During 2001-2002 period, 19 lots of oral cholera vaccines were prepared at the Company No1 of Vaccine and Biological Preparation. Weight gain tests were performed on white mice, each test used 20 mices for vaccine sample and 20 mices for control. According to WHO standards and Central National of Control for Biological Preparation standards, cholera vaccine does not cause death for mice, and mean weight of mouse after three days injection is at least equal to that of infection moment and the mean weight gain of the seventh day is higher or equal 60% of control. All 19 lots of vaccine had had high safety
Cholera Vaccines ; Cholera ; Biological Products

From 1998, mass immunization using the locally-produced, killed oral cholera vaccine was conducted in half of the communes of Hue city followed by mass immunization of the remaining communes in 2000. In 2003, a cholera outbreak occurred in the city. The objective of the study is to assess the effects of vaccine after 3-5 years. The control group had the same address, sex and age with cholera patients. From May – August 2003, a total of 115 confirmed cholera cases were detected in Hue city. In this study, 48 cases were positive culture-confirmed and 21 cases was clinically suspected cholera. 62% cases had been vaccinated compared with 75% of the controls. The results showed that, using cholera vaccine in 1998 or 2000 conferred 50% protection against cholera during the 2003 outbreak
Cholera Vaccines ; Vaccination ; immunization

19 lots of oral vaccine producted in the years 2001-2002 at the Company No1 of Vaccines and Biological Preparations were studied. pH=6.9 in the lot 110102, the highest was 7.3 in the lots 050901, 060901 and 091201 (permissible pH=6.8-7.4); thimerosant content from 0.005 g% in the lot 020801 to 0.015 g% in the lots 110102, 120302 and 150502 (permissible content ≤ 0.02 g%); formaldehyde content from 0.005 g% in the lot 060901 to 0.017 g% in the lot 110102 (permissible content ≤ 0.02 g%); total protein content 0.77 g% in the lot 091201 and 1.63 g% in the lot 181002 (permissible content ≤ 2 g%)
Cholera Vaccines ; chemistry ; Biological Products

At Cho Ray Hospital – Ho Chi Minh city from Dec 2001 to Dec 2002, 228 heart failure cases (96 males, 130 females, aged 58.4317.45) were studied. Their associated conditions were: 14 with diabetes, 5 brain blood infactus, 5 hyperthyroidies, 19 kidney failures. Among 162 patients with electrolyte disorders, 25 were died, the rate of hyponatremia and hyperkalemia was significantly higher in fatal group than in survival group. Hyponatremia was fatal risk factor and it should pay great attention to treat this condition with hypertonic natrium solution
Cholera Vaccines ; chemistry ; Biological Products

Oral cholera vaccine efficiency was studied with the strains of V. cholerae 01, Cairo 50, V. cholerae 01.569B, V. cholerae 01 Phil 6973, El Tor, as antigene. According to the standards issued by the National Centre of Control of Medical Biopreparation, the samples of vaccine producted at industrial scale in the Company No1 of Vaccines and Biological Preparation belong the National Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology was satisfied
Cholera Vaccines ; chemistry ; Biological Products ;

The application of the cholera vaccine is one of the cholera prevention and control strategies. Cholera vaccines stimulate mucosal immune to play the role of antibacteria and antitoxin. When the cholera toxin B subunit is added in the cholera vaccine, it could also defend against some diarrhea associated pathogens by cross-protection. Oral inactivated cholera vaccines are commercially available now. The oral live vaccine candidates are under development. The development of cholera vaccine is not only on the technical aspect, based on the situations of epidemic areas and population, cost, storage and transportation condition should also be considered. Though the argument on the use of cholera vaccine in epidemic areas and population in high risk existed previously, its vaccination has reached agreement now based on the clinical trials and evaluations during epidemic period.
Administration, Oral ; Cholera ; Cholera Toxin ; Cholera Vaccines ; Cross Protection ; Diarrhea ; Humans ; Vaccination ; Vaccines, Attenuated ; Vaccines, Inactivated

The study on the bivalent vaccine was carried out in 246 healthy Vietnamese volunteers’ aged from 1 to 25 years old. The results indicated that: the vaccine was well tolerated. The proportions of vaccines in both age groups exhibited anti-01 vibriocidal seroconversions, but the proportion of seroconverting was greater in children than in adults. Adult recipients of the vaccine exhibited similar to seroconversion rates of anti-01 and anti-0139 vibriocidal antibodies.
Meningococcal Vaccines ; Poliovirus Vaccine, Oral ; Cholera ; Safety

24 volunteers were divided into 3 groups. Group 1 of 10 subjects was given vaccine in addition of bicarbonate damper, group 2 of 9 subjects was given vaccine and water, group 3 of 5 subjects was given bicarbonate damper. Anti LPS antibody value of V. cholerae 01 of IgA class in ELISA spot was higher significantly than serum ELISA in same time point. Lymphocyte producing IgA antibody persisted about 5 months after immunization. IgM antibody excreting cells had activated promptly rather just 7 days after the first time of talking oral vaccine with a mean value 8 times higher than the mean value before taking vaccine. 100% of studied subjects in 2 groups had had the response of IgA antibody excreted through peripheral blood lymphocytes.
Cholera Vaccines ; Lymphocytes ; Technical Report [Publication Type]

This study was undertaken to acquire some information concerning the mechanism for reduction of nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT) dye by neutrophils. Male rabbits weighing more than 2 kilograms were used in this study. The vaccines. The vaccines utilized were bacterial and viral ones such as typhoid, cholera, measles, and mumps vaccines. The histochemical NBT test was carried out using the method by Park et al. With some modification. Vaccines were given the rabbits, and changes were observed in the percentage and number of pseudoeosinophils and NBT-positive pseudoeosils in the peripheral blood. The data obtained thus were discussed and summarized as follow:1. The percentage of the NBT-positive pseudoeosinophils increased in the rabbits to which the bacterial vaccines were given. 2. The percentage of NBT-positive pseudoeosinophils decreased in the rabbits to whick viral vaccines were given. 3. No association was found between the percentage of the NBT-positive pseudoeosinophils and the number of pseudodosinophils following the administeration.
Bacterial Vaccines ; Cholera ; Humans ; Male ; Measles ; Mumps ; Neutrophils ; Nitroblue Tetrazolium* ; Rabbits* ; Typhoid Fever ; Vaccines ; Viral Vaccines

Animals ; Antibodies, Bacterial ; blood ; Cholera Toxin ; immunology ; Cholera Vaccines ; immunology ; Fimbriae, Bacterial ; immunology ; Mice ; Vibrio cholerae O139 ; immunology