Along with the advance in national economy, modern concept of burn rehabilitation from major burn injury implies that measures should be taken to help the patients return to society with dignity. This article briefly reviews the development and achievement of burn rehabilitation in our country, as well as the current difficulties in carrying out rehabilitation measures such as outmoded ideology, lack of trained personnel, low rat of popularization, outdated techniques and methodology, and relatively low level in scientific research, etc. The future development of burn rehabilitation in our country needs more social support, popular attention, and multidisciplinary joint efforts to help burn patients return to society with dignity. In order to fulfill this goal, we still have a long way to go.
Animals ; Burns ; rehabilitation ; China ; Humans ; Rats

Objective To observe the cellular phenotype conversion of human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) cocultured indirectly with heat-shocked human sweat gland cells (SGCs) in vitro and explore the relative mechanism. Methods MSCs and SGCs were isolated and amplified in vitro. First,primary confluent cultures of SGCs were heat-shocked at 47℃. Then, the supernatants were collected immediately and 24 hours before applied to the third generation of MSCs. After seven days, the MSCs expressing CK7, CK18 and CEA were examined by two-step immunocytochemistry and flow cytometry and compared with the control group. Results MSCs treated with the supernatants of SGCs proliferated slowly, with no obvious morphological changes during seven days. Two-step immunocytochemistry demonstrated positive staining of CK7 and CEA in some cells. Additionally, the positive rate of CK7 and CEA was 5.76% and 2.01% by flow cytometry, much higher than that of the control sample, which was only 1.12% and 0.51% respectively (P ＜ 0.01 ). Conclusions There are some signal moleculars in the supernatants of heat-shocked SGCs, which benefits the transdifferentiation of MSCs.

ObjectiveTo investigate the effects of bFGF on human hypertrophic scar in a nude mouse model. MethodsHuman hypertrophic scars excised in operation for burned patiens were grafted onto the back of nude mice subcutaneously and the mice were randomly divided into: control group, collagenase group, bFGF group, and bFGF plus collagenase group. Two weeks after grafting, preparations were injected into the scars for three times. The size, hardness, and morphological changes of the scars were examined. Biopsies were done 3 weeks after first injection and the histological changes were examined. ResultsIt was found that in bFGF group the size of the grafted scars reduced to 1/2～1/3 of their original size, the majority of the coarse and dense scar collagen bundles resolved and became soft loosed lump. In bFGF plus collagenase group, two thirds of the grafted scar disappeared. ConclusionTopical injection of bFGF into hypertrophic scar degrades scar collagen.

Objective To introduce a surgical method for treatment of severe gynecomastia.Methods After designing double rings and ectomizing epidermis between two rings,a supra-medialis derma mammary pedicle of the nipple and areola was formed,most of the gland and fatty tissue was ectomized,the pedicle was fixed with the sarcolemma,and the two rings were sutured together.Resuits There were no severe postoperative complications.Following-up of 9 cases (18 sites) for 6 to 24 months showed symmetrical and satisfactory contour.Conclusions The breast reduction with doublering supra-medialis pedicle can be an effective procedure of severe gynecomastia,in which the supramedialis pedicle can ensure the blood supply of nipple and areola and avoid late mastoptosis.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the quantitative analysis based on three-dimensional computed tomography (3D-CT) in contouring surgery of complex craniofacial fibrous dysplasia (FD).

METHODS14 patients with craniofacial FD underwent 3D-CT scan. Axial images of patients with craniofacial FD were reconstructed into 3D model by using Mimics 10.0. Anatomical landmarks were located and the coordinate of the landmarks obtained. The differences between the right landmarks and the left were calculated and analyzed. Quantitative contouring surgery was performed based on the quantitative analysis result.

RESULTSWith the detail data from the 3D-CT analysis, the surgery of contouring was more safe and accurate with less operation time, less bleeding and good results.

CONCLUSIONSThe method of 3D CT quantitative analysis can provide precise information in the diagnosis and treatment planning of craniofacial deformity. Based on the result of 3D-CT quantitative analysis, the operations can be performed more accurately and safely with good symmetric consequence.

