Objective:To explore the relationship among suicide risk,distress tolerance,and resilience in pa-tients with depression.Methods:A total of 130 patients with depression who met the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders,Fifth Edition(DSM-5)diagnostic criteria were included.The Chinese version of the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview(MINI)suicide module was used to assess suicide risk.According to the interview results,the patients with depression were divided into suicide risk group(98 cases)and non-suicide risk group(32 cases).The Hamilton Depression Rating Scale(HAMD),Distress Tolerance Scale(DTS),10-item Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale(CD-RISC-10)were used to assess severity of depressive symptoms,level of distress tolerance and resilience,respectively.Results:The DTS total scores were positively correlated with the CD-RISC-10 total scores(r=0.50,P＜0.01).The total scores of MINI suicide module were negatively correlated with the total scores of DTS and CD-RISC-10(r=-0.34,-0.34,Ps＜0.01).Distress tolerance had a direct effect on suicide risk(β=-0.26,P＜0.05),and resilience played a mediating effect on the relationship between distress tolerance and suicide risk(β=-0.13,P＜0.05),and the mediating effect accounted for 33.5％of the total effect.Conclusion:Patients with depression with lower levels of distress tolerance may have higher suicide risk,and resilience may play a partially mediating role in the relationship between distress tolerance and suicide risk.

Objective:To explore the relationship between anhedonia and suicidal ideation and the effects of anhedonia on suicidal ideation in patients with first-episode untreated depressive disorder.Methods:Totally 106 in-patients who met the diagnostic criteria for depressive disorder of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders,Fifth Edition(DSM-5)were invited to participate in the study.Anhedonia,depressive symptoms and sui-cidal ideation were assessed with the Snaith-Hamilton Pleasure Scale(SHAPS),Hamilton Depression Scale(HAMD)and Beck Scale for Suicide Ideation(BSI),respectively.If both items 4 and 5 of BSI were 0,it indicated non-suicidal ideation,the subjects were divided into a group of suicidal ideation(n=66)and a group non-suicidal ideation(n=40).Spearman correlation analysis and multivariate binary logistic regression analysis were used for a-nalysis.Results:The correlation between the scores of SHAPS and HAMD was not statistically significant(P＞0.05).The SHAPS scores were positively correlated with the BSI scores(r=0.70,P＜0.01).Meanwhile,binary logistic regression analysis showed that anhedonia was one of a risk factor for suicidal ideation(OR=2.34,95％CI:1.58-3.47,P＜0.001).Conclusion:It suggests that anhedonia maybe partially independent of other depres-sive symptoms and it is one of the risk factors for suicidal ideation in first-episode untreated patients with depressive disorder.

Objective:To elucidate the primary elements pertaining to the perception of relapse risk and to in-vestigate the characteristics and alterations of perception of the risk of recurrence in patients with schizophrenia.Methods:By using the method of phenomenological study,semi-structured in-depth interviews were conducted among schizophrenic patients with first onset,first recurrence and multiple recurrences.Twenty-three 23 outpatient and inpatient cases that met the criteria of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders,Fifth Edition(DSM-5)were included,and all patients had PANSS scores below 60.The interview data were collated and analyzed according to Colaizzi analysis.Results:The perception of recurrence risk in patients with schizophrenia en-compassed 4 major themes and 11 sub-themes,namely susceptibility(limited overall understanding,transition from optimism to objectivity),detection of early warning symptoms(dynamic escalation,assistance from family mem-bers in identification),understanding risk factors(lack of understanding,the relationship between psychosocial fac-tors and relapse,dynamic understanding of medication-relapse relationship),and apprehension of the consequences of recurrence(care burden and financial constraints,impaired social functioning and maladjustment,impact on pub-lic safety,personal health risks).Conclusion:The content of risk perception of recurrence in patients with schizo-phrenia is relatively substantial.The overall level of risk perception of recurrence in patients with schizophrenia is low.

This paper analyzes the literature on virtual reality(VR)technology interventions for autistic children published from 2014 to 2022.It shows that different VR systems in these studies have improved different symptoms of autism,and points out the feasibility of VR technology interventions for autistic children.

Objective:To explore the intolerable uncertainty level and its related factors in female patients re-ceiving in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer.Methods:A total of 503 female patients receiving in vitro fertiliza-tion and embryo transfer in a tertiary reproductive hospital in Shandong province were selected.Theywere assessed with a self-designed general information questionnaire,the Intolerance of Uncertainty scale-12(IUS-12),Fertility Problem Inventory(FPI,including social concern,sexual concern,relationship concern,need for parenthood,and re-jection of childfree lifestyle),and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale(HADS).Results:The score of IUS-12 was 28(13,60).Multiple stepwise regression analysis showed that having children,having anxiety symptoms,the scores of social concern,sexual concern and need for parenthood were positively associated with IUS-12 scores(β=0.11,0.19,0.21,0.13,0.25),and rejection of childfree lifestyle was negatively associated with IUS-12 scores(β=-0.18).Conclusion:It suggests that the unbearable uncertainty of women receiving in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer is related to whether they have children,social concerns,sexual concerns,need for parenthood,and rejection of childfree lifestyle.

