ObjectiveTo explore the inhibitory effects of r-k4k5 on retinal neovascularization.MethodsEighty-eight one-week-old C57BL/6J mice were put into the environment with 75% oxygen for 5 days to establish models of vascular proliferation retinopathy. One eye of each mouse received an intravitreal injection of 500 ng of r-k4k5 (large-dosage group) and of 250 ng of r-k4k5(small-dosage group), and the same volume of BSS was injected into the other eye of the mice both in these two groups as a control. The ADPase histochemical staining was used for retinal flatmount to observe changes of retinal vessels. The inhibitory effects of r-k4k5 on retinal neovascularization were evaluated by counting the endotheliocyte nuclei of new vessels extending from retina to vitreous in the tissue-slice.ResultsRegular distributions and reduced density of retinal blood vessels in eyes in the treatment group were found in retinal flatmount. The number of the endotheliocyte nuclei of new vessels extending from retina to vitreous was less in the eyes in the treatment group than which in control group (P

ObjectiveTo analyze the protective effects of heat-shock response on the retinae of the rats after retinal ischemic reperfusion injury. MethodTwenty Wistar rats (20 eyes) were divided into 4 groups: intracameral perfusion group (group P), intracameral perfusion after quercetin injection group (group P+Q), intracameral perfusion after heat shock group (group P+H), and intracameral perfusion after quercetin injection and heat shock group (group P+Q+H). According to the standard program established by International Society for Clinical Visual Electrophysiology, we recorded the results of the dark-adapted electroretinogram (D-ERG),oscillatory potentials (OPs),and light-adapted ERG (L-ERG) of the rats with intraocular hypertension after induced by heat shock response. The expressions of HSP 70 of the rats in all groups were observed by Western blotting.ResultsThe expression of HSP 70 of the rats in group P+H was the highest in all groups, but the expressions of HSP70 in group P+Q and P+Q+H were inhibited significantly. The amplitudes of a and b wave of ERG and O 2 wave of OPs decreased, and the delitescence of them were delayed significantly in rats after intracameral perfusion. The amplitude of b wave of D-ERG and O 2 wave of OPs in group P+H were higher than which in group P. Zero hour after perfusion, the amplitudes of all waves in group P+H increased significantly (P

ObjectiveTo investigate the effects of epidermal growth factor (EGF),fibroblast growth factor(FGF), and bovine serum on proliferation and apoptosis of the cultured fetal human retinal cells.MethodsEGF and FGF were added or not to the medium of fetal human retinal cells cultured by bovine serum in vitro. The number of cells, bromodeoxyuridine(BrdU) incorporation and Tdt-mediated dUTP nick end labelling(TUNEL) were detected to determine the proliferation and apoptosis. Immunohistochemical staining of neuron specific enolase(NSE), Thy1.1, glial fibrillary acidic protein(GFAP) and scan electromicroscopy were performed to identify cell components. The expression of transcription factor c-fos, c-jun and apoptosis regulation factor bcl-2 and Bax were examined by immunohistochemical staining to explore the underlying mechanism.ResultsThe increased number of NSE and Thy1.1 positive cells and BrdU incorporation, and decreased apoptotic cells were found in the groups treated with EGF and FGF. Meanwhile, the up-regulation of c-fos, c-jun and bcl-2 were also found.ConclusionEGF and FGF can promote the survival and proliferation of cultured retinal cells by up-regulating the expression of c-fos, c-jun and bcl-2.

ObjectiveTo investigate the expression of costimulatory molecules, Fas/FasL, and major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-class Ⅱ antigens in normal ocular tissues.MethodsTwelve eyes were obtained from the eye bank of Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center within 16 to 24 hours postmortem. Six eyes were used for making the retinal wholemounts, and the tissues (iris and ciliary body, choroid, and retina) of the others were used for making the frozen sections. Immunohistochemical staining was carried out on these retinal wholemounts as well as on tissue sections to investigate the exprenion of B7-1 and B7-2 (costimulatory molecules), HLA-DR(MHC class Ⅱ), CD68 (macrophages), Fas/FasL.ResultsThe results of immunohistochemical staining showed the presence of B7-2, FasL, CD68 and HLA-DR in the iris and ciliary body. Expression of B7-1, FasL, CD68, and HLA-DR was found in the choroid while HLA-DR, CD68 and FasL were detectable in the retina.ConclusionExpression of costimulatory molecules, MHC-class Ⅱ molecules and molecules related to apoptosis is different in the iris, ciliary body, choroid, and retina, which may play an important role in the stability of the immunological microenvironment of these tissues.

ObjectiveTo evaluate the retinal function with central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC) and the fellow eyes (mf-ERG).MethodsTwenty patients (40 eyes) with unilateral CSC, diagnosed by fluorescein angiography, were examined on each eye of the patients by mf-ERG multifocal electroretinography. The patients aged from 31 to 53 (13 men, 7 women; mean age, 41 years), and the CSC eyes had visual acuities of 0.2 to 0.8. None of the patients had significant abnormality in the fellow eyes with visual acuities of 0.8 to 1.5. Twenty-four healthy people (29 normal eyes with visual acuities of 1.0 and more and without any retinal diseases) were studied simultaneously as the normal control. The stimulus matrix of 61 hexagonal elements were grouped into 5 concentric rings from the fovea outward to 30? of the degree of visual field. The first-order responses of mf-ERG were recorded. The first negative wave (N 1-wave) and positive wave (P-wave) of the mf-ERG were measured. Amplitude intensities and latechies for the two configurations were calculated and compared.ResultsCompared with the control eyes, the responses were not only depressed severely in P 1- and N 1-wave amplitude intensities in the ring 1~3 in the CSC eyes with CSC (P0.05). There were no significant differences in N 1- and P 1-wave latencies in 5 concentric rings among the control eyes, the fellow eyes or the CSC eyes.ConclusionsCSC is a kind of macular disease involving both eyes. It may cause the decrease of retinal function in macular area of CSC eyes and also influence the retinal function in macular area of the fellow eyes. mf-ERG is a sensitive way in examining visual function.

