This paper shows the influence of naloxone injected into the lateral ventricle of brain on the SMAO (superior mesenteric artery occlusion) shock in rabbits as well as the electric activity of sympathetic nerve in the course of shock.This experiment in 40 rabbits proved that the electric activity of the sympathetic nerve in the naloxone group was more enhanced and the duration was much longer than the control group after loosing the occuiation. From these it is clear that the central activity of the sympathetic nerve is related to the reversal effect of naloxone on shock. However the blood pressure in the group of naloxone could be maintained at a higher level and much longer after the electric activity of the sympathetic nerve had decreased. As a result, it may be inferred that there are still other factors contributing to the blood pressure, beside the regulation by the tonicity of sympathetic nerve. The significant extension of survival time in the naloxone group fully explained that naloxone played an important role in revering SMAO shock. Therefore naloxone is valuable in clinical treatment.

Using the average technique of the electronic computer, we recorded the somatosensory evoked Potentials (SEPs) by electrical stimulation of median nerve (MN) and posterior tibial nerve (PTN) in twenty-three normal subjects and twenty-five diabetic patients. The peak latencies of SEPs components were prolonged, and the afferent conduction velocities of MN and PTN were reduced in most patients. In some patients, the central conduction time (N13-N20 and P40-N80 conduction time) was prolonged. Besides, there was a significant change in the shape of triphasal potentials recorded from Erb's point.and popliteal fossa. These results suggest: there not only was abnormality of conductive function of peripheralnerves, but also, the conductive function of central nervous system might be involved in diabetes mellitus.

The effect of droxicainide was investigated in a rabbit model of myocardial ischemia and reperfusion. The rabbits were randomized to either a saline-treated control group (n=18) or a droxieainide-treated group (n=11). In the control group, the incidence of ventricular fibrillation after coronary ligation was 14/18 (77.7%) and nine died (64.3%). Ventricular fibrillation occurred in eight (72.7%) droxieainide treated rabbits, but all reverted spontaneously (P

24hr after partial hepatectomy, the isolated remnant liver of rat was perfused to study the effects of several factors on the ability of amino acid intake. The results were as follows: (1). Twenty-four hours after operation the hepatic uptakes of amino acid increased in the hepatectomized groups. The ability of enhanced amino acid uptake by remnant liver depended on hepatic protein synthesis. In a certain range of hepatectomy there was a positive correlation between the amounts of liver which had been cut off and the amounts of amino acid uptake by remnant liver. (2). The addition of insulin alone to the perfusate could stimulate amino acid uptakes by remnant liver and the addition of glucagon alone had no effect. But, when insulin was added to the perfusate in combination with glucagon the hepatic uptake of amino acid was much higher. (3). The extract from regenerating rat liver rather than that from normal adult rat liver may contain certain factor(s) which can stimulate amino acid uptakes by remnant liver.

Fever model induced by endogenous pyrogen was used to study the effect of needling "Bai hui" point on fever. 126 rabbits served as experimental animal. The present experiment was divided into three parts: Ⅰ. Ⅱ. (injection of pyrogen)and Ⅲ. (no injection), and each part was redivided into experimental (needling "Bai hui" point or "non-channel point) and control (no needling) groups.The findings were: (1) In febrile rabbits induced by endogenous pyrogen, needling "Bai hui" points had significant febrifugal effect, i.e, inhibiting the rise of body temperature, increasing the amplitude of defervescence and accelerating the febrifugal rate. (2) In febrile rabbits, needling "non-channel points" had no marked febrifugal effect, i. e. showing the rise of body temperature, after that, accelerating the febrifugal rate. (3) On body temperature of healthy rabbits, needling "Bai hui" points hnd no hignificant effect.

AIM: To investigate the effects of Src family kinases (SFKs) on adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP)-induced long-term potentiation (LTP) in the spinal dorsal horn. METHODS: Male Sprague-Dawley rats (250-280 g) were used in the experiments. Western blotting, electrophysiological recording in spinal dorsal horn in vivo and immunohistochemistry were used in the study. The C-fiber-evoked field potentials were recorded at the superficial layers of spinal dorsal horn at the lumbar enlargement and the phosphorylation level and location of SFKs in spinal dorsal horn were examined by Western blotting and immunohistochemistry. RESULTS: Thirty min and 60 min after ATP application, the levels of phosphorylated SFKs (p-SFKs) were significantly increased.The p-SFKs were expressed in microglia, but not in astrocytes or neurons. Spinal application of SFK inhibitors prevented ATP-induced LTP. CONCLUSION: Microglial SFKs may play an important role in ATP-induced LTP of C-fiber evoked field potentials in the spinal dorsal horn.

