Objective To evaluate the long term effect of comprehensive antihypertension treatment. Methods A cohort of 818 staff in an institute was enrolled. Regular health checkup, education and aggressively treatment and prevention of hypertension and its complications were administered and followed up for 6 years. Results In the past six years, the incidence rate of hypertension has been decreased year by year(from 23.7% to 19.0%). The rates of awareness(49.5% to 94.4%), treatment(37.1% to 83.7%), and achievement of target BP goal(19.6% to 82.4%) were increased. Cardiovascular risk factors as well as morbidity and mortality were decreased significantly(P

Objective To examine plasma levels of MDA-LDL and pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A in patients with angiography type lesions Ⅱ(representing plaque rupture with or without thrombosis), and to evaluate the effect of simvastatin on plasma MDA-LDL and PAPP-A. Methods One hundred and ten patients were enrolled and underwent coronary angiography with 85 patients diagnosed as coronary heart disease (CHD) and twenty-five as controls. According to the morphologic types of plaque, the patients with CHD were straitified as type Ⅰ(smooth borders) (n=31) and type Ⅱ(irregular lesions) (n=35) and type Ⅲ (long lesions with irregular surface) group (n=19). The patients in type Ⅱ group received simvastatin (40 mg/d ) for four weeks. The plasma MDA-LDL, PAPP-A, LDL, HDL levels before and after simvastatin treatment were determined. Results Plasma levels of MDA-LDL, PAPP-A in type Ⅱ group was significantly higer than that in the controls group, type Ⅰ group, type Ⅲ group (P

Objective The aim of this study was to assess the distribution histogram of arm circumference (AC) in adult hypertensives in Beijing area, and to establish which size of cuffs is most appropriate in clinical practice. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional survey in a cohort of 424 (male 61.6%) consecutive hypertensives patients. Arm circumference was measured at the mid-point of the right upper arm. Subjects were stratified in three groups: group 1 with AC between 22-26 cm (small size), group 2 AC between 27-34 cm(medium size), and group 3 AC great than 34 cm (large size). Using AC of 32 cm as cutoff point, patients were subdivided as group A (AC

Objective To investigate the effect of smoking on large arterial stiffness in patients with essential hypertensive.Methods The aortic,carotid and brachial arterial dimension,intimal-medial thickness were determined by vascular ultrasound technique.Wall cross sectional area and indices of compliance and distensibility were calculated in essential hypertensive patients with smoking(n=75) or without smoking(n=70).Results Hypertensive patients with smoking have increased wall intimal-medial thickness and wall cross sectional area in aortic,carotid and brachial arteries associated with decreased compliance and distensibility.After adjusting for the confounding effects of other variables including Age,BMI,HR,BP,PP,FPG,LDL-C and TG,covariance analysis show smoking remained as predisposed factors for vascular remodeling.Conclusion Smoking aggravates large arterial stiffness in essential hypertensive patients.

Objective To study the expression and phosphorylation of focal adhesion kinase(FAK) in rat's au- tologous vein graft and the olmesartan modulating effect.Methods Autologous external jugular veins were grafted to common carotid arteries in 40 male Sprague Dawley rats.After surgery,rats were randomly assigned to the fol- lowing groups:sham;control;olmesartan treatment(10mg/kg.d by gavage);or physiological saline.The intimal thickness,the I/M in vein grafts was quantitated by HE stain.The expression and phosphorylation of focal adhe- sion kinase were assessed by Western-blotting,PCNA and ?-smooth muscle actin were measured by immunohisto- chemistry.Results Neointimal hyperplasia in control group was characterized by significantly increased intimal thickeness I/M(P

