Objective To analyze the factors affecting the development of genome technology-based genetic testing services. Methods Purposive sampling was used to select experts in the field of genome or genetic testing. Following interview with 11 experts,data was obtained from 25 individuals and analyzed by using quantitative SWOT analysis, including the concept of SWOT method, Analytic Hierarchy Process,Internal Factor Evaluation ( IFE ) Matrix, and External Factor Evaluation ( EFE ) Matrix. Consistent ratio (CR) was chosen to test the logic. Results Of the 15 critical affecting factors, the weighting coefficient of deficiency of laws and market regulations, state supporting policies, and lack of intellectual property protection was 0. 099,0. 091 and 0. 087, respectively. The development of genetic testing services was found in the third quadrant of SWOT analysis. Conclusion These findings suggest that defensive strategy should be taken to improve genetic testing services and to reduce the risk of genetic testing.

Objectives To learn the effect of self-recognition-based healthy management on community diabetics. Methods A total of 40 community diabetics were evaluated and trained for 3 months.SPSS11.5 software was used for data analysis. Results At 3 months, some risk factors of diabetes,including body weight, body mass index (BMI), waist circumstance (WC), systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP) and 2 h postprandial blood sugar (PBS), were improved (P ＜0. 05). Male patients showed statistically significant reduction in body weight, BMI and WC ( P ＜ 0. 05 ).However, female subjects were found to have significant decline in body weight, BMI, WC, SBP and DBP (P＜0. 05). Those ＞60 year-old had significantly decreased body weight, BMI, WC, SBP, DBP and 2 h PBS ( P ＜ 0. 05). Lower levels of WC, SBP and triglyceride were seen in individuals ＜ 60 year-old ( P ＜0. 05 ). Conclusion Self-recognition-based healthy management could effectively reduce diabetic risk factors and prevent the development of diabetic complications.

Objective To investigate the relationship between metabolic syndrome (MS) and female subclinical carotid atherosclerosis. Methods A total of 835 female subjects were enrolled in this study. MS was defined based on the ATP Ⅲ criteria. Age groups were ＜45,45 to 65,and ≥65 years. The participants were evaluated by the number of components of MS and clusters of MS components. Measurement of carotid arteries with B-mode ultrasound imaging was performed. Intima-media thickness and plague of the carotid arteries were regarded as the indicators of subclinical carotid atherosclerosis. Results The prevalence of carotid atherosclerosis, MS components and MS was significantly increased with the increased age. After age was adjusted, multiple logistic regression analysis showed that every component of MS was independently associated with carotid atherosclerosis; the increased waist circumstance and blood pressure and reduced HLD showed stronger effect. The prevalence of carotid atherosclerosis was increased with increasing number of components of MS. When compared to the 0 MS component group,the odds ratio (OR)of carotid atherosclerosis of the groups with 1, 2,3,4, or 5 components were 1.4,2. 0,3.4,5. 7 and 7. 1,respectively. The altered cluster components of MS impacted differently on carotid atherosclerosis. The clusters of components of MS with increased waist circumstance were more frequent than without ones. Conclusion Every component of MS may be an independent risk factor of carotid atherosclerosis;increased components of MS could contribute higher odd risk to carotid atherosclerosis; clusters of MS components might show different impacts on carotid atherosclerosis.

Objective To explore the correlation between hyperuricaemia and blood pressure, and blood lipid and glucose. Methods By using simple cluster sampling, 2 branch units from PetroChina Changqing Oilfield Company were selected, and all the 720 subjects with hyperuricaemia (HUA) were assigned to the HUA group; another 620 participants with normal uric acid (UA) level into the normal group. The correlation between blood uric acid and blood pressure,and blood lipid and glucose was assessed by Logistic regression. Results The odds ratio (OR) of those who had 1,2 or 3 abnormal status of hypertension,hyperlipidemia and impaired fasting glucose in the HUA group were much higher than the normal group (OR values were 4. 036,2. 562, and 4. 174, respectively). Logistic regression showed that male, systolic blood pressure ( SBP), GLU, total cholesterol ( TC), triglyceride ( TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) were risk factors of H UA ( OR values were 7. 736,2. 309,1.721,2. 761 and 1. 411,respectively) ,while high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C, OR = 0. 211 ) was a protective factor of HUA. Conclusions