Objective To investigate the relationship between the onset of lower extremity venous thrombotic disease and seasons.Methods A retrospective study was conducted, 300 patients with lower extremity venous thrombotic disease admitted to HandanCity Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) from August 2012 to February 2014 were enrolled, the incidences and TCM syndromes of patients with lower extremity venous thrombotic disease in different seasons were observed, and the pathogenesis and relationships between the types of TCM syndrome and seasons were analyzed.Results There were 142 patients with lower extremity superficial thrombophlebitis, and 158 cases with lower extremity deep venous thrombosis, the incidence of lower extremity venous thrombotic disease in spring was significantly higher than that in summer and autumn [32.8% (86/262) vs. 21.3% (54/254), 18.4% (50/272), bothP < 0.01], but lower than that in winter [32.8% (86/262) vs. 37.2% (110/296)], the difference was not statistically significant (P > 0.01); while the incidence of lower extremity venous thrombotic disease in winter was significant higher than those in summer and autumn (allP < 0.01). The incidences of damp and heat downward flow type in autumn and summer were increased compared with those in winter and spring [55.6% (30/54), 60.0% (30/50) vs. 20.0% (22/110), 23.3% (20/86), allP < 0.01], while the incidences of lower extremity venous thrombotic disease with damp heat and stasis syndrome in winter and spring were increased compared with those in summer and autumn seasons [80.0% (88/110), 76.7% (66/86) vs. 44.4% (24/54), 40.0% (20/50)].Conclusions The incidence of lower extremity venous thrombotic disease is related to seasons, and the onset is high in winter and spring, damp heat and stasis syndrome being the main type; according to different seasons, clinical treatment can direct to different pathogenic factors to adopt different preventive measures interfering with the patient's constitution in order to eliminate or reduce the risk factors, achieving the effect of the disease prevention.

Objective To investigate the metabolic differences of Tacrolimus in different transplant recipients. Methods A retrospective study was conducted, 30 patients of the organ transplant admitted to organ transplantation center of General Hospital of Chinese People's Armed Police Forces from January 2002 to August 2012 were enrolled, and they were divided into combined liver and kidney transplant (SLK) group, single liver transplant group and single renal transplant group, 10 cases in each group. The SLK group and the simple liver transplantation group were given the same drug regimen, methylprednisolone injection was given during operation, and tacrolimus+ mycophenolate mofetil+ prednisone triple immunosuppressive therapy was taken after operation, on the first day after operation, the initial dose of tacrolimus was given 0.06 mg·kg-1·d-1 divided into 2 times taken orally, and on the third day after operation, the concentration of tacrolimus was detected; after operation group for 2 - 4 days, single renal transplantation group was given tacrolimus the initial dose of tacrolimus 0.15 mg·kg-1·d-1 was divided into 2 parts for twice oral administration, after 2 - 3 days of the above treatment, monitoring the concentration of tacrolimus began. One month after transplantation, the metabolic differences of tacrolimus among the three groups were compared.Results One month after operation, the oral tacrolimus doses (μg·kg-1·d-1: 74.78±32.65 vs. 80.62±24.02, 85.58±16.78) and the monitored blood drug concentration (μg/L: 6.64±2.73 vs. 7.50±3.08, 7.46±3.20) in SLK group were lower than either the single liver transplantation group or single renal transplantation group, but the comparisons among the three groups, there were no statistically significant differences(allP > 0.05).Conclusions In SLK group, the protective effect of transplanted liver on transplanted kidney may be related to the length of postoperative time. Liver transplantation performed within post-operative one month has no protective effect on the transplanted kidney.

