At present ,a variety of noninvasive detecting indexes for arteriosclerosis have been widely applied in clin‐ic , possess very meaningful ;each index reflects arterial structure and functional changes from different aspect ,and provides important evidence for early diagnosis and intervention of arteriosclerotic diseases .

Velocity vector imaging (VVI) can quantitatively detect biomechanical characteristics of myocardium and vascular wall based on the principle of speckle tracking , getting rid of the angular dependence of tissue Doppler ima‐ging (TDI) .It can distinguish myocardial segment movements ,observe cardiac twisting motion and discover early e‐lastic changes of vascular wall and evaluate stability of atherosclerotic plaques ,which possesses important signifi‐cance for differential diagnosis of early heart and vascular diseases .The present article made a review on application progress of VVI in cardiovascular diseases .

Recent related researches pointed out that a series of adverse reactions may occur when homocysteine (Hcy) level exceeded normal range .More and more studies indicated that Hcy level abnormal elevating was an inde‐pendent risk factor for cardiovascular diseases .This article summarized its related research situation .

Current researches indicate that transplanted BM‐MSCs accompanies massive death ,and its effect is unsat‐isfactory .The miRNAs are a class of small non‐coding single‐stranded RNA molecules ,involve therapeutic course of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell treating myocardial infarction in many respects .The present article made an o‐verview on effect of microRNAs in transplanted BM‐MSCs treating myocardial infarction via mainly illustrating bio‐logical function of microRNAs and its regulation effect on BM‐MSCs differentiation and paracrine secretion .

Pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) is a new ,effective and radical method to cure atrial fibrillation .Within a period after radiofrequency ablation (RFA) ,coagulation system is activated in patients ,then thrombus incident such as cerebral embolism may happen .The present article made a review on its mechanism .

Objective:To explore the application effect of seamless nursing in aged patients with coronary heart dis‐ease (CHD) .Methods :A total of 60 aged CHD patients ,who were hospitalized from Aug 2013 to Feb 2014 in our hospital ,were enrolled .The 60 patients were divided into seamless nursing group (n=30) and routine nursing group (n=30) .Seattle angina questionnaire (SAQ) was used to score all patients ;angina pectoris control condition and prognosis were compared between two groups .Results:Compared with routine nursing group ,there were significant rise in anginal stability [ (78.25 ± 9.42) scores vs .(89.14 ± 10.38) scores] ,anginal frequency [ (85.13 ± 11.57) scores vs .(93.24 ± 12.58) scores] and disease perception [ (58.52 ± 12.36) scores vs .(72.16 ± 14.57) scores] of SAQ scores in seamless nursing group , P<0.05 all;and significant reductions in incidence rates of adverse cardio‐vascular events ,including angina pectoris (20.0% vs .10.0% ) ,recurrent myocardial infarction (6.7% vs .0) and heart failure (10.0% vs .0) after discharge in seamless nursing group , P<0.05 all .Conclusion:Seamless nursing can provide continuous and scientific nursing service for patients with coronary heart disease ,which contributes to angina pectoris control and improving prognosis .

Objective:To explore effect for isoproterenol rising detection rate of paroxysmal supraventricular tachy‐cardia by transesophageal atrial pacing (TEAP) .Methods :A total of 85 patients with suspected PSVT attack history received routine TEAP ( basic stimulate ) ,for those failed to evoke PSVT ,they received additional intravenous infusion of isoproterenol to make heart rate rise to 120 beats/min ,then TEAP was repeated .Results :Routine TEAP evoked PSVT in 29 cases (34.1% ,29/85) ;among the remaining 56 cases un - evoked PSVT ,after intravenous infusion of isoproterenol PSVT was evoked in 54 cases (96.4% ,54/56) by TEAP ,and this detection rate was significantly higher than that of routine TEAP (96.4% vs .34.1% , P = 0.039) .Conclusion :Intravenous infusion of isoproterenol can greatly raise the detection rate of paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia by transesophageal atrial pacing .

