Objective To study the effect of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitory peptides (ACEIP) on blood pressure of spontaneously hypertensive rats.Methods One hundred and four spontaneously hypertensive rats(SHR) were randomized to thirteen groups (n= 8,each group) and received one of following approaches:saline,captopril (10 mg/kg),low-dose (200 ?g/kg),medium-dose(400 ?g/kg) and high-dose (800 ?g/kg) of the three ACEIPs:VLPVP,KVLPVP,VLPVPR respectively.Thirty-two WKY rats were randomized to 4 groups(n=8 in each group),VLPVP,KVLPVP,VLPVPR (800 ?g/kg by gavage) and saline were administrated.The systolic blood pressure was measured before and after the administration of ACEIP.Results Compared with the control group,medium-dose and high-dose of VLPVP,KVLPVP and VLPVPR reduce blood pressure in hypertensive rats and the effect can last for above 6 hours [decline of blood pressure:high-dose:(40.9?15.7),(38.0?21.3) and (43.2?12.6) mmHg;medium-dose:(28.3?23.0),(24.7?21.5) and (26.2?9.9);control:(8.5?5.1),(6.2?4.1) and (7.1?5.5)mmHg;all P0.05].Conclusion Recombinant ACEIP acutely reduce high blood pressure in SHR,the antihypertensive effects persist for at least 6 hours,with no effect on normotensive WKY rats.

Objective To investigate the molecular mechanisms for the development of cardiac hypertrophy in hypertension by scanning the expression profile of microRNA (miRNA) in the left ventricular hypertrophic tissue in spontaneously hypertensive rats(SHR)using miRNA microarray chip technique.Methods 17-week-old male SHR with left ventricle hypertrophy (LVH) (n=10) and 8-week-old male SHR without LVH were employed in this study (n=10).Left ventricular mass index (LVMI),HE staining and measurement of transverse diameter of myocardium (TDM) were used to evaluate LVH.The mRNAs of the two groups were extracted from left ventricle tissue and the differential expression of miRNA was detected by using miRNA microarray chip.Results LVMI and TDM were greater in rats with LVH vs without [LVMI(2.87?0.15)vs(2.17?0.14)mg/g;TDM(15.32?0.61)vs(12.01?0.43)?m,P

Background Hypertension is a multigenetic inheritable disease.Gene therapy by regulating gene expression showed long term effects and less side effects,and has been emerged to be a potential and prospective treatment.Objective To investigate the effects of retroviraladeno-associated virus vector containing shRNA targeted on the AT1R gene (rAAV-AT1R-shRNA) on blood preesure(BP) in renal hypertensive rats,and the inhibitory effect of RNA interference (RNAi) on AT1R mRNA expression in renal hypertensive rats.Methods Two-kideny one-clip (2K1C) renal hypertension (RH) were established in SD rats and randomly to receive rAAV-AT1R-shRNA,1.5?109 particles/mL(n=12,ip),as treated group or retroviral vector (rAAV-EGFP),2.9?109 particles/mL,ip,as vehicle group,normal SD rats served as controls (n=12).SBP was measured before and after treatment.Animals were euthanized and blood,brain,heart,liver,kidney,aorta and adrenal gland were collected to identify the sites of rAAV-AT1R-shRNA expression by fluorescence microscope.Angiotensin Ⅱwas assessed by radioimmunology.Results 24 hours after single injection of rAAV-AT1R-shRNA,SBP was reduced by (22.3?5.5)mmHg compared to before intervention (P

2016.0 ng/L group (n=85) and followed up for average 371 days (90-540 d).Cardiac death or decompensated heart failure(HF) readmission were counted as advease events end-point for the purpose of this analysis.Results At follow up,76 patients had the cardiac events (26 patients died from cardiovascular causes and 50 patients being rehospitalization).No differences in admission NT-proBNP between patients with and without cardiovascular events.However,patients with high pre-discharge NT-proBNP(3872.0 vs 1306.0 ng/L,P

