Objective To evaluate the long term effect of comprehensive antihypertension treatment. Methods A cohort of 818 staff in an institute was enrolled. Regular health checkup, education and aggressively treatment and prevention of hypertension and its complications were administered and followed up for 6 years. Results In the past six years, the incidence rate of hypertension has been decreased year by year(from 23.7% to 19.0%). The rates of awareness(49.5% to 94.4%), treatment(37.1% to 83.7%), and achievement of target BP goal(19.6% to 82.4%) were increased. Cardiovascular risk factors as well as morbidity and mortality were decreased significantly(P

Objective To study the effect of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitory peptides (ACEIP) on blood pressure of spontaneously hypertensive rats.Methods One hundred and four spontaneously hypertensive rats(SHR) were randomized to thirteen groups (n= 8,each group) and received one of following approaches:saline,captopril (10 mg/kg),low-dose (200 ?g/kg),medium-dose(400 ?g/kg) and high-dose (800 ?g/kg) of the three ACEIPs:VLPVP,KVLPVP,VLPVPR respectively.Thirty-two WKY rats were randomized to 4 groups(n=8 in each group),VLPVP,KVLPVP,VLPVPR (800 ?g/kg by gavage) and saline were administrated.The systolic blood pressure was measured before and after the administration of ACEIP.Results Compared with the control group,medium-dose and high-dose of VLPVP,KVLPVP and VLPVPR reduce blood pressure in hypertensive rats and the effect can last for above 6 hours [decline of blood pressure:high-dose:(40.9?15.7),(38.0?21.3) and (43.2?12.6) mmHg;medium-dose:(28.3?23.0),(24.7?21.5) and (26.2?9.9);control:(8.5?5.1),(6.2?4.1) and (7.1?5.5)mmHg;all P0.05].Conclusion Recombinant ACEIP acutely reduce high blood pressure in SHR,the antihypertensive effects persist for at least 6 hours,with no effect on normotensive WKY rats.

Objective To investigate the molecular mechanisms for the development of cardiac hypertrophy in hypertension by scanning the expression profile of microRNA (miRNA) in the left ventricular hypertrophic tissue in spontaneously hypertensive rats(SHR)using miRNA microarray chip technique.Methods 17-week-old male SHR with left ventricle hypertrophy (LVH) (n=10) and 8-week-old male SHR without LVH were employed in this study (n=10).Left ventricular mass index (LVMI),HE staining and measurement of transverse diameter of myocardium (TDM) were used to evaluate LVH.The mRNAs of the two groups were extracted from left ventricle tissue and the differential expression of miRNA was detected by using miRNA microarray chip.Results LVMI and TDM were greater in rats with LVH vs without [LVMI(2.87?0.15)vs(2.17?0.14)mg/g;TDM(15.32?0.61)vs(12.01?0.43)?m,P

Background Hypertension is a multigenetic inheritable disease.Gene therapy by regulating gene expression showed long term effects and less side effects,and has been emerged to be a potential and prospective treatment.Objective To investigate the effects of retroviraladeno-associated virus vector containing shRNA targeted on the AT1R gene (rAAV-AT1R-shRNA) on blood preesure(BP) in renal hypertensive rats,and the inhibitory effect of RNA interference (RNAi) on AT1R mRNA expression in renal hypertensive rats.Methods Two-kideny one-clip (2K1C) renal hypertension (RH) were established in SD rats and randomly to receive rAAV-AT1R-shRNA,1.5?109 particles/mL(n=12,ip),as treated group or retroviral vector (rAAV-EGFP),2.9?109 particles/mL,ip,as vehicle group,normal SD rats served as controls (n=12).SBP was measured before and after treatment.Animals were euthanized and blood,brain,heart,liver,kidney,aorta and adrenal gland were collected to identify the sites of rAAV-AT1R-shRNA expression by fluorescence microscope.Angiotensin Ⅱwas assessed by radioimmunology.Results 24 hours after single injection of rAAV-AT1R-shRNA,SBP was reduced by (22.3?5.5)mmHg compared to before intervention (P