Objective To observe the application of modified perfusion device pre-flushing method in double plasma molecular adsorption system (DPMAS) treatment and nursing care effect on patients with liver failure. Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted; 56 patients with liver failure who were consistent with the enrolled standard and admitted to the Surgical Intensive Care Unit (SICU) of Beijing Chaoyang Hospital fromJune 2014 to December 2016 were the objects of the study and their clinical data were collected. Ten patients involving the results of 17 case times from June 2014 to April 2015 were selected as the control group by using the traditional method of pre-flushing, and 46 patients involving the results of 68 case times from May 2015 to December 2016 were chosen as the observation group by using the modified perfusion device pre-flushing method. Both groups adopted effective nursing care cooperation: such as closely observe the changes of symptoms and signs of patients during the peri-treatment period, strengthen psychological care, maintain pipeline properly, and carry out the preventive management of anticoagulation and potential complications. The changes of symptoms and signs in the patients of two groups were observed, the DPMAS pre-flushing time and single time effective treatment time of the two groups were compared, before and 3 days after DPMAS treatment, the changes of serum total bilirubin (TBil), total bile acid (TBA) and its clearance rate, the changes of electrolytes, liver and kidney functions, blood routine and blood coagulation function were observed and compared between the two groups to evaluate and analyze the therapeutic effect of DPMAS.Results In the two groups, there were 56 patients involving 85 case times of DPMAS treatment all successfully completed, and the patients' symptoms and signs were improved significantly. The pre-flushing time of the observation group was obviously shorter than that in the control group (minutes: 29.5±13.1 vs. 38.9±14.7), and the single effective treatment time was obviously longer than that in the control group (minutes: 6.7±1.1 vs. 3.4±0.9,P < 0.05). After treatment, the TBil, TBA, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and albumin (ALB) in two groups were decreased significantly compared with those before treatment, the prothrombin time (PT) was markedly prolonged compared with that before treatment (allP < 0.05), and the degrees of improvement in the observation group were more obvious than those of the control group (butP > 0.05), and urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine (Cr), hemoglobin (Hb), platelet count (PLT), Na+ and K+ had no significant changes compared with those before treatment (allP > 0.05). The TBil clearance rate [(42.5±15.5)% vs. (32.9±13)%] and TBA clearance rate [(27±8.9)% vs. (17.1±5.8)%] in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group (allP < 0.05). There were no adverse events such as electrolyte disturbance, errhysis or bleeding found in the two groups during the treatment. In the study, there were 8 case times with self feeling of skin itching, 8 case times of skin rash, 6 case times of nausea and vomiting, 6 case times of chest tightness, 5 case times of blood pressure dropping phenomena and 4 case times of fever symptoms, and after the symptomatic treatments and nursing intervention, all the above symptoms were relieved or disappeared.Conclusion The modified perfusion device pre-flushing method can effectively elevate the pre-flushing effect and therapeutic effect, it is simple, time-saving, can reduce the economic burden of the patients, thus it is worthy to be used widely in clinic, during the therapeutic process, reasonable and effective nursing measures are practiced, that is the key to guarantee the successful treatment of patients.

Objective To analyze the risk factors of respiratory depression occurring during recovery period in patients after having undergone general anesthesia and laparoscopic operation.Methods A total of 374 patients after general anesthesia and laparoscopic surgery admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University from June 2015 to June 2016 were enrolled, they were divided into with or without the incidence of respiratory depression two groups by whether or not respiratorydepression, with the incidence of respiratory depression group 52 cases, without the incidence of respiratory depression group 322 cases. The patients' gender, age, body mass index (BMI), operation time, anesthesia maintenance mode, artificial airway mode, operative type and medication used in operation, intra-operative hypotension presence or absence, and type of operation were recorded. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to evaluate the risk factors of respiratory depression occurring in the recovery period after general anesthesia; receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was drawn to evaluate the predictive value of age, intraoperative medication, and age combine with intraoperative medication respectively in the occurrence of respiratory depression during recovery period after general anesthesia and lapatoscopic operation.Results Univariate analyses showed that there were no statistical significant differences in gender, BMI, operation time, anesthesia maintenance mode, artificial airway mode, intra-operative hypotension presence or absence, type of operation, etc. compared between patients with and without the incidence of respiratory depression groups (allP > 0.05); while the differences were statistically significant in age and drug used in the operation (dezocine, flurbiprofen, dexmedetomidine or dezocine combined with dexmedetomidine, allP < 0.05). Multivariate analyses showed that age and medication used in operation were the independent risk factors for the occurrence of respiratory depression during the anesthesia recovery stage (P values being 0.000, 0.002 respectively). ROC curve showed that age, intra-operative medication and age combine with intraoperative medication respectively had certain predictive value for the occurrence of respiratory depression during the recovery period after general anesthesia and laparoscopic surgery, the area under the ROC curve (AUC) of age combine with intraoperative medicationfor prediction of occurrence of respiratory depression during recovery period after anesthesia and laparoscopic surgery was significantly larger than that of single age or single intraoperative medication (0.826 vs. 0.668, 0.750,P < 0.01), 95% confidence interval (95%CI) of age, intraoperative medication and age combined with intraoperative medication were 0.598-0.738, 0.670-0.830, 0.764-0.888, the sensitivity, specificity and accuracy rate of age combine with intraoperative medication were 53.8%, 94.4% and 88.8%, respectively.Conclusion Elderly patients undergoing general anesthesia and laparoscopic operation and dezocine, dexmedetomidine or dezocine combined with dexmedetomidine being applied in the laparoscopic operation are more easily associated with incidence of respiratory depression during recovery period of anesthesia.