Objective:To explore the relationship between abnormal ECG J wave and in‐hospital prognosis in patients with acute ST -segment elevation myocardial infarction (ASTEMI) .Methods :ECG and related clinical data of 204 ASTEMI patients ,who received emergency percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in our hospital from Jan 2007 to Dec 2012 ,were retrospectively analyzed .According to the presence of abnormal J wave or not ,patients were di‐vided into abnormal J wave group (n= 82 ,occupied 40.2% ,82/204) and no abnormal J wave group (n= 122 , 59.8% ,122/204) .Single‐and multiple‐factor Logistic regression analysis were used to analyze risk factors of in -hospital death .Results:During hospitalization ,incidence rate of sustained ventricular tachycardia/fibrillation in pa‐tients with abnormal ECG J waves was significantly higher than those without abnormal J waves (9.8% vs .1.6% , P=0.008) , but among the 12 cases (5.9% ) of cardiac deaths ,only six cases had abnormal J waves .Logistic regres‐sion analysis indicated that abnormal ECG J wave cannot predict in‐hospital death of ASTEMI patients (OR=0.99 , 95% CI :0.34~ 2.90 , P= 0.987) ,while age can be regarded as an independent predictor factor for in‐hospital prognosis of these patients (OR = 1.08 ,95% CI :1.01 ~ 1.15 , P= 0.02) .Conclusion:For ASTEMI patients , though the incidence rate of sustained ventricular tachycardia/fibrillation in abnormal J wave group is significantly higher than those of without abnormal J waves group during hospitalization ,but abnormal ECG J waves cannot pre‐dict short-term prognosis of these patients .

Objective:To study influence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) on coronary artery lesion and plaque sta‐bility using optical coherence tomography (OCT) in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) manifesting unsta‐ble angina pectoris (UAP) . Methods :A total of 200 patients diagnosed as CAD manifesting UAP were selected.According to complicated with diabetes mellitus or not ,they were divided into normal blood glucose group (n=98) and complicated T2DM group (T2DM group ,n=102). Coronary angiography (CAG) and OCT were used to eval‐uate coronary artery lesion ,assess plaque nature and measure the thickness of plaque fibrous cap in order to confirm plaque stability . Results:Compared with normal blood glucose group ,there were significant rise in percentages of multi-vessel coronary disease (48.98% vs. 78.43% ) ,severe artery stenosis (20.57% vs. 40.21% ) ,lipid plaques (25.00% vs. 39.84% ) and plaques with fibrous cap thickness <65μm (25.93% vs. 45.24% ) in T2DM group , P<0.05 or < 0.01 .Conclusion :Patients with coronary artery disease have more severe coronary artery lesion and high ‐ er incidence rate of multi‐vessel coronary disease and unstable plaque when complicated with type 2 diabetes mellitus .

Objective:To explore the relationship between angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) gene insertion/dele‐tion (I/D) polymorphism and familial essential hypertension (EH) .Methods :Fluorescent in situ hybridization stai‐ning DNA sequencing test was used to detect ACE gene I/D genotype frequency and allele frequency in 46 familial EH patients (familial EH group) ,64 EH patients without family history (non‐familial EH group) and 43 healthy people (healthy control group) .Results:In healthy control group ,non -familial EH group ,familial EH group ACE gene DD genotype frequency was 11.6% ,32.3% and 37.0% ;distribution frequency of D allele was 33.7% , 52.3% and 57.6% respectively .Compared with healthy control group ,there were significant rise in ACE gene DD genotype and D allele frequency in familial EH group and non -familial EH group (P<0.05 or <0.01) ,but there were no significant difference between familial EH group and non‐familial EH group (P>0.05) .Conclusion:ACE gene DD genotype and D allele may be genetic predisposing genes of patients with essential hypertension ,and there is no significant difference in genetic constituent ratio between familial EH patients and non‐familial EH patients .