2016.0 ng/L group (n=85) and followed up for average 371 days (90-540 d).Cardiac death or decompensated heart failure(HF) readmission were counted as advease events end-point for the purpose of this analysis.Results At follow up,76 patients had the cardiac events (26 patients died from cardiovascular causes and 50 patients being rehospitalization).No differences in admission NT-proBNP between patients with and without cardiovascular events.However,patients with high pre-discharge NT-proBNP(3872.0 vs 1306.0 ng/L,P

Objective To investigate the effect of smoking on large arterial stiffness in patients with essential hypertensive.Methods The aortic,carotid and brachial arterial dimension,intimal-medial thickness were determined by vascular ultrasound technique.Wall cross sectional area and indices of compliance and distensibility were calculated in essential hypertensive patients with smoking(n=75) or without smoking(n=70).Results Hypertensive patients with smoking have increased wall intimal-medial thickness and wall cross sectional area in aortic,carotid and brachial arteries associated with decreased compliance and distensibility.After adjusting for the confounding effects of other variables including Age,BMI,HR,BP,PP,FPG,LDL-C and TG,covariance analysis show smoking remained as predisposed factors for vascular remodeling.Conclusion Smoking aggravates large arterial stiffness in essential hypertensive patients.

Objective To study the expression and phosphorylation of focal adhesion kinase(FAK) in rat's au- tologous vein graft and the olmesartan modulating effect.Methods Autologous external jugular veins were grafted to common carotid arteries in 40 male Sprague Dawley rats.After surgery,rats were randomly assigned to the fol- lowing groups:sham;control;olmesartan treatment(10mg/kg.d by gavage);or physiological saline.The intimal thickness,the I/M in vein grafts was quantitated by HE stain.The expression and phosphorylation of focal adhe- sion kinase were assessed by Western-blotting,PCNA and ?-smooth muscle actin were measured by immunohisto- chemistry.Results Neointimal hyperplasia in control group was characterized by significantly increased intimal thickeness I/M(P

Objective To investigate the relationship between refractory hypertension and renal hemodynamics in end stage renal diseases (ESRD) patients.Methods ESRD patients were classified into:patients with refractory hypertension (group A) and patients with normal blood pressure(group B).Renal hemodynamic indices were ex- amined by duplex ultrasonography.Fasting serum lipid (TC,TG,HDL-C,LDL-C,Lp(a),ox-LDL) and serum parathyroid hormane (PTH) were determined in all patients.Results Significant differences were found in renal hemodynamic indices such as peak systolic velocity (PSV),mean flow velocity (MV),pulsatility index (PI),renal- aortic ratio (RAR) and in clinical index such as Lp(a) and ox-LDL between the two group.Refractory hyperten- sion patients had lower renal hemodynamic indices and higher Lp(a) and ox-LDL levels than in patients with con- trolled BP.Logistic regression analysis revealed that refractory hypertension was related with PSV,EDV,Pl and RAR,but not relevant with sex,age,dialysis time,hematocrit,BUN,creatinine,TC,TG,HDL-C,LDL-C, PTH,MV and RI.Conclusion Atherosclerotic renal artery stenosis and severe disorder in renal hemodynamics is likely the cause for refractory hypertention in ESRD patients.The rise of serum Lp(a) and ox-LDL might acceler- ate renal artery atherosclerosis.

Objective To investigate the difference between the blood pressure readings between sitting and supine position,and to study the factors that associated with the sitting-supine blood pressure difference in patient with diabetes.Methods We measured the sitting blood pressure first then followed by the supine pressure in 356 diabetic patients,using a standard mercury sphygmomanometer.Patient's body weight,height and blood glucose levels were also measured.Results SBP and DBP were significantly higher in the supine position than in sitting position in diabetic patients(by 3.5?7.6/1.5?4.9 mm Hg,P

Background Essential hypertension (EH) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are frequently co- existed.Previous studies proved that EH can cause arrythmia,whereas,the arrythmia and the structure changed in hypertensive patients coexisted with T2DM are scarely reported.Objective To study the characteristics and mech- anism of arrhythmia in essential hypertension (EH) patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).Methods One hundred sixty eight patients were groupped as follows:EH group (n=65),T2DM group (n=31),EH+T2DM group (n=52),and normal group (n=20).The clinical data,echocardiographies and 24-hour dynamic eletroear- diogram were determined in all patients.Results 1)Arrhythmia incidence in EH+T2DM group was a statistically higher compared to EH group and T2DM group(P