Objective To observe the differences in functional capacities generated by different simple breathing balloons extruded by different hand types and methods.Methods The lung functional measurement instrument was used to measure the generated functional capacities of two types of simple breathing balloon extruded by different hand methods: using big-, mid- and small-size hands with 5 fingers generally separately open and maximally extended states or with both small-size hands to extrude balloon; the effective generated gas quantity of the above methods were compared.Results ① Comparison between different balloons: the functional capacity generated by black rubber balloon extruded by any hand type was 68 - 132 mL lower than that generated by light blue silicon balloon. ② The comparison between different hand types: the functional capacities generated by any hand at maximally extended state in extruding balloon was 13 - 70 mL higher than that by hand commonly separate state; extrusion by a small size hand was nearly unable to reach 400 mL, while the functional capacity was 520 - 650 mL when the balloon was extruded by a big size hand, and 435 - 635 mL by a mid-size hand; it was necessary to use both small hands when the black rubber balloon was extruded, when the light blue silicon air bag was extruded, the functional capacity could reach 430 - 440 mL with a small size hand. ③ Difference in extruding methods: the functional capacity generated by either big size hand or mid-size hand with 5 fingers maximally extending state to extrude balloon was significantly higher than that with 5 fingers commonly separate state, the functional capacity generated by both small size hands with fingers maximally separating and extending state to extrude balloon was obviously higher than that generated by 5 fingers generally separating and extending state, the functional capacities generated by light blue silicon balloon were obviously higher than those by black rubber balloon, no matter the 5 fingers of big- or mid-size hand being at generally separating or extending state (mL: 623.00±21.11 vs. 522.00±41.85 by big size hand with common 5 fingers separate state, 649.00±26.01 vs. 575.00±58.55 by big sizehand with maximum 5 fingers extending state; 566.00±37.77 vs. 436.00±21.19 by mid-size hand with common 5 fingers separate state, 637.00±30.02 vs. 505.00±37.49 by mid-size hand with maximum 5 fingers extending state); the light blue silicon balloon extruded by small hand with 5 fingers at generally separate state and at maximally extending state could generate functional capacities (mL)432.00±13.02 and 444.00±37.18 respectively, significantly higher than those using the 2 types of hand state extruding a black rubber balloon (the tidal volume < 400 mL), the functional capacities generated by both small hands extruding a light blue silicon balloon was obviously higher than that by using a black rubber balloon (mL: 557.00±54.98 vs. 489.00±40.12, allP < 0.05).Conclusions Different functional capacities will be generated by different hand sizes, different hand extruding methods and types of simple breathing balloon, clinical application should be based on patients' body weights to decide their tidal volumes, and combined with the rescuers' hand sizes and types of simple breathing balloon to choose a proper extruding method for a certain patient, thus sufficient oxygen can be surely provided in time for him/her and rescue successful rate can be elevated.

