Measurements were made through underwater weighing on the body compo-sition of 40 ordinary male students (Group 1) and another 50 majoring inphysical education (Group 2). Two simple equations were worked out forestimating the percentage of fat with figures of their skinfolds and circum-ferences. The average percentage of fat and lean body weight were found to be11.76% and 54.3 kg respectively for Group 1, and 9.83% and 59.7 kg forGroup 2. With F standing for the percentage of fat, t for triceps skinfold and s forsuprailiac skinfold, the equation derived from Group 1 was F=2.44523 +0.99009t + 0.46426s, and that derived from Group 2 was F=1.16283t+0.54526s--0.21702 In underwater weighing, the mean percentage of fat was 9.70 ? 2.19 with anormal amount of inhaled air and 9.24 ? 2.46 with a maximal amount. Theinsignificant difference indicates that the normal inhalation method is wor-kable and more acceptable to the subjects.

Objective: To investigate the effects of soy hydrolysed peptides supplementation on small intestinal morphology and nitrogen absorption in rats,and illustrate the characteristic of absorption on soy hydro? lysed peptides supplementation in small intestinal. Methods: 30 male SD rats were randomly divided into three groups: Placebo group (water supplemented, Pla group); Isolated soy protein-supplemented group (Pro group); Soy hydrolysed peptides-supplemented group (Pep group). After one week meals adaptation, Metabolic test had done, small intestinal morphology, and the activity of aminopeptidase were determined. Results: (2) The content of intestinal epithelial protein in Pep group increased 48.60% than Pro group, and increased 91.37% than Pla group (P

Objective The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of exercise training on cardiac function and automatic nervous activity in patients with coronary artery disease(CAD) following PTCA or intracoronary stent implantation. Methods For this study, 37 CAD patients (28 men and 9 women; aged 56.23 ?11.16 years) participated in a supervised 8-week training program with 35 healthy controls(27 men and 8 women; aged 55.72 ?10.34 years). Cardiac function was assessed with indexes obtained during exercise testing using the standard Bruce protocol (submaximal gradural treadmill exercise) before and after 8 weeks training. Meanwhile, heart rate variability (HRV) was used to value the automatic nervous activity. Results After 8 weeks, the margin between maximal HR and resting HR (△HR=HR max-HR resting) was significantly broader (P

Objective The purpose of this study was to compare the functional and morphological changes in the cervical spine with protrusion of cervical disc (PCD) under different directions of traction. Methods MRI scanning was used to study the effect of different directions of traction on the movement of protrusive disc，compression index of spinal cord and changes of intervetebral space,as well as the cases with degeneration. Results　Differences were found in the effect of different directions of traction. Most significant partial reduction of the protrusive disc was experienced in flexion traction. Both flexion and extension traction caused significant decrease in the index of compression of spinal cord. Extension traction caused marked narrowing of the posterior intervertebral space in the group with decreased disc size,while no difference between the groups with and without decreased disc size when given flexion traction. There was no difference in the anterior intervertebral space between the two directions of traction. No morphological change was observed in cases with degeneration using either direction of traction. Conclusion PCD could caused the change in the fine morphology of normal vertebral joints. The traction direction should be chosen according to the condition of the individual case. The compression index could better reflect the nature of spinal cord injury than the size of the disc protrusion. Traction would not give much benefit in cases with degeneration.

To study the effect of exercise on gene expression of natriuretic peptide receptors (NPRs) in the heart, using immunofluorescent method, in situ hybridization, laser confocal scanning microscopy and the technique of computer image analysis, the distribution of NPRs in the heart and the alterations of gene expression of NPRs on the animal model of different training intensity were investigated. The result showed that NPRs located mainly in the endocardium, the sarcolemma of myocardial fiber, the connective tissue around myocardial fiber and the wall of coronary artery branch. After moderate and heavy exercise training, the gene expression of natriuretic peptide receptor-A (NPR-A) upregulated and natriuretic peptide clearance receptor (NPR-C) downregulated, whereas the gene expression of NPR-A downregulated and NPR-C upregulated after exhaustive exercise.

