This research was conducted to examine the effect of cholecalciferol on fasting blood glucose (FBG), adipocyte diameter and glucose transporter (GLUT) 4 expression in adipocytes of diabetic rats. Nineteen male Wistar strain diabetic rats were divided into 4 groups (K, X1, X2 and X3). Cholecalciferol was administered in the amount of 6.25 μg/kg in X1, 12.5 μg/kg in X2 and 25 μg/kg in X3 per orem, once daily for 14 days. Group K received the placebo. There were no significant differences in FBG (p=0.199) and adipocyte diameter (p=0.218) between groups but there were significant differences in the expression of GLUT4 between control and treatment groups. Thus, cholecalciferol can increase GLUT4 expression in adipocyte without altering FBG and adipocyte diameter of diabetic rats.
Cholecalciferol ; Adipocytes

The vitamin D3 analogue calcipotriol ointment(Daivonex(R)) has now been used successfully in the treatment of psoriasis for several years. It is usually well tolerated and safe. The adverse effects are mainly lesional and perilesional irritations, facial irritations, hypercalcemia, etc. The nature of calcipotriol-induced dermatitis is usually considered to be of irritant nature but allergic contact reactions have also been reported. We report a case of allergic contact dermatitis from calcipotriol (Daivonex(R)).
Cholecalciferol ; Dermatitis ; Dermatitis, Allergic Contact* ; Hypercalcemia ; Psoriasis

An unusual and rare presentation of osteomalacia results from the paracrine effect of a localized bone or soft tissue neoplasm. In this syndrome, known as tumor induced osteomalacia or oncogenic osteomalacia, a neoplasm synthesizes and secretes a circulating compound, known as phosphatonin, which acts on the kidney leading to phosphate wasting. Oncogenic osteomalacia can be caused by a wide variety of neoplasm, although they are usually primary soft tissue or bone tumors. Most commonly the causative neoplasm is a benign or low-grade malignant vascular or fibrous tissue tumor. Complete removal of the offending neoplasm completely reverses the osteomalacia. If successful, the osteomalacia resolves. However, incomplete removal of the neoplasm necessitates treatment with phosphate and Vitamin D3 to ameliorate the skeletal disease.
Cholecalciferol ; Kidney ; Osteomalacia* ; Soft Tissue Neoplasms

BACKGROUND: We have already shown that a new vitamin D3 analogue, calcipotriol is a potent growth inhibitor for human keratinocytes, indicating the close relationship between the in vitro inhibitory effect of calciipotriol and its therapeutic effectiveness or psoriasis. OBJECTIVE: Our purpose was to evaluste the clinical efficscy, safety and tolerability of calcipotriol (50ug/g) ointment twice daily in the treatment of psoriasis. MEHTODS: We treated 31 patients with calcipotriol for 6 weeks. Patients were provided with a maximum of 100g of ointment per week. Efficacy, as measured by the Psoriasis Area and Severity Index(PASI), and safety were assessed at 2,4, and 6 weeks. RESULTS: Reduction of PASI was stastistically significant at all time points for treatments (p<0.01). At the completian of 6 weeks of treatment, the mean PASI reduction was 3.61. An analysis of patient overall self-assessment, at 6 weeks showed clearance or marked improvement in 61%. Some patients developed minimal irriltation of lesional or perilesional skin(6.5%). Laboratory tests did not show any significant changes, in particular there was no change in serum calcium levels. CONCLUSIONS: Calcipotriol ointment was effective as measured by the PASI and the self-assessment in patients with psoriaeis. This treatrnent was well tolerated.
Calcium ; Cholecalciferol ; Humans ; Keratinocytes ; Psoriasis* ; Self-Assessment