Aged ; Craniofacial Abnormalities ; diagnostic imaging ; Facial Bones ; abnormalities ; diagnostic imaging ; Fibrous Dysplasia, Polyostotic ; diagnostic imaging ; Humans ; Imaging, Three-Dimensional ; methods ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; methods

Although the extraordinary agent wound is not common, the difficulties of its diagnosis, treatment, and the high medical risk as well as the indeterminacy of its prognosis bring great challenges to the clinicians. It is mainly attributed to the complexities of extraordinary agent wounds and the deficiency in the assessment technic of wound. Therefore, it is necessary and important to establish a precise assessment method to benefit the surgical planning, pre-estimation of peri-operative risk, and the doctor-patient communication. Based on the relative scientific research and our recent clinical research data, we bring forth our opinions on the current status and the development trend of the assessment of extraordinary agent wounds in this article.
Humans ; Patient Care Planning ; Physician-Patient Relations ; Risk Assessment ; Wounds and Injuries ; surgery

OBJECTIVETo investigate the epidemiological characteristics and patterns of extra-pulmonary tuberculosis wounds in order to provide reliable data for further clinical research.

METHODSRecords of patients with extra-pulmonary tuberculosis wounds hospitalized from January 2010 to December 2012 were retrospectively analyzed, including gender, age, nationality, family background, Bacille Calmette-Guerin (BCG) vaccination, primary lesion, and history of injury.

RESULTSTuberculosis wounds were found in 235 patients among 5 863 patients with extra-pulmonary tuberculosis, accounting for 4.0%. Among the patients with tuberculosis wounds, there were 139 male and 96 female, and the ratio of male to female was 1.4: 1.0. The age of patients ranged from 1 to 87 (37 +/- 18) years old, and the highest incidence occurred in patients older than 15 and younger than or equal to 30 years old (100 cases, accounting for 42.6%). Most patients with tuberculosis wounds were Han, and only 11 patients were minorities, accounting for 4.7%. Tuberculosis wounds were more prevalent in rural areas (163 cases, accounting for 69.4%), with a smaller number in urban areas (72 cases, accounting for 30.6%). The BCG vaccination rate was 13.6%. The main primary lesions were lymph node infection (112 cases, accounting for 47.7%), among which involvement of cervical lymph nodes accounted for the highest ratio ( 99 cases, accounting for 88.4%). Twenty-one patients had the traffic accident etc. injury history recently, among which 19 were male and 2 were female.

CONCLUSIONSTuberculosis wound, with certain incidence, was more frequently found among young adults from rural areas. The BCG vaccination rate was low among the patients and the main primary lesion was tuberculosis of cervical lymph nodes.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; ethnology ; statistics & numerical data ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; China ; epidemiology ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence ; Infant ; Lymph Nodes ; microbiology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Population Surveillance ; Prevalence ; Retrospective Studies ; Rural Population ; Tuberculosis ; epidemiology ; microbiology ; Tuberculosis, Pulmonary ; epidemiology ; Urban Population ; Wounds and Injuries ; complications ; epidemiology ; Young Adult

Discipline construction is the core element of department development, including discipline structure setting, scale, equipment, medical workers structure, clinical feature and advantage, talent training, teaching level, scientific research level, management system, and cultural construction of department. As leader and engine of discipline construction, directors′ ability is an important factor for discipline construction. Clinical characteristic is the basis of discipline construction; innovation actuation is the essence of discipline construction; talents training is the guarantee of discipline construction; scientific research is the wing of discipline construction; cultural construction is the hot spring of discipline construction. Discipline construction is the theme of the development of burn surgery.

Discipline construction is a systematic project, covering clinic, teaching, scientific research, management, and humanity. Based on the perspective of innovation drive, from the aspects of discipline structure setting, specialized laboratory construction, sub-specialty formation, clinical characteristic and advantage formation, and management concept update, this article summarizes the growth process of Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery in the 309th Hospital of PLA.

Along with the development of society and the change of disease spectrum, chronic wound is gradually becoming the core of burn and plastic surgery field. Although there have been some progresses in the diagnosis and treatment technology, the management strategy of chronic wound is still in the traditional mode stage. The development of internet of things, cloud computing, big data, artificial intelligence, and other emerging technologies is changing with each passing day, and they have rapidly penetrated into the health care field. To explore the application prospect of emerging technology in the diagnosis and treatment management of chronic wound and to plan its strategy and mode in the diagnosis and treatment of chronic wound can further promote development of discipline of burns.