Objective To investigate the relationship between refractory hypertension and renal hemodynamics in end stage renal diseases (ESRD) patients.Methods ESRD patients were classified into:patients with refractory hypertension (group A) and patients with normal blood pressure(group B).Renal hemodynamic indices were ex- amined by duplex ultrasonography.Fasting serum lipid (TC,TG,HDL-C,LDL-C,Lp(a),ox-LDL) and serum parathyroid hormane (PTH) were determined in all patients.Results Significant differences were found in renal hemodynamic indices such as peak systolic velocity (PSV),mean flow velocity (MV),pulsatility index (PI),renal- aortic ratio (RAR) and in clinical index such as Lp(a) and ox-LDL between the two group.Refractory hyperten- sion patients had lower renal hemodynamic indices and higher Lp(a) and ox-LDL levels than in patients with con- trolled BP.Logistic regression analysis revealed that refractory hypertension was related with PSV,EDV,Pl and RAR,but not relevant with sex,age,dialysis time,hematocrit,BUN,creatinine,TC,TG,HDL-C,LDL-C, PTH,MV and RI.Conclusion Atherosclerotic renal artery stenosis and severe disorder in renal hemodynamics is likely the cause for refractory hypertention in ESRD patients.The rise of serum Lp(a) and ox-LDL might acceler- ate renal artery atherosclerosis.

Objective To investigate the difference between the blood pressure readings between sitting and supine position,and to study the factors that associated with the sitting-supine blood pressure difference in patient with diabetes.Methods We measured the sitting blood pressure first then followed by the supine pressure in 356 diabetic patients,using a standard mercury sphygmomanometer.Patient's body weight,height and blood glucose levels were also measured.Results SBP and DBP were significantly higher in the supine position than in sitting position in diabetic patients(by 3.5?7.6/1.5?4.9 mm Hg,P

Background Essential hypertension (EH) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are frequently co- existed.Previous studies proved that EH can cause arrythmia,whereas,the arrythmia and the structure changed in hypertensive patients coexisted with T2DM are scarely reported.Objective To study the characteristics and mech- anism of arrhythmia in essential hypertension (EH) patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).Methods One hundred sixty eight patients were groupped as follows:EH group (n=65),T2DM group (n=31),EH+T2DM group (n=52),and normal group (n=20).The clinical data,echocardiographies and 24-hour dynamic eletroear- diogram were determined in all patients.Results 1)Arrhythmia incidence in EH+T2DM group was a statistically higher compared to EH group and T2DM group(P

Objective To explore the effect of carvedilol on ACE2 gene and protein expression in chronic heart failure rats after myocardial infarction.Methods The heart failure model was induced by acute myocardial infarc- tion (AMI) through ligating the left anterior descending coronary artery.One month after operation,rats were randomized to receive placebo or carvedilol 2 mg/(kg?d),by gavage.Sham-operated rats were used as the control group.Hemodynamies,body mass and left ventrieular mass index,plasma and myocardial level of angiotensin Ⅱ were determined.ACE2 gene and protein expression was assessed by using RT-PCR and Western Blot.Results The mortality of placebo and Carvedilol groups were 20%,compared with 0% in sham operated rats.Carvedilol significantly improved LVEDP,LVSP,+dp/dt_(max) and-dp/dt_(min) in CHF rats but all the hemodynamics data were still inferior than that of controls.Plasma and myocardial angiotensin Ⅱ level were increased significantly in CHF placebo rats than those of control rats (plasma Ang Ⅱ:CHF:194?19 vs controls:132?15 ng/L,myocardium Ang Ⅱ:CHF:6.7?0.4 vs control:3.8?0.3 ng/g,P

Backgroud and Objective Proline-rich tyrosine kinase2(Pyk2) is a Ca~(2+) sensitive,non-receptor tyrosine protein kinase.Previous reports showed Pyk2 involved in development of left ventrieular hypertrophy. The present paper aimed to study the effects of valsartan on ventricular hypertrophy and its effect on the expression of Pyk2 in myocardium in renovascular hypertensive rats(RHR).Methods Two-kidney and one-clip(2K1C) renal hypertensive model was established in Sprague-Dawley rats by chronic partial occlusion of left renal artery,and ran- domized to receive valsartan (30 mg/kg?d) or without treatment for 4 or 8 weeks.Left ventricular mass to body mass ratio was measured.Pyk2 protein expression and phosphorylation was detected by Western blotting.Results Blood pressure,left ventricular mass to body mass ratio,Pyk2 activity in myocardium of RHR were increased gradu- ally.Valsartan reduced BP and prevent myocardial hypertrophy(P