Biliary atresia is a category of disease caused by biliary cirrhosis due to progressive fibro-inflammatory obstruction of extrahepatic and intrahepatic bile ducts, and eventually progresses into liver failure. It is a common indication for liver transplantation in children. In this article, the pathogenesis, diagnosis of biliary atresia, timing, procedures and postoperative complications of liver transplantation were illustrated. Meantime, current status and development of pediatric liver transplantation were discussed.

Pancreatic acinar cell carcinoma (PACC) is a malignant epithelial tumor arising from pancreatic epithelium, which is rare in clinical practice due to low incidence, and it has no specific clinical manifestations. Previous studies have reported that PACC accounts for merely 1%-2% of exocrine pancreatic tumors and 0.44% of pancreatic malignant tumors. This disease is challenging to diagnose, has low resection rates, and easily metastasizes. However, the prognosis is better than that of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.Understanding and mastering clinical diagnosis and treatment of PACC can improve diagnostic rate and clinical prognosis.

Autoimmune pancreatitis (AIP) is a special type of pancreatitis. Due to low clinical incidence and different epidemiological characteristics among regions, no consensus has been reached regarding the understanding of diagnosis and treatment of AIP. Due to lack of specific clinical symptoms, it is difficult to make an early diagnosis and the misdiagnosis rate is relatively high. In this article, based on recent guidelines on the diagnosis and treatment of AIP combined with clinical experience, research progress in the diagnosis and treatment of AIP was reviewed and analyzed, aiming to provide reference for improving the overall cure rate of AIP.