The cutaneous synthesis of vitamin D in response to ultraviolet radiation exposure is the most important factor in maintaining vitamin D balance in Man. The skin is not only the site of vitamin D synthesis, but also a target organ for calcitriol(1, 25-dihydroxy-vitamin D) which is naturally occuriag, hormonally active form of vitamin E. It is now known that calcitriol inhibits the proliferation of epidermal cells and induces her differentiation. In this study, epidermal keratinocytes and melanocytes were isilated from the neonatal foreskin, and were culturod using a MCDB 153 and modified TIC media, respectively. And then various concentratioris of calcipotriol(MC 903), a synthetic aralogue of calcitriol, were added to each culture. The effects of calcipotriol on the growth of human keratinocytes and melanocytes were investigated. The results were as follows : 1. The addition of calopotriol to human keratinocyte and melalocyte cultures inhibited their proliferation in a dosdependent manner. 2. Calcipotriol had no effects on the melanization process of the melanocyte. 3. Calcipotriol was found to inhibit the proliferation, however it induced the terminal differentiation of cultured keratinocytes, as judged by morphologicai changes. The decreased density of kerationcytes, The formation of cornified cells, and the cellular destruction in a concentration of 10 M of calcipotriol were observed. 4. By using the light atid the electron microscope, we observed that the epidermal thickness was decreased and terminal differentiation was facilitateir. Living Skin Equivalent (LSE) according to the increasing concentration of calcipotriol. A]i)parent cytotoxic effects were observed in 10 M, 10 M of calcipotriol. In summary, the above results indicate that the addition of calcipotriol to the in vitro culture system of human keratinocyte and melanocyte induces the biologic process of terminal differentiation of keratinocytes and inhibits proliferation of keratinoytes and melanocytes in a dose-dependent manner.
Calcitriol ; Cholecalciferol* ; Foreskin ; Humans* ; Keratinocytes* ; Melanocytes* ; Skin ; Tics ; Vitamin D ; Vitamin E ; Vitamins*

BACKGROUND: Calcipotriol, a new vitamin D3 analogue, is a potent growth inhibitor for human keratinocytes and has been shown to be effective in the topical treatment of psoriasis with no major disturbances of calcium homeostasis. OBJECTIVE: An open multicenter trial was conducted to assess the efficacy, safety, and tolerability of topical calcipotriol ointment(50ug/g) twice daily in the treatment of psoriasis vulgaris. METHODS: Op patients recruited from the Department of Dermatology of 30 universities and raining hospitals in Korea, 108 patients who could be followed up at the end of study were evaluated. Efficacy, as measured by the Psoriasis Area and Severity Index(PASI), and safety were assessed at 2, 4, and 6 week. RESULTS: Reduction of PASI score was stastically significant at all time points of treatment(p<0.01). At the completion of 6 weeks of treatment, the mean PASI reduction was 76.7%. The scores of thickness and scale decrease more than that of erythema. An analysis of patient and clinician overall self-assessment at 6 weeks showed cleared, marked improvement and moderate improvement in 65.2% and 62.9% at each. Some patients developed minimal irritation of lesional or perilesional skin. Laboratory tests did not show any significant changes particularly, serum calcium levels. CONCLUSION: Calcipotriol ointment was effective as measured by PASI score and the self-assessment in patients with psoriasis vulgaris and was well tolerated.
Calcium ; Cholecalciferol ; Dermatology ; Erythema ; Homeostasis ; Humans ; Keratinocytes ; Korea ; Psoriasis* ; Rain ; Self-Assessment ; Skin

After discontinuation of bisphosphonate therapy, an antiresorptive effect and antifracture protection persist for an undefined period. Patients are encouraged to continue calcium and vitamin D supplementation, during a bisphosphonate drug holiday. However, assessment of adequate calcium intake during the bisphosphonate drug holiday is difficult. Therefore, we measured the serum intact parathyroid hormone (PTH) level as a surrogate marker. A premenopausal woman discontinued bisphosphonate therapy, after 7.5 years of treatment. Two months later, blood calcium and phosphorus levels were normal, serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D level was 31.3 ng/mL, but serum PTH level had increased to 94.9 pg/mL. The elemental calcium supplement dose was increased to 600 mg/day, with no change in the cholecalciferol dose (400 IU). Her serum PTH levels decreased to 49.1 after 4 months and 32.9 pg/mL after 5 months. The serum PTH level may be helpful in assessing adequate calcium intake during a bisphosphonate drug holiday.
Biomarkers ; Calcium ; Cholecalciferol ; Female ; Holidays* ; Humans ; Parathyroid Hormone* ; Phosphorus ; Vitamin D

