Objective To evaluate the influence of metabolic syndrome(MS) on the left ventricular hypertrophy in non-diabetic hypertensive patients.Methods A total of 321 essential hypertensives were included in which 134 patients were diagnosed as MS(EH+MS),187 patients with hypertension alone(EH) as controls.Left ventricular mass index(LVMI) and relative wall thickness(RWT) were determined by echocardiography.Results Compared with hypertension alone(EH) patients,hypertensive patients with MS(EH?MS) were shown to have greater end-diastolic left ventricular internal dimension(LVEDd),end-diastolic interventricular septum thickness (IVSD),end-diastolic posterior wall thickness(LVPWd) and left ventricular mass indexed(LVMI)(P0.05).Left ventricular mass index(LVMI) was strongly related with waist circumstance(r=0.692,P

Objective To study the roles of extracellular signal-regulated kinase(ERK1/2) and its substrate ets-like gene 1(Elk-1) in essential hypertension.Methods A comparative investigation was carried out to observe the expression of extracellular signal-regulated kinase1/2(ERKl/2) and Elk-1 in vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC)and endothelium of gastrointestinal arterioles by means of immunohistochemistry in hypertension and nonhypertension patients.Results In the hypertension patients group,the positive rate of phosphorylated-ERK 1/2 in vascular smooth muscle cell(VSMC) and endothelium in gastrointestinal small arteries(8.32%and 4.97%,respectively) was significantly higher than that in the non-hypertension patients group(P

Background Isoliensinine(IL) is a kind monomer alkaloid of double benzyl group quinoline separated from Plumula nelumbinis,which has been speculated to have antiarrhythmic effect,Ca~(2+) and?1-receptor blockade, and reversal the left ventricular hypertrophy(LVH).It has been reported the activity of Sarco/Endoplasmic reticulum Ca~(2+)-ATP_(ase)(SERCA) in essential hypertention(EH)/LVH patients was lower than that of healthy people. Objective To investigate the effects of Isoliensinine on left ventricular hypertrophy and activity of SERCA in 2 kidney 1 clamp(2K1C) hypertensive rats.Methods 2K1C hypertensive rats were randomly received Isoliensinine (RHR-IL,5 mg/kg per day p.o,n=16) or placebo.Blood pressure,left ventricle mass index(LVMI) and the activity of myocardial SERCA were measured after 10 weeks treatment.Six untreated SD rats were served as control. Results Isoliensinine decreased BP and LV/BM ratio(IL:136.4?14.6 vs control:189.8?4.4 mm Hg,P

Objective To analysis the parameters of left ventricular hypertrophy(LVH) in patients with primary aldosteronism(PA).Methods Two hundred fifty patients were diagnosed as primary aldosteronsim in this study.One hundred fouty two PA patients undergone the adrenal venous sampling(AVS).Adenomas) APA) were diagnosed in 68 patients and idiopathic hyperaldosteronism(IHA) in 74 patients.During the same period, clinical characteristics and cardiovascular events of this group were compared with those of 246 patients with essential hypertension(EHT) randomly matched for age,gender,and systolic and diastolic blood pressure.Echocardiographic examinations and biochemical and hormonal assays were conducted in all subjects.Results 1) Left ventricular end-diastolic dimension(LVEDd) was increased in PA patients compared with values in EHT patients(PA;49.6?4.3 vs EHT:48.3?4.2 mm,P0.05);however,in grade 2 and 3 hypertension,the LVMI in patients with PA was increased compared with values in patients with EHT(P

Background Mitochondria are the primary sites for ROS production within cells,Tempol(4-Hydroxy 2,2,6,6,tetramethyl piperidine)is a classic compounds targeting ROS scavengers in mitochondria.Objective To investigate the effects of Tempol on aortic function and remodeling in renovascular hypertensive rats.Methods The 2 kindey 1 clip hypertensive model was established in 24 male Wista rats and randomized to untreated hypertensive rats(n=6) or treated with Tempol(1 mmol/L) in drinking water(n=6) for 8 weeks.BP blood plasma angiotensinⅡ(AngⅡ),nitric oxide(NO),8-iso-PGF_(2?) level were determined.Isometric tension change of aortic rings were recorded;RT-PCR were used to measure the expression of NADPH p22 phox mRNA of aorta.Results Hypertensive rats had highter BP,AngⅡ,8-iso-PGF_(2?),media wall,media wall/lumen(W/L)(P