Objective To demonstrate the inhibitory effect of adenosine A1 receptor agonist R(-)-N6-(2-phenylisopropy1)adenosine(R-PIA)and cross-talk between adenosine A1 receptor and CaN in cultured myocardial cells hypertrophy induced by Ang Ⅱ.Methods The protein synthetic rate was determined by measuring the incorporation of [3H]-leucine into myocyte protein;the cardiomyocytes volumes were measured by computer photograph analysis system;the expression of atrial natriuretic polypeptide(ANP)and CaN were determined by Western-blot.Results R-PIA(1 ?mol/L)inhibited Ang Ⅱ(0.1 ?mol/L)-induced increase of [3H]-leucine incorporation [R-PIA:(976.2?89.0)vs Ang Ⅱ:(1130.7?102.7)count per min per well,P

Objective To verify the hypothesis whether resting heart rate(RHR)was able to predict the activities of renin angiotensin aldosterone system(RAAS)and left ventricular hypertrophy(LVH)in patients with hypertension.Methods One hundred and seventy-five essential hypertensive patients were categorized into three groups based on the levels of blood pressure(BP):140-160/90-100;160-180/100-110;≥180/110 mmHg.Each group were subdivided into four groups according to the levels of RHR.RHR1:RHR

Background Greater variability in blood pressure and the disappearance of circadian rhythm are frequently found in the very elderly with hypertension.Blood pressure variability may be closely related to the target organ damages.Objective To assess the relationship between nocturnal blood pressure fall(NBPF)and 24 h blood pressure variability(BPV)by using BP weighted standard deviation as a new index for computing 24 h BPV,and to verify the clinical value of this new marker in the very elderly with hypertension.Methods We analysed retrospectively 1441 ambulatory blood pressure(BP)recordings,and computed:①the standard deviation(SD)of 24 h BP directly from all individual readings;②weighted mean value of daytime and night-time SD(wSD);③the magnitude of nocturnal BP fall(NBPF).Left ventricular mass(n=345)and carotid intima-media thickness(n=216)were determined by echocardiography.Results The 24 h SD of BP was significantly greater than the 24 h wSD(P

Background Oxidative stress has been implicated in the pathogenesis of angiotensin Ⅱ(Ang Ⅱ)related hypertension.Superoxide anion,produced by NAD(P)H oxidase,plays important roles in hypertension and its complications.Ang Ⅱ infusion increases cerebral NAD(P)H oxidase activity,which is inhibited by angiotensin Ⅱ receptor blocker(ARB)candesartan and NAD(P)H oxidase inhibitor.However,the underlying mechanism of ARB in preventing hypertensive stroke is not elucidated clearly.Objective To investigate the effects of candesartan on the expression of cerebral NAD(P)H oxidase mRNA in salt-loaded stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats(SHRsp).Methods Twelve-week-old salt-loaded SHRsp were treated with candesartan [1.0 mg/(kg?d)],trichlormethiazide [TCM,1.6 mg/(kg?d)] or vehicle(n=12 in each)for 2 weeks.Age-matched salt-loaded WKY rats were served as control(n=12).Blood pressure was measured every week.After two weeks,cerebrums were harvested and 24 h urine was collected.Urinary albumin was examined by ELISA.Cerebral cortex NAD(P)H oxidase subunits(p22phox,p47phox and gp91phox)mRNA expression were assayed by real-time PCR.Results The systolic blood pressure was increased significantly in salt-load SHRsp.Candesartan and TCM reduced SBP to the similar level.Urinary albumin excretion and cerebral cortex NAD(P)H oxidase subunits were markedly higher in salt-loaded SHRsp than those in salt-loaded WKY rats.Incidence of stroke was significantly reduced in candesartan treated group as compared with TCM treated SHRsp(P

Background Whether serum uric acid are related with ischemic stroke in essential hypertension (EH) is controversial. Objective To delineate the relationship between serum uric acid and ischemic stroke in EH. Methods A retrospective study was conducted in a cohort of 729 EH patients. Patients were classified into four groups according to serum uric acid level. The odds ratio for ischemic stroke was calculated with the lowest quartile as the reference. Results The prevalence of ischemic stroke in EH with quartile 4 of uric acid was higher than that in EH with quartile 1(37.9% vs 17.6%,P

Objective To investigate the effect of metabolic syndrome(MS) on the atrial fibrillation(AF) in patients with essential hypertension(EH).Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted in a cohort of 1810 hospitalization essential hypertension patients,which were divided into EH+non MS group(n=1155) and EH+MS group(n=655) according to MS criteria.Results Incidence of AF in EH+MS group was higher than that in EH+non MS group(14.4% vs 8.3%,P