Objective:To investigate the current situation of pregnancy distress and related factors in the third trimester of pregnancy,and explore its association with self-compassion and emotional inhibition.Methods:A total of 214 women in the third trimester of pregnancy were selected and measured the pregnancy pain,self-compassion and emotional depression levels of pregnant women in the third trimester with the Tilburg Pregnancy Pain Scale(TPDS),Self-Compassion Scale(SCS),and Emotional Suppression Scale(EIS).Results:The average score of pregnancy distress of 214 pregnant women in the third trimester was(26.7±4.9),with a medium level of pregnan-cy distress.Multiple linear regression analysis showed that the total scores of pregnancy distress in the third trimes-ter of pregnancy were negatively associated with the accompanying situation of the lover(β=-0.15,P＜0.05),the number of accompanying prenatal examinations(β=-0.24,P＜0.05)and the total scores of self-compassion(β=-0.12,P＜0.05),while positively correlated with gestational age(β=0.14,P＜0.05),complications(β=0.15,P＜0.05),and the total score of emotional suppression(β=0.17,P＜0.05).Conclusion:Pregnancy distress is common in pregnant women in the third trimester,which may be related to gestational age and complications,companionship of loved ones,number of accompanying prenatal examinations,self-compassion level and emotional inhibition.

Objective:To understand the emotional experiences of Intensive Care Unit(ICU)nurses facing pa-tient deaths,particularly those exhibiting signs of vicarious trauma.Methods:Employing a descriptive phenomeno-logical research design,sixteen ICU nurses with signs of vicarious trauma(scores above the theoretical median on the Disaster Responders Vicarious Trauma Questionnaire)were selected for in-depth interviews.The interviews fo-cused on their reference frameworks,self-capacities,resources,psychological needs,cognitive schemas,and image-ry.Data were analyzed using Colaizzi's seven-step methodology.Results:The emotional experiences of ICU nurses in the face of patient deaths were categorized into two themes,namely self-defense mechanisms under stress and e-motional exhaustion following prolonged exposure.The first theme includes unconscious temporary closures and personalized emotional reactions.The latter encompasses mirroring emotions of patients and their families,the sense of finality triggered by handling deceased bodies,feelings of helplessness in comforting families,unavoidable re-sponsibility,diminished sense of professional belonging,and strained family relationships.Conclusion:This study highlights the two-fold emotional impact on ICU nurses dealing with patient deaths,namely self-defense under stress and emotional exhaustion following prolonged immersion.

Objective:To describe the current situation of mental health service utilization of community pa-tients with five mental disorders in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region and provide reference for health education and formulating relevant policies.Methods:The multistage stratified sampling method with unequal probability was used to select a total of 12 315 community residents aged 18 and over in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region.Using Composite International Diagnostic Interview,mood disorders,anxiety disorders,substance use disorders,intermit-tent explosive disorders,and eating disorders,and health service utilization were investigated.Descriptive statistics was completed by single factor analysis method.Results:The lifetime rates of consultation and treatment of any mental disorder were 18.7％and 10.2％,respectively.The highest proportion of patients received treatment by non-medical professionals was 31.4％,followed by psychiatrists in psychiatric hospital or psychologists in general hospitals.Among the patients,1.1％of them received medication,and 2.5％received psychotherapy.Conclusion:The utilization rate of mental health services in community patients with five mental disorders is relatively low.It is necessary to conduct health education for medical help seeking properly.

Objective:To explorethe relationship between internet use and loneliness among the elderly,as well as the moderating role of physical health.Methods:Data from the 2018 China Longitudinal Aging Social Sur-vey(CLASS2018)were analyzed,including 8 260 older adults.Loneliness was measured withthe UCLA Loneliness Scale-3-item short version(UCLA-3),Internet use was measured with whether or not participants used the internet and for what purposes(Latent class analysis identified three types of internet users,namely multi-functional use group,communication group,and information acquisition group),and physical health was assessed with activities of daily living and chronic disease status.Results:Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that the elderly who used the internet had significantly lower scores on the loneliness scale than those who did not use the internet(β=-0.08).Multi-functional use group had significantly lower loneliness scores than information acquisition group and communication group(β=0.06,0.12).Two-way ANOVA found that physical health moderated the association be-tween internet use,internet use type,and loneliness(Ps＜0.05).Conclusion:Internet use helps the elderly to allevi-ate loneliness,and the use of multiple Internet functions has a cumulative effect on reducing loneliness.However,the relationship between internet use and loneliness among the elderly may vary depending on their physical health status.

Objective:To explore the relation of self-injury behavior to thyroid hormones and lipids in adoles-cent patients with depression.Methods:A total of 182 adolescent inpatients who met the diagnostic criteria for de-pression according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders,Fifth Edition(DSM-5)were en-rolled,including 38 cases with self-injurious behavior and 144 cases without self-injurious.The differences in vari-ous indicators between the two groups were compared,and logistic regression analysis was used to analyze factors related to self-injury in adolescents with depression.Results:The patients with self-injurious behavior had higher levels of total cholesterol and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C)compared to those without self-injuri-ous behavior(P＜0.05).They also had lower levels of free thyroxine compared to the group without self-injurious behavior(P＜0.05).Logistic regression analysis results showed that those with longer duration of disease(OR=1.03)and higher HDL-C levels(OR=12.75)were more likely to have self-injurious behaviors.Conclusion:Long duration of disease and high level of HDL-C may be risk factors for self-injurious behavior in adolescents with de-pression,while low level of free thyroxine may serve as a protective factor.