ObjectiveTo evaluate the diagnosis of blue-on-yellow perimetry and macular threshold perimetry in early primary glaucoma. MethodsHumphrey Ⅱ-750 automatic perimetry was used to test 60 eyes of 60 cases in normal control group and 63 eyes of 63 cases in early primary glaucoma group with white-on-white perimetry (W/W), blue-on-yellow perimetry (B/Y), and macular threshold perimetry (MTP). The results of the visual field defects detected by the three perimetries were compared and analyzed.ResultsThe differences of mean sensibility of W/W, B/Y and MTP between the two groups had statistical significance [t=-3.01, P=0.005 4 (W/W); t=-2.95, P=0.006 3 (B/Y); t=-2.59,P=0.015 0 (MTP)]. In the diagnosis of early primary glaucoma, the sensitivity of MTP was the highest (83%), B/Y was the second (65%), and W/W was the lowest (48%). When B/Y and MTP were combined, the sensitivity was improved to 94% using parallel testing, and the specificity was improved to 87% using serial testing. ConclusionsB/Y and MTP are valuable in diagnosis of early primary glaucoma, and the sensitivity and specificity of the diagnosis can be improved when B/Y and MTP are combined.

ObjectiveTo observe the effect of the treatment of neodymium-yttrium aluminum garne (Nd:YAG) vitreolysis for the anterior vitreous opacity after implantation of intraocular lens.MethodsForty-nine eyes of 47 patients with the anterior vitreous opacity after implantation of intraocular lens received the slit lamp examination, optical coherence tomography (OCT), and B-scan. The anterior vitreolysis and posterior capsulotomy were performed simultaneously with Nd:YAG laser. The outcomes of visual acuitiy changes and complications were studied. ResultsIn 49 eyes, 46 had anterior vitreous opacity associated with posterior capsule opacification, and the other 3 without obvious posterior capsule opacification. In all patients, the visual acuity improved significantly without any complications after the laser procedure (t=32.50, P=0.007). After Nd:YAG laser treatmen, transparent area was found in anterior opaque vitreous in 21 eyes (42.86%) within 15 minutes, and in 47 eyes (95.92%) within 24 hours. No complication occured in or after the operation. ConclusionsIn the patients with visual deterioration after implantation of intraocular lens, the prescence of anterior vitreous opacity should be concerned. Opening the opaque anterior vitreous with Nd:YAG vitreolysis is effective for the patients with the anterior vitreous opacity after implantation of intraocular lens.

ObjectiveTo evaluate the effect of the treatment of diode laser for retinopathy of prematuriy (ROP). MethodsSix-eight premature infants, with the gestation

ObjectiveTo investigate the etiological factors of endophthalmitis and evaluate the outcomes of vitrectomy for endophthalmitis.MethodsFrom January 1999 to December 2001, 53 consecutive patients (54 eyes ), 38 men and 15 women, diagnosed as endophthalmitis were retrospectively evaluated. The patients′ ages ranged from 1 year to 74 years (mean 32 years). Two patients (2 eyes) with mild inflammation received antibiotic medication therapy, 5 patients (5 eyes) with no light perception and severe inflammation underwent evisceration, and the other 46 patients (47 eyes) underwent pars plana vitrectomy. Postoperative follow-up ranged from 2 to 32 months (mean 10.5 months). ResultsEndophthalmitis was diagnosed as resulting from penetrating injury in 32 eyes (59.26%), endogenous endophthalmitis in 8 eyes (14.81%), cataract surgery in 7 eyes (12.96%), glaucoma surgery in 2 eyes (3.70%), vitrectomy in 3 eyes (5.56%), radial keratotomy in 1 eye (1.85%), and unknown reason in 1 eye (1.85%). The postoperative visual acuities (VA) of these patients increased significantly (P=0.003). The VA of the patients underwent vitrectomy in 3 days was obviously better than those after 3 days (P=0.014), and the VA of the patients underwent vitrectomy in 7 days was obviously beter than those after 7 days (P=0.021). Thirty-seven eyes (68.52%) had functional success (VA≥0.02), 47 eyes (87.04%) had anatomical success (VA

ObjectiveTo investigate the correlation factors of macular pucker after vitrectomy, and compare the surgical effect between secondary and idiopathic epiretinal macular membrane.MethodsA study of 26 consecutive patients (26 eyes), in which 18 were diagnosed as secondary epiretinal macular membranes and 8 as idiopathic epiretinal macular membranes, underwent par plana vitrectomy, vitreous cortex separation, and peeling off of the epiretinal macular membrane. The follow-up period was within 3~12 months. Preoperative and postoperative examination included visual acuity, fundus photography, and optical coherence tomography in some patients.ResultsAmong the 18 patients with secondary epiretinal macular membranes, 9 (50.0%) were related to vitreous surgery. There was statistical difference between cryoretinopexy to giant retinal tear and endolaser (?2=12.24,P