Objective To compare the consistency between interstitial fluid glucose and arterial blood glucose in septic shock patients with different tissue perfusion levels.Methods A prospective investigative study was conducted. Sixty-one septic shock patients with ages above 18 years old admitted to the Department of Critical Care Medicine of Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences from April 2013 to December 2013 were enrolled. The real-time continuous glucose monitoring system (RTCGMS) and arterial blood gas analyzer were used to measure the patients' interstitial fluid glucose and arterial blood glucose, and according to the criteria of International Organization for Standardization (ISO) and the median of relative absolute difference (Median RAD), the consistency between interstitial fluid glucose and arterial blood glucose was calculated. Based on the lactate (Lac) level and pulse oxygen perfusion index (PI), the septic shock patients were divided into groups with different degrees of tissue perfusion, the consistency between the interstitial fluid glucose and arterial blood glucose among septic shock patients with different degrees of tissue perfusion was compared by using Bootstrap re-sampling technique.Results Negative correlation existed between PI and Lac (r= -0.272,P < 0.001), which showed the opposite change tendency of organism tissue perfusion. In patients with Lac > 8 mmol/L, their consistency between interstitial fluid glucose and arterial blood glucose was better than that in those with Lac > 2-4 mmol/L, and the 95% credibility intervals (CI) of ISO standardized deviation value was 0.026-38.710 (P < 0.05). In patients with PI ≤ 0.7%, their consistency between interstitial fluid glucose and arterial blood glucose was better than that in those with PI > 0.7%-1.4%, the 95%CI of median RAD difference value was 0.002-0.076, and the 95%CI of ISO standardized deviation value was -27.000 to -0.583 (allP < 0.05); in patients with PI > 3.0%, their consistency between interstitial fluid glucose and arterial glucose was better than that in those with PI ≤ 0.7%, PI > 0.7%-1.4% and PI > 1.4%-3.0%, and the 95%CI of ISO standardized deviation values were 3.322-28.302, 11.988-40.265 and 5.170-33.333 respectively (allP < 0.05).Conclusions When septic shock patients were under low tissue perfusion (Lac > 8 mmol/L or PI ≤ 0.7%), the worse the tissue perfusion, the better the consistency between interstitial fluid glucose and arterial blood glucose; when septic shock patients were under normal local tissue perfusion (PI > 3.0%), the better the local tissue perfusion, the better the consistency between interstitial fluid glucose and arterial blood glucose.

Objective To explore the safety and therapeutic effect of Xuebijing injection for treatment of patients with capillary leak syndrome (CLS).Methods Seventy-seven patients with clinical diagnosis of CLS admitted to Intensive Care Unit (ICU) of the First Affiliated Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) from November 2015 to October 2016 were enrolled, they were divided into a control group (35 cases) and a Xuebijing group (42 cases) according to random number table method. The conventional treatment was given and at the same time the primary disease was actively treated in the control group; while in the Xuebijing group, on the basic treatment of the control group, additionally, Xuebijing injection 100 mL+ 0.9% normal saline (100 mL) was intravenously dripped, twice a day, 5 days constituting one therapeutic course. Before and after treatment for 5 days, the white blood cell count (WBC), neutrophils percentage (N), alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), serum creatinine (SCr), procalcitonin (PCT), pH value, partial pressure of blood oxygen (PaO2), blood lactic acid value (Lac), activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), prothrombin time (PT), blood platelet count (PLT) in the patients of the two groups were compared; and the acute physiology and chronic health evaluation Ⅱ (APACHE Ⅱ) score was recorded; the length of stay in ICU, mechanical ventilation time, and 28-day survival rate were statistically calculated in two groups.Results After treatment, the levels of WBC, N, PCT, ALT, AST, BUN, SCr, Lac, APACHE Ⅱ score in Xuebijing group were lower than those in the control group [WBC(×109/L): 9.85±0.61 vs. 13.87±2.58, N: 0.75±0.08 vs. 0.90±0.10, PCT (μg/L): 1.13±0.71 vs. 4.99±1.38, ALT (U/L): 79.56±30.85 vs. 84.21±27.32, AST (U/L): 91.98±38.10 vs. 110.28±35.79, BUN (mmol/L): 7.35±0.82 vs. 8.57±1.43, SCr (μmol/L): 111.67±43.96 vs. 132.51±55.10, Lac (mmol/L): 1.88±1.01 vs. 3.31±1.46, APACHE Ⅱ score: 11.34±3.59 vs. 17.65±4.77]; the PaO2, PLT, 28-day survival rate in Xuebijing group were higher than those in the control group [PaO2 (mmHg, 1 mmHg = 0.133 kPa): 75.47±21.10 vs. 54.22±15.23, PLT (×109/L): 211.54±58.25 vs. 153.27±49.69, 28-day survival rate: 85.71% (36/42) vs. 71.43% (25/35), allP < 0.05]; the PT, APTT, ICU hospitalization time and mechanical ventilation time in Xuebijing group were shorter than those in the control group [PT (s): 13.62±2.11 vs. 18.45±4.26, APTT (s): 31.33±4.27 vs. 36.85±5.56, length of stay in ICU (days): 12.4±3.7 vs. 20.5±4.1, mechanical ventilation time (days): 10.5±4.9 vs. 18.7±5.5, allP < 0.05].Conclusion The application of Xuebijing injection for treatment of patients with CLS can relieve their disease situation, reduce inflammatory indicators, improve the blood coagulation function and hypoxemia, shorten the ICU hospitalization time and mechanical ventilation time, elevate the 28-day survival rate, and has no harmful effects on liver and kidney functions.