OBJECTIVE: To assess the efficacies of once-weekly bisphosphonates on bone mineral density (BMD) gains in Korean women aged 50 years or more. METHODS: We selected 166 patients who received: alendronate 70 mg (n=48), alendronate 70 mg + cholecalciferol 2,800 IU (n=31) or risedronate 35 mg (n=87) for one year. The baseline BMD and the % changes of BMD at one-year were compared among the three medication groups. RESULTS: The menopausal status and number of women with osteoporosis was not different among the three groups, but mean age of women was significantly lower in alendronate group. Baseline BMD at L1-4 and femur neck (FN) was similar, but baseline BMD at femur total (FT) was significantly lower in alendronate group. After one-year use, the median % changes of BMD at three sites were similar among the three groups; however, the median values were highest in alendronate + cholecalciferol group (L1-4: 4.48%, 6.74%, and 4.50%; FT: 2.09%, 3.70%, and 2.31%; FN: 3.05%, 3.79%, and 2.03%). CONCLUSION: Among three once-weekly bisphosphonates, BMD gains were highest after one-year use of alendronate+cholecalciferol, although statistically not significant.
Aged ; Alendronate ; Bone Density ; Cholecalciferol ; Diphosphonates ; Etidronic Acid ; Female ; Femur ; Femur Neck ; Humans ; Osteoporosis ; Risedronate Sodium

The hormonally active vitamin D metabolite, 1,25-dihydroxy vitamin D3 [1.25-(OH)2D3] is one of the several humoral factors that may regulate osteoblast differentiation. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of 1,25-(OH)2D3 on the PDL cells. Human PDL cells were prepared from the first premolar tooth extracted for the orthodontic treatment and they were incubated in the environment of 37degrees C, 5% CO2 and 95% humidity. [3H]-thymidine incorporation as a measure of proliferation potential and alkaline phosphatase activity were evaluated at 10nM, l00nM 1,25-(OH)2D3. The observed results were as follows. 1. 1,25-(OH)2D3 was significantly enhanced [3H]-thymidine incorporation at l00nM, But did not affect by 10nM. 2. 1,25-(OH)2D3 was significantly increased alkaline phosphatase activity at 1 day and 6 days in a dose-dependent manner.
Alkaline Phosphatase* ; Bicuspid ; Cholecalciferol ; Humans* ; Humidity ; Osteoblasts ; Periodontal Ligament* ; Tooth ; Vitamin D

Bone is a dynamic tissue which is constantly remodelled by subsequent cycles of bone resorption and formation. Glucocorticoid and vitamine D3 are known as regulating substances in bone metabolism. In vitro experiments using bone tissue, it was suggested that glucoccorticoid inhibits bone resorption, whereas the effect of glucocorticoid on bone formation are complex- increasing or decreasing effect. The active form of vitamin D3, 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol [1.25-(OH)2D3], has been reported to stimulate osteoblastic activities including the production of ALP, type I collagen, and osteoclacin. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of admixture of vitamin D3 and dexamethasone, one of glucocorticoids, on osteblastic cell line(MC3T#-E1). Alkaline phosphatase(ALP) and MTT assay were conducted in the cultivated cells with 1, 10, 100nm/ml of 1,25-(OH)2D3 and/or 10nM/ml, 100nM/ml, 1micrometer/ml of dexamethasone. The observed results were as follows. 1. The activity of osteoblastic cells with 1micrometer/ml of dexamethasone was significantly increased at 1-day cultivation with comparison to control group, but was decreased afterwards. But the activity of ALP was greatest in 1micrometer/ml of dexamethasone and increased with time lapsed. 2. The activity of osteoblastic cells with vitamin D3 was significantly increased dose-dependently at 1-day cultivation, but was significantly decreased in 10nM/ml or 100nM/ml at 2-day or 3-day cultivation, and was greatest in 100nM/ml at 3-day cultivation. 3. In case of admixture of dexamethasone and vitamin D3 at 2-day cultivation, but was increased again at 3-day cultivation, which was greater than that in control or dexamethasone only group. The activity of ALP was decreased at 1-day cultivation, but was increased in the admixture of 10nM/ml or 100nM/ml of dexamethasone with 100nM/ml of vitamin D3 at 2-day cultivation, and was again decreased at 3-day cultivation.
Bone and Bones ; Bone Resorption ; Calcitriol ; Cholecalciferol ; Collagen Type I ; Dexamethasone* ; Glucocorticoids ; Metabolism ; Osteoblasts* ; Osteogenesis ; Vitamins*