Objective To observe the effect of hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) on mineral density and biomechanics of new-formed bone in distraction gap.Methods The mandibles were subjected to osteotomy and distractors were placed bilaterly in 30 rabbits,which were divided randomly into 2 groups.After 5 days for latency,the mandibles were distracted at a rate of 0.8 mm/day for 10 days,and then for consolidation.After surgery,group A received HBOT with daily distraction,whereas group B only distracted without HBOT served as control group.The animals in groups A and B were sacrificed 1 wk,2 wk,4 wk of consolidation,respectively.The mandibles were harvested and subjected to examination for new bone formation,and bone mineral density (BMD) and biomechanics of newly formed bone in the distraction gap.Results At one week of consolidation,no significant differences were observed between the BMD of newly formed bone in the two groups (P＞0.05);however,at the other time points,BMD of newly formed bone in group A was significantly higher than that in group B (P＜0.05).Moreover,at 4 weeks of consolidation,the strength,maximum fragile energy and modulus of elasticity of newly formed bone in group A were significantly higher than those in group B (P＜0.05).Conclusions The results suggest that HBOT improves mineral density and strength of new formed bone in distraction gap.

Objective To observe the effects of traditional Chinese medicine aqueous extract on acne vulgaris models of rabbit's ear.We observed the medical effects of traditional Chinese medicine aqueous on rabbit's ear acne vulgaris models.Methods 7 twelve-week's old male rabbits were selected to establish acne vulgaris models by Kligman method.Coal tar was daubed at the opening of rabbits' ears tubes about 2 cm × 2 cm areas by the frequency of once a day for two weeks.Then 50 μl bacterial suspension of the propionibacterium acnes was subcutaneously injected into each ear of rabbit at the seventh day which concentration of propionibacterium acnes was 1.0)× 108 CFU/ml.14 ears of rabbits were divided into 7 groups randomly after the molds were finished,two ears per group.6 group ears of rabbits were daubed with TCM aqueous extract respectively,while the last group was daubed with physiological saline on one ear and fusidic acid cream on the other one,once a day.At last,the treatment effects and adverse reactions were observed respectively on the 7th day,15th day and 21st day.Results The sWollen rabbits' ears were reclined and even disappeared in groups with six kinds of TCM aqueous extract after 7 days;the local hair follicles corneous plugs became flattened,pimples and comedos reduced in groups with aqueous extract of Cortex phellodendri,Scutellaria baicalensis and Rhubarb.Conclusions Aqueous extracts of Cortex phellodendri,Scutellaria baicalensis,Rhubarb,Sophora flavescens,Honeysuckle and Forsythia have therapeutical effects on rabbifs ear acne vulgaris models.

Objective To illustrate and analyze the clinical feature and treatment of botulism introduced by illegal injection of botulinum neurotoxins (BoNT),in order to provide some evidence for early diagnosis and treatment strategy.Methods Retrospective analysis of 13 botulism patients was performed in this article.All of the patients were suffered from illegal injection of botulinum neurotox in products.Support treatments were carried out according to their severe grade,and the courses of disease and the curative effects were observed.Results A new category was first identified as injection induced botulism to describe such a situation of cosmetic injection out of the hospital with neither the prescribed botulinum toxin product nor a doctor.One in 13 patients graded mild botulism,the other 12 patients graded middle level.The processes of the new botulism had 4 stages:preclinical stage (4 days),progressive stage (9.8 days),apical stage (9.1 days) and restoration stage (5.2 months).The relationships of a positive correlation in injection dose and the length of progressive stage were identified,while a negative correlation with the length of preclinical stage was revealed.Conclusions The earlier2-3 weeks after illegal injection are crucial for intense care because of the acceleration in this period.Absolute rest and active treatments as well as antitoxinum are benefit for the recovery of patients.

Objective To explore the treatment protocols and the occurrence and developmental rule of subcutaneous multiple inflammation and indurations by facial injection lipolysis,and to summarize the treatment experience.Methods Six cases of subcutaneous indurations were females patients with facial injection lipolysis,and the lesions increased slowly after about one month.The local temperature raised and pinching pain appeared in the facial area.The other secondary post-traumatic swelling and scleroma areas were treated with piercing or cutting,spread to the surrounding tissues.Red scleroma became osmosis,by local open decompression,debridement,irrigation and drainage lasting almost 3 months.The area had burst out mucoid funicular materials gradually.Results The facial injection lipolysis caused regionally red swelling and scleroma gradually with 1 month of continuous irrigation drainage.The red scleroma area was limited with debridement again after maturation,closed incision after discharge mucus-shape substance by its organization.In the redness induration period,pathological results showed the homogeneous materials without structure could be seen in the fibrous tissue,with surrounding hyperemia,hemorrhage associated with inflammation.Festering burst period showed that local tissue presented suppurative inflammation,multiple abscesses and granuloma formation.Conclusions Conservative treatment can lead to swelling,bursting and developing into deep tissues.Surgical treatment can spread redness scleroma area and lead to a large area of skin depression,soft tissue scar and deformity.