Objective To evaluate the clinical value of cardiovascular dual-phase scan of 256-slice spiral CT in diagnosis of left atrial appendage (LAA) thrombus before radiofrequency ablation in patients with atrial fibrillation. Methods A prospective study was conducted. Thirty-six patients with atrial fibrillation being prepared to undergo radiofrequency ablation admitted to the Fifth Central Hospital of Tianjin from October 2015 toJuly 2016 were enrolled, they were scanned using dual-phase cardiovascular protocol of 256-slice spiral CT, and then trans-esophageal echocardiography (TEE) was performed for the definite diagnose of thrombus. In the first phase of cardiac CT, the intelligent tracking method was used to determine the delayed time; in the second phase cardiac CT scan, 85 seconds was confirmed as the delayed time; TEE as the golden standard was used to evaluate the value of dual-phase CT in definite diagnosis of LAA thrombus.Results LAA low density filling defect was discovered in 5 patients in the first phase CT scan, the CT scan in the second phase, the filling defect still existed, and the diagnosis of LAA thrombus in 3 patients was made (of them 2 cases after TEE examination were diagnosed definitely as LAA thrombus, and the echo in 1 case was smoke-like on TEE, being at pre-thrombus status), 2 cases were confirmed as pseudo-filling defects (afterwards, their diagnosis was confirmed as pre-thrombus status because the echo shown on TEE was smoke-like). Two patients were confirmed as true thrombi on TEE, and there were 3 patients diagnosed as pre-thrombus state by TEE because of their echo smoke-like. TEE was used as the golden standard for diagnosis of thrombus, the following indexes could be calculated: in the first phase, the sensitivity of using CT scan to diagnose LAA thrombus was 100.0%, the specificity 91.2%, positive predictive value (PPV) 40.0%, and negative predictive value (NPV) 100.0%; while in the second phase of using CT scan for diagnosis of LAA thrombus, the above indexes were 100.0%, 97.1%, 66.7%, 100.0% respectively; the CT Kappa coefficient of the second-phase was larger than that of the first-phase CT (0.898 vs. 0.739), the difference being statistically significant (P < 0.05).Conclusions Dual-phase cardiovascular protocol of CT can detecte of LAA thrombus/pre-thrombus state, the PPV is significantly elevated after the second phase of CT scan for diagnosis of thrombus, and the consistency between the second phase CT diagnosis of thrombus and TEE diagnosis is higher than that between the first phase CT and TEE, therefore, using dual-phase cardiovascular protocol of 256-slice spiral CT in diagnosis of LAA thrombus in patients with atrial fibrillation before radiofrequency ablation has relatively high application value.

