A surveillance system for cholera control was conducted in Hai Phong from February to December 1998 in Ngo Quyen and Thuy Nguyen districs. The isolation of V.cholerae from stool samples of acute diarrhoea on one fixed day per week was the index study. The result of the study contributed to improve the effectiveness of the surveillance system.
Cholera ; epidemiology

The results of cholera surveillance from 1986-2000 showed that the incidence of the disease has dramatically decreased from 9.37 per 100.000 population in 1986 to 0.14 per 100.000 population in 2000. The disease has occurred all year round. However, the highest incidence was in January. February and the lowest incidence was in July, August. Cholera has mainly been recorded in provinces of central and Southern regions. Causative agent was Vibrio cholerae El Tor serotype Ogawa. The disease has spread through ingestion of seafood shrimp and fish sauces, water contaminated with Vibrio cholerae.
Cholera ; epidemiology

To confirm whether cholera epidemic in Hai Phong city is current or invasive, the stool samples from old cholera cases, healthy people, acute diarrhea cases as well as samples from environment such as oyster, fish, mussel etc. were collected for isolating V.cholerae 01. Not any of them was positive with V.cholera 01. It means that there was no evidence of current cholera epidemic in Hai Phong. The new cholera surveillance system was proposed for Hai Phong city.
Cholera ; epidemiology

Reviewing cholera epidemics in Thua Thien-Hue province yielded that people at all age groups had caught cholera, 36% of all these cholera cases were in less than 15 years old group. In 2003, there was a transform from type V.E. OGAWA to V.E. INABA. The C-degree dehydration has been increased and made 50% among cholera patients, statistically higher than the rates of the years 2003, 1992 and 1993. This bacterium was still sensitive to common antibiotics shown on antibiograms. However ampicilline has been at risk of drug resistance. Therefore, it is necessary to carefully choose antibiotics for treatment and chemo-prophylaxis for people.
Cholera ; Epidemiologic Studies ; Epidemiology

China ; epidemiology ; Cholera ; epidemiology ; Disease Outbreaks ; Humans

Cholera ; epidemiology ; Disease Outbreaks ; Humans ; Zimbabwe ; epidemiology

Recently, two successive epidemics of cholera were observed in Korea. The first one started in Suhchun-Goon of Choong-Chung-Namdo in August 1969, and the 2nd in Changyoung-Goon of Kyung Sang-Namdo in August 1970. With stool specimens collected from patients in Suhchun, Ko-Chang, Seoul, Inchun, Youngkwang, Chang-hang and Wooljin were epidemic areas in l969, and from patients in Chang-Young, Pusan, Taegu, and Seoul which were epidemic areas in l970, studies were carried out in 1) the isolation and identification of cholera vibrio strains 2) the differentiation of E1 Tor vibrio from classic cholera strains 3) the liberation test of Kappa-type phages and 4) El Tor phage typing. Five strains, which were isolated in the epidemic area of the Philippines in l969 were included for a comparative study. The results are summarized as follows. 1) The epidemic strains of 1969 were identified as Vibrio cholerae, Celebes type El Tor and those of 1970 epidemic as Vibrio cholerae, biotype El Tor, El Tor phage type IV. 2) Korean strains and Philippine strains of 1969 epidemic appeared to be identical in biochemical and serological tests and phage susceptibility tests.
Cholera/epidemiology ; Cholera/microbiology* ; Human ; Korea ; Philippines ; Vibrio/isolation & purification*

Cholera is a severe diarrhoeal illness caused by infection with the bacterium Vibrio cholerae. From July 2009 to late 2011 Papua New Guinea (PNG) experienced thefirst outbreak of cholera ever reported in this country. During this time > 15,000 cases of cholera were reported, resulting in approximately 500 deaths. The origin of this outbreak is unknown, but considering the remote location of the initial outbreak an infected international traveller is unlikely to be the source. In this paper we review the characteristics of the PNG cholera outbreak and discuss the ongoing threat of cholera to the country and the region.
Cholera/*epidemiology ; *Disease Outbreaks ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Papua New Guinea/epidemiology ; Risk Factors

OBJECTIVETo determine the genetic relationships between different Vibrio cholerae isolates in Shenzhen from 1993 to 2002.

METHODSChromosomal DNA from 60 isolates was digested in seakem gold agrose with restriction enzyme Not I and plugs were then analyzed by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) patterns of V. cholerae isolates were clustered using BioNumerics software.

RESULTS39 distinctive PFGE patterns were identified with each pattern having 20 to 30 bands. Most PFGE patterns were divided into cluster A or cluster B.

CONCLUSIONThe closely related pandemic clone clusters of V. cholerae strains did exist in Shenzhen. PFGE of V. cholerae could be used for active surveillance and tracking for cholerae.

China ; epidemiology ; Cholera ; epidemiology ; microbiology ; Electrophoresis, Gel, Pulsed-Field ; methods ; Humans ; Phylogeny ; Vibrio cholerae ; classification ; genetics

Animals ; China ; epidemiology ; Cholera ; epidemiology ; prevention & control ; Environmental Monitoring ; Vibrio cholerae ; genetics ; isolation & purification