cases (26.31%) of PEP in group C;the incidences of PEP of group A and group B were significant lower than that in group C (P < 0.05). There was 1 case (4.00%) of hyperamylasemia in group A, 5 cases (13.51 %) of hyperamylasemia in group B and 6 cases (31.6 %) of hyperamylasemia in group C, and the incidences of hyperamylasemia of group A and group B were significant lower than that in group C ( P< 0.05). Conclusion Administration of 100 mg Indomethacin suppositories immediately or half an hour after ERCP can effectively reduce the incidence of PEP and hyperamylasemia.

Objective To explore the effect of pedicle fixation for treatment of thoracolumbar burst fractures in patients with osteoporosis,and to provide more evidence for the treatment.Methods Retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 121 patients with osteoporotic vertebral burst fracture from June 2012 to October 2015.And these patients were divided into two groups according to different operation methods, namely the control group (n=56) who were given short segment fixation and the observation group (n=65) who were given single segment fixation.The visual analogue scale(VAS),Oswestry disability index(ODI),vertebral height,kyphotic angle and bone mineral density of the two groups were analyzed before surgery and 3 days,1 month,3 months and 12 months after surgery.Results The VAS score,ODI score,vertebral height,and Cobb angle of the injured vertebra were significantly improved in both of the two groups,and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05).The VAS score of the observation group was better than that of the control group 3 days after surgery with statistically significant difference (P<0.05).But there was no significant difference 3 months,6 months and 12 months after surgery(P>0.05).The ODI score of the observation group was better than that of the control group 3 days and 3 months after surgery with statistically significant difference (P<0.05),and there was no significant difference between the two groups till the end of follow-up.Pedicle fixation at the injured vertebra significantly improved the vertebral height and Cobb angle with statistically significant difference (P<0.05).And the anti-osteoporosis treatment significantly increased the bone mineral density (P<0.05).Conclusion Pedicle fixation at the injured vertebra is useful in pain relief as well as function and anatomical structure restoring.And anti-osteoporosis treatment is necessary for the bone mineral density increase.