Objective To study the injury mechanism, diagnosis and therapy of traumatic dislocation of the peroneal tendons. Methods 18 cases with traumatic dislocation of the peroneal tendons were operated in our institute from 1986 to 2000. The mechanism of injury and clinical findings were investigated. 2 cases with acute dislocation were operated by suturing the peroneal retinaculum directly. 16 cases with recurrent dislocation were treated with Watson-Jones operation. Results 10 cases with recurrent dislocation were follow-up from 1 year to 15 years with an average of 6.2 years. Only one recurrence due to ankle sprain was found and the other 9 cases had no more dislocation and returned to sports without symptom.Conclusion Traumatic dislocation of the peroneal tendons can be caused by the injury of ankle joint in three positions:dorsiflexsion and eversion, dorsiflexsion and inversion, plantflexsion and inversion. Anti-resistant test of dorsiflexsion and eversion may help diagnosis. Watson-Jones operation has the advantages of simple to apply, minor trauma and sound clinical outcome.

Objective To evaluate the clinical effectiveness of bipolar radio frequency tightening elongated ACL and PCL under arthroscopy.Methods From July 2001 to September 2003, twenty-two patients (average age 28, 19～36 years old; 18 males and 4 females; 15 right knees and 7 left; 9 from sports injury, 7 from traffic accident and 6 by sprain injury) with symptomatic laxity and confirmed elongation with rupture of structure were operated with bipolar radio frequency thermal shrinkage under arthroscopy. The average duration till operation was 6 months from injure. After operation, the patients started functional rehabilitation with protection of unlimited knee orthosis for 12 weeks. Results Twenty cases were follow-up for 4 to 22 months with average of 6 months. Lysholm score from 35.9 preoperation increased to 88.5 postoperation. Most patients had significant improvement in stability and function of knee join(excellent in 12,good in 4 and fair in 2). Conclusion Bipolar radio frequency could be applied to tighten elongated cruciate ligament of continuous structure and avoid potential revision and reconstruction in some cases.

To study the effect of different exercise intensities on cardiac endocrine function, with radioimmunoassay, immunohistochemistry and the technique of computer image analysis, the level of plasma ANP and the expression of ANP in myocardial cells of rats with different training intensities were investigated. The result showed that with the increasing of exercise intensity,the level of ANP in plasma increased progressively, the expression of ANP in myocardial cells increased remarkably after moderate and heavy exercise training while it decreased remarkably after exhaustive exercise training. Results suggested that different exercise intensities revealed different effects on adaptation of cardiac endocrine function.

Objective: To determine the overlapping area of the femoral condyle facet on which the patellofemoral and tibiofemoral joint surfaces move and to measure the pressures on such area in order to better design the length of femoral trochlea prosthesis in patellofemoral arthroplasty. Methods: Eight fresh cadaver knees were mounted on Instron 8501 biomechanics tester,and simulated physiologically weight-bearing situation of knee from standing to flexion position. Such overlapping area was drawed up with stain method and the contact pressures were measured with Fuji pressure film. Results: There existed an overlapping contact area on the femoral condyle facet within the patellofemoral contact area when knee flexion was 75? or larger. The tibiofemoral contact pressure was higher than the patellofemoral pressure in the area. Conclusion: The femoral trocher prosthesis should cover the whole contact area of patellofemoral joint.

Objective In order to probe the possible biomechanical mechanism of lumbar vertebral injuries, we studied the nonlinear stress distribution on lumbar vertebrae at 1500N axial compression force and 15Nm bending moments during hambar flexion, extension, lateral bending and axial torsion using an available nonlinear finite element (FE) model of functional spine unit. Methods Three-dimensional nonlinear FE model was created based on CT data of L3-L4 motion segment. The segment mechanical responses to different loadings were evaluated by the range of disc bulging, the stress level of fibrousrings, facet loadings and equivalent stress distribution of posterior structure. Results Compression and flexion induced disc bulging in anterior region, whereas extension and lateral bending induced disc bulging posteriorly and posterolaterally. Axial torsion caused not only higher unilateral facet stress but also the concentrated stress on posteroleteral fibrousrings stress. The loadings in extension and axial compression were lower than in torsion but higher than in lateral bending and anterior flexion. Higher equivalent stress was found when compression and extension loadings were applied to the pedicle of vertebral arch and interarticularis. Conclusion Intervertebral disc beared higher compressive than tensile. The posterolateral regions of lumbar vertebrae were prone to be deformity and at higher risk of fibrousring failure. Stress failure could be occured when facets were overloaded with axial torsion,extension and extension force due to the importance of facets during lumbar movement.