Objective To study the surgical method of comprehensive correction of secondary unilateral cleft lip nasal deformity using autologous cartilage and supported by septum cartilage and its outcomes.Methods Our surgery adopted an open approach,fully revealed the deformed alar cartilage and deviated nasal septum cartilage.Part of the nasal septum was removed and made it into various cartilage grafts to repair and reconstruct the columella,nasal tip,nasal alar and nasal dorsal by implanted in the corresponding positions.Results 18 patients with congenital unilateral cleft lip nasal deformity underwent the corrective and reconstructive surgery.The postoperative follow-up was 6-12 months,showing that the malformed nasal appearance came back to normal without obvious scar.The 18 patients did not have associated complications.Conclusions The surgery with a supplementary septal graft achieves good effect,the overall appearance of the malformed nose gets obvious changes,and therefore patients and their families are satisfied with the postoperative nasal shape.

Objective To discuss clinical curative effects of using Forehead skin expansion combine with auricular cartilage for repairing nose alar full-thickness defects.Methods From August 2010 to August 2010,36 patients with nose alar full-thickness defects in the second affiliated hospital of kunmin medical university,The defect range exceed 1.5 cm× 1.2 cm.50-80 ml expander was implanted in forehead and injected saline water to expand in order to acquire extra skin.We Turn around the skin of defect as the lining of nose,harvest ipsilateral auricular cartilage for nose ala framework,Expanded forehead pedicle flap was transferred to cover framework.The donor area was sutured directly.The pedicle of flap was cut and trimmed after 2 months.Results Follow-up time of 3-18 months after the operation,All flaps are survive,nose alar defects are repaired successfully.Some cases were performed second surgery,postoperative,nose alar color,thickness,nostril size and shape the same with the contralateral side.Donor site healed with linear scar.Conclusions This method could be easy to obtain excess skin,for repairing large sides nose alar full-thickness defect.Frontal scar is not obvious,It is a practical.

Objective To study port-externalized tissue expansion technique and to provide a safe,simple and effective skin tissue expansion for extensive skin lesion reconstruction.Methods A lot of 247 patients with extensive skin lesion were chosen for the study.400-1000 ml tissue expanders were used for overexpansion and repeated expansion.Expanders were inserted into subcutaneous pockets through mini-invasive incisions and intermittent injection was carried out 4 days after first stage operation.After expansion finished,expanded skin flaps were transplanted for skin lesion reconstruction.During inflation period,complications and expander failures were observed.Results In 741 expanders of 247 patients,complication rate was 16.5 ％ with total 122 cases of complications.Expansion success rate was 98.9 ％ with 8 expander failures.Expanders were inflated successfully between 64-113 days,with average 92.7 days.The inflated saline volume was 2.38 times of marked expander capacity.In this group of 733 expanded skin flaps,721 flaps were well survived with 98.4％ success rate.276 expanded flaps of 116 patients were followed up for one to five years post-operation.The width of incision scar was between 0.3-1.2 mm.Conclusions The port-externalized overexpansion with giant expanders is a safe,simple and feasible technique,which is worthy of further clinical application.

Objective To explore the clinical results of repairing frontal lesions with the combination of the expanded scalp flaps and postoperative laser hair removal.Methods There were 10 patients involved between May 2014 through May 2016 in our department.In the first stage,the expanders were implanted to the pockets under the scalp.In the second stage,the wounds,after lesion removal,were covered by the expanded scalp flaps.In the third stage,laser hair removal was performed 2 weeks postoperatively for 4 to 6 times until complete removing the hair.Results All the lesions were repaired with good results.The incisions healed primarily.The scalp flaps survived without nec rosis.The hair on the flap was removed completely.The color and texture of the flap were similar to these of the adjacent skin.The satisfactory results of the appearance were achieved in all the patients.Conclusions The combination of the expanded scalp flap and laser hair removal is an effective method for the repairing of the frontal lesion.

Objective To explore the method of pre expanded deltopectoral flap for repairing post burn faciocervical scars.Methods Anterior axillary incisions were made and appropriate expanders were implanted above anterior chest wall at the first stage.After a 4 6 months' expanding,the flaps based on perforating branches of the internal mammary artery,branches from the thoracoacromi al area,or perforating branches from deltoid muscle,were designed and raised according to scars and dominant vessels.The donor sites were closed at same time without skin graft.Results 43 patients with 51 flaps were operated for reconstruction of post burn faciocervical scars.All flaps and donor sites survived well.Conclusions Pre expanded deltopectoral flap is an ideal donor site for repairing post-burn faciocervical scars.

Objective To investigate the effect of tissue expansion in facial congenital giant nevus.Methods From October 2014 to October 2016,7 cases of facial congenital giant nevus patients were treated with expanded skin flaps,including single expansion and secondary expansion.Partial excision and skin tissue expansion were used to drastically remove giant pigmented nevi on body or extremities of infants.There were some points for attention during the surgery:the size and location of the partial excision and expander should be designed reasonably;no tumor-manipulation and non-tension principle should be taken great notice,and expanders should be linked up with one another when several expanders were used at the same time,so as to reduce the possibility of forming the envelop,which was favorable for the second surgery of transfer of a skin flap.Results All cases of giant pigmented nevi excision were on the face,which were completely removed from the patients.The areas of the nevi were from 7 cm × 5 cm to 15 cm × 13 cm.All patients were followed up for 3-12 months (mean 6 months).All flaps survived well.Expander exposure was happened in 2 cases with no bad results.One case of scar received late repair due to surgical scars and all got satisfactory results.Conclusions Tissue expansion is an ideal method in the treatment of facial congenital giant nevus.