Objective To verify the reliability of home blood pressure measurement in clinic and research works by comparison three methods[home(H),office(O) and ambulatory(A)]of blood pressure(BP) measurements. Methods The"study-effects of salt substitution on blood pressure among the hypertensive patients and their families"was a randomized,double blinded control trial.In this study,BP was measured in 220 hypertensive patients using office,home and ambulatory BP measurements concurrently at the baseline and the end of the intervention. Two hundred seventeen patients had baseline eligible data,while at the end of the intervention,only 189 patients had eligible data.Bland-Altman method and Person's correlation analysis were used to compare the agreement of BP levels by 3 methods,and McNemar chi-square test compared rates of the agreement,assuming the ambulatory as the reference.Results The mean BP levels using office,ambulatory and home BP measurements were 149.5?16.4/87.2?9.5 mm Hg,137.8?17.1/83.2?10.3 mm Hg,and 138.0?14.2/82.4?9.3 mm Hg,respectively. H BP was more strongly related with ambulatory BP(SBP/DBP)(H:r=0.55/0.62 vs O:r= 0.36/0.46).The difference of BP between H and A was smaller[H:A—0.2 mm Hg/—0.7 mm Hg vs O:A(ll.7 mm Hg/4.0 mm Hg)].Intra-individual agreement between H and A SBP was significantly higher than that between O and A(28.3%vs 16.5%for≤|5| mm Hg and 49.7%vs 33.5%for≤|10| mm Hg,all P0.05).Conclusion Home and ambulatory BP was more strongly related and better agreement than office-ambulatory BP measurement.

Objective To investigate the effect of smoking on large arterial stiffness in patients with essential hypertensive.Methods The aortic,carotid and brachial arterial dimension,intimal-medial thickness were determined by vascular ultrasound technique.Wall cross sectional area and indices of compliance and distensibility were calculated in essential hypertensive patients with smoking(n=75) or without smoking(n=70).Results Hypertensive patients with smoking have increased wall intimal-medial thickness and wall cross sectional area in aortic,carotid and brachial arteries associated with decreased compliance and distensibility.After adjusting for the confounding effects of other variables including Age,BMI,HR,BP,PP,FPG,LDL-C and TG,covariance analysis show smoking remained as predisposed factors for vascular remodeling.Conclusion Smoking aggravates large arterial stiffness in essential hypertensive patients.

Objective To study the expression and phosphorylation of focal adhesion kinase(FAK) in rat's au- tologous vein graft and the olmesartan modulating effect.Methods Autologous external jugular veins were grafted to common carotid arteries in 40 male Sprague Dawley rats.After surgery,rats were randomly assigned to the fol- lowing groups:sham;control;olmesartan treatment(10mg/kg.d by gavage);or physiological saline.The intimal thickness,the I/M in vein grafts was quantitated by HE stain.The expression and phosphorylation of focal adhe- sion kinase were assessed by Western-blotting,PCNA and ?-smooth muscle actin were measured by immunohisto- chemistry.Results Neointimal hyperplasia in control group was characterized by significantly increased intimal thickeness I/M(P

Objective To investigate the relationship between refractory hypertension and renal hemodynamics in end stage renal diseases (ESRD) patients.Methods ESRD patients were classified into:patients with refractory hypertension (group A) and patients with normal blood pressure(group B).Renal hemodynamic indices were ex- amined by duplex ultrasonography.Fasting serum lipid (TC,TG,HDL-C,LDL-C,Lp(a),ox-LDL) and serum parathyroid hormane (PTH) were determined in all patients.Results Significant differences were found in renal hemodynamic indices such as peak systolic velocity (PSV),mean flow velocity (MV),pulsatility index (PI),renal- aortic ratio (RAR) and in clinical index such as Lp(a) and ox-LDL between the two group.Refractory hyperten- sion patients had lower renal hemodynamic indices and higher Lp(a) and ox-LDL levels than in patients with con- trolled BP.Logistic regression analysis revealed that refractory hypertension was related with PSV,EDV,Pl and RAR,but not relevant with sex,age,dialysis time,hematocrit,BUN,creatinine,TC,TG,HDL-C,LDL-C, PTH,MV and RI.Conclusion Atherosclerotic renal artery stenosis and severe disorder in renal hemodynamics is likely the cause for refractory hypertention in ESRD patients.The rise of serum Lp(a) and ox-LDL might acceler- ate renal artery atherosclerosis.

Objective To investigate the difference between the blood pressure readings between sitting and supine position,and to study the factors that associated with the sitting-supine blood pressure difference in patient with diabetes.Methods We measured the sitting blood pressure first then followed by the supine pressure in 356 diabetic patients,using a standard mercury sphygmomanometer.Patient's body weight,height and blood glucose levels were also measured.Results SBP and DBP were significantly higher in the supine position than in sitting position in diabetic patients(by 3.5?7.6/1.5?4.9 mm Hg,P