AIM: To determine the effect of exogenous phosphocreatine (PCr) at different concentrations on transient outward potassium (Ito) current in rat ischemic ventricular mid-myocardial (M) cells and to explore the antiarrhythmia mechanism in the treatment of ischemic heart disease. METHODS: M cells were isolated enzymatically from left ventricular mid-myocardium of rats. Peak Ito current was recorded by patch-clamp technique in the whole-cell configuration when M cells were superfused with normal Tyrode solution,simple ischemic solution,and simulated ischemic solution containing PCr at concentrations of 5,10,20 and 30 mmol/L for 10 min. RESULTS: Peak Ito current density of M cells superfused with simple simulated ischemic solution was significantly reduced by (76.1±6.3)% (P<0.05) compared with M cells superfused with Tyrode solution. Ischemic solution containing 5,10,20 and 30 mmol/L PCr reduced peak Ito current density by (57.1±9.6)% (P<0.05),(40.3±10.3)% (P<0.05),(34.3±9.6)% (P<0.05) and (32.1±10.6)% (P<0.05),respectively. There was statistical difference among ischemic solution without PCr and containing PCr at concentrations of 5 and 10 mmol/L groups (P<0.05). No statistical difference among groups of 10,20 and 30 mmol/L PCr was observed (P>0.05). CONCLUSION: PCr reverses the inhibition of Ito current under ischemic condition in M cells,which may be the mechanism responsible for arrhythmia prevention in ischemic heart disease. PCr at concentrations of 0～10 mmol/L exerts significant dose-effect relationship.

AIM: To investigate the role of N-cadherin in the delamination of neural crest cells. METHODS: The normal expression of N-cadherin in neural tube was identified using in situ hybridization. The cells with N-cadherin over expression were obtained by transfection of wild-type N-cadherin (wt-N-cadherin) ,and the cells with N-cadherin silencing expression were obtained by transfection of dominant-negative N-cadherin (dn-N-cadherin). The migration of cranial neural crest cells was determined by the technique of immunohistochemistry. RESULTS: Either overexpression or down-regulation of N-cadherin significantly affected the migration of cranial neural crest cells. CONCLUSION: Delamination and migration of the cranial neural crest cells rely on the relative N-cadherin expression in the neural tube during neurulation.

To investigate the effects of low dosage of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibitor Nc-nitro -L-arginine methyl ester ( L-NAME) in two-week treatment on the hyperdynamic circulatory state in rats with cirrhosis. METHODS: Cirrhosis model was induced in male SD rats by injection of 60 % CCL4 oily solution subcutaneously. Cirrhotic rats were treated with L-NAME ( 0.5 mg·kg-1·d-1) by gavage for two weeks. Mean arterial pressure ( AP ), portal pressure(PP), cardiac output ( CO ), cardiac index ( CI ), splanchnic vascular resistance ( SVR ), splanchnic blood flow(SBF) and serum nitrite levels were determined in L-NAME-treated, L-NAME-untreated cirrhotic rats and controls by using 57Co-labled microsphere technique and a fluorometric assay, respectively. RESULTS: Untreated cirrhotic rats had significantly lower MAP, SVR and higher PP, CO, CI, SBF and nitrite concentration than those of the controls (all,P< 0.01 ). In treated cirrhotic rats, L-NAME significantly attenuated the increase of CO, CI, SBF, nitrite concentration and the decrease of MAP and SVR. In treated cirrhotic rats, L-NAME induced a marked decrease of nitrite concentration than untreated cirrhotic rats[(1.471±0.907)μmol/L vs (4.204±1.253) μmol/L, P<0.01]. CONCLUSION: The endogenous NO may play an important role in the changes of hemodynamics pattern in cirrhosis, and hyperdynamic circulatory state in rats with cirrhosis can be ameliorated by oral two-week administration of lower dose of L-NAME.

AIM: To investigate the effects of exogenous L - carnitine on lipid metabolism in semi - starved rats fed on high fat diet. METHODS: The semi - starved rats were restricted half in calorie intake on high fat diet for 2 week. L - carnitine was supplied at dose of 250 mg/kg· bw. The changes of plasma carnitine concentration, urinary excretion of ketone body, serum lipase activity, muscle carnitine palmitoyl transferase activity, triglyceride secretion and clearance rate were measured. RESULTS: The results showed that the concentration of plasma free camitine increased significantly in carnitine supplemented rats compared to normal and semi - starved rats. The activities of muscle carnitine palmitoyhransferase and serum lipase were significantly enhanced in carnitine supplemented rats. The triglyceride secretion rate (TGSR) was also improved remarkably by carnitine supplementation. Meanwhile, the urinary excretion of ketone body was reduced significantly in carnitine supplemented rats compared to semi - starved rats. CONCLUSION: It is concluded that carnitine supplementation can significantly increase the plasma concentration of free carnitine and accelerate the lipid metabolism in semi - starved rats fed on high fat diet.