Introduction : Every day, patients undergo rehabilitation training under the guidance of a physical therapist person-to-person, but it ends in a short time. A patient who are taking walking exercises in the rehab center is confined to a wheelchair when that patient returns to the hospital ward. Such being the situation, we introduced part of the rehabilitation program into daily routine in the ward life. All the staff of the convalescent ward joined forces to help the patients restore their ability to perform the basic activities if daily living (ADLs) and motivate them to return to normal. The results of our efforts shall be reported here.Subjects and Methods : A total of 10 patients who were undergoing training in the rehab center were the subjects for this study. The progression of rehabilitation was observed and documented. The target of rehabilitation at the hospital ward was set. Their ability to perform ADLs were assessed.Results : Eight of the 10 subjects achieved the objective. Two persons failed because they got out shape. Two of the eight subjects who could attain the objective became eager to do daily routine.Discussion : Before this study, we only drove the patients to and from the rehab center, but when the study got started, we came to observe the patients from various angles because we had opportunities to grasp the situation about rehabilitation, to asked physical therapists questions about care and exercises and exchange views with them. We thought that the introduction of part of the program implemented in the rehab center into daily routine in the ward life and the setting of the target of rehabilitation contributed to the enhancement of the levels of the patient’s ability to perform the ADLs. The old people exhibit a peculiar state of mind due to physical inactivity and aging. When they are hindered from performing daily activities, they feel frustrated and plunge into helplessness. We thought that it is important to make them take an interest in what they can do instead of what they cannot do, if we are to uplift their ability to perform ADLs and improve the quality of their life.Conclusion : Giving the patients rehabilitation training in concert with physical therapists results in the improvement of their ability to do the activities of daily living.
Patients' Rooms ; Rehabilitation aspects ; Hospitals ; Training ; Rehabilitation therapy

OBJECTIVESThe appearance of 'twin language' has been highlighted as a reason for delayed language development in twins. 'Twin language' is a unique language understandable only within the pair, and not by their mother or others. The purpose of this study was to examine and clarify the factors affecting the appearance of 'twin language'.

METHODSA mailed questionnaires survey was conducted in 2733 mothers of twins. Of them, 1395 mothers returned the questionnaires. The core questionnaire asked for data on birth weight, age at first spoken word, whether the twins were as alike as two peas in a pod, household members and non-verbal play. Logistic regression analysis was used in this study.

RESULTSOut of the 1395 pairs included in this analysis, 598 pairs (42.9%) showed the appearance of a 'twin language'. When the 598 pairs were divided by whether the twin pair was exactly alike or not, there were 112 opposite sex pairs, 105 not-alike male pairs, 106 not-alike female pairs, 129 exactly alike male pairs and 140 exactly alike female pairs. Namely, 38.4% of the opposite sex pairs, 40.4% of the not-alike male pairs, 39.3% of the not-alike female pairs, 47.6% of the exactly alike male pairs and 48.4% in the exactly alike female pairs had a twin language. By multivariate logistic regression analysis controlling for twins' age, it was found that 'twin language' was significantly more frequent in exactly alike twin pairs, pairs with non-verbal play, and pairs with fewer older siblings.

CONCLUSIONSThese findings suggest that three factors (whether the twin pair is exactly alike or not, older siblings, non-verbal play) affect the appearance of 'twin language'.

BACKGROUND: How community-based group resistance exercises affect the transition from robustness to frailty remains unclear. Thus, we conducted a retrospective cohort study to determine whether the trajectory from robustness to frailty over age differed depending on the duration of participation in group exercises. METHODS: We analyzed the Kihon Checklist (KCL) score of community-dwelling elderly residents of Sumoto city, Hyogo prefecture, who participated in community-based group resistance exercises between April 2010 and December 2019. Finally, 2567 older individuals were analyzed using multilevel modeling. The explanatory variables of interest were the frailty score measured using the KCL for each individual, where 0-3, 4-7, and ≥8 points denoted robustness, pre-frailty, and frailty, respectively. We considered age, sex, systolic blood pressure, pulse, duration of participation, and change in KCL score from baseline as possible confounders. Participants were classified as follows based on the duration of participation in the exercises: <3 times, short-term participation group; 4-6 times; mid-term participation group; and 7-13 times, long-term participation group. The mean duration from the baseline physical test for the total sample was 2.35 years (SD=2.51). RESULTS: The participants' mean total KCL score at baseline was 4.9±3.7. Multilevel modeling analysis revealed that the KCL scores changed by 0.82 points for each additional year of age (p<0.001) and changed by - 0.93 points for long-term participate group (p<0.001). The Estimated Marginal Means (EMM) of the KCL score was 3.98 (95%CI: 3.69, 4.28) points in the short-term participation group and was significantly worse than that of the long-term participation group at 70 years of age (p=0.001). The EMM was 4.49 (95%CI: 4.24, 4.74) at 75 years of age in the mid-term participation group and was significantly worse than that of the long-term participation group. The EMM was 3.87 (95%CI: 3.57, 4.16) in the long-term participation group and significantly better than that of the short-term (p<0.001) and mid-term (p=0.002) participation groups. CONCLUSION Participation in community-based group resistance exercises prolongs the transition from robustness to frailty. The improved KCL scores at baseline in the long-term participation group remained in the robust range at 75 years of age, which suggests the importance of initiating participation before the onset of functional decline.
Aged ; Checklist ; Cohort Studies ; Exercise Test ; Female ; Frailty/prevention & control* ; Humans ; Independent Living ; Japan/epidemiology* ; Male ; Resistance Training ; Retrospective Studies ; Social Participation