Objective To observe the clinical effect of benzene sulfonic amlodipine combined with traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) Yangxueqingnao granules for treatment of patients with hypertensive urgencies (HU) with acute headache, and its effect on serum brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) level.Methods A prospective study was conducted, 186 HU patients with acute headache admitted to the Department of Cardiology in the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest University from January 2014 to December 2016 were enrolled, and they were divided into a control group (90 cases) and an observation group (96 cases) by random number table method. The patients in control group received benzene sulfonic amlodipine (10 mg, once a day) and the patients in observation group were additionally given Yangxueqingnao granules (4 g, 3 times a day for consecutive 7 days) on the basis of treatment in control group. The mean arterial pressure (MAP), the nature and location of headache and the levels of serum BNDF were examined before and after treatment and compared between them in the two groups, the degree of headache was evaluated by visual analogue scale (VAS), and the clinical therapeutic effects in the two groups were observed.Results There were no statistical significant differences in MAP (mmHg, 1 mmHg = 0.133 kPa) between the two groups before treatment and at 2 hours, on 1, 3, 7 days after treatment (control group: 99.7±9.5, 94.2±9.1, 88.6±7.6, 81.8±9.3, 75.6±5.3 respectively, the observation group: 95.4±13.5, 91.2±8.1. 88.9±8.7, 83.2±8.6, 77.2±4.8 respectively, allP > 0.05). Compared with the control group, after treatment for 1, 3, 7 days, the nature of acute headache (dull pain, distending pain) was relieved more significantly, the number of patients with whole head headache was decreased more obviously in observation group [dull pain (cases): 16, 8, 3 vs. 28, 24, 18, distending pain (cases): 11, 6, 2 vs. 22, 16, 10, whole head pain (cases): 12, 5, 3 vs. 26, 20, 16, allP < 0.05]. With the prolongation of treatment, the VAS scores in the two groups were gradually decreased, on 7 days after treatment they reached to the lowest levels, and the degree of descent in the observation group was more significant than that in the control group (0.5±0.4 vs. 1.4±0.9,P < 0.05); thelevels of serum BNDF in the two groups were gradually increased after the 1st day of treatment, reached to the highest level on 7 days after treatment,and the degree of increase in observation group was more obvious than that in the control group (ng/L: 24.8±2.3 vs. 17.8±2.2). The therapeutic effective rate of the observation group was significantly higher than that of the control group [70.8% (68/96) vs. 53.3% (48/90),P < 0.05].Conclusion The combination of benzene sulfonic amlodipine and Yangxueqingnao granules can effectively relieve the acute headache in HU patients, and its mechanism is related to the increase in expression of BDNF.

Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy of paeoniae decoction (PD) add and subtract or modified PD combined with mesalazine for treatment of patients with ulcerative colitis (UC).Methods A prospective study was conducted, 98 patients with UC admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine from August 2015 to August 2016 were enrolled, and they were divided into an observation group and a control group by random number table, 49 cases in each group. The control group was treated with mesalazine 1 g, 3 times daily; the observation group was treated with paeoniae decoction (ingredients: paeonia 30 g, coptis chinensis 15 g, Chinese angelica 15 g, betel nut 6 g, Chinese rhubarb 6 g, baikal skullcap 6 g, cinnamon 6 g, licorice 6 g) add and subtract, on the basis of treatment of the control group ,1 dose daily, each dose was decocted 2 times and warm decoction was taken once in the morning and once in the evening; the therapeutic course in both group was consecutive 6 weeks. The contents of different inflammatory factors, interleukin (IL-1, IL-8), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), C-reactive protein (CRP)in serum were compared before and after treatment between the two groups, and the clinical curative effects and adverse reactions were observed in two groups.Results After treatment, the levels of serum IL-1, IL-8, TNF-α, CRP in two groups were significantly lower than those before treatment, and the degrees of decrease were more significant in the observation group than those in the control group [IL-1 (ng/L): 8.48±3.05 vs. 9.38±3.37, IL-8 (ng/L): 10.15±2.23 vs. 11.94±2.30, TNF-α (μg/L): 122.13±6.40 vs. 137.02±7.35, CRP (mg/L): 7.16±1.93 vs. 8.02±2.63, allP < 0.05]. After treatment, the total effective rate in observation group was significantly higher than that in control group [91.84% (45/49) vs. 77.55% (38/49),P < 0.05]; the adverse reactions of observation group and control group had no statistical significant difference [4.08% (2/49) vs. 6.12% (3/49),P > 0.05].Conclusion The clinical efficacy of add and subtract of paeoniae decoction combined with mesalazine for treatment of ulcerative colitis is prominent, and no increase of adverse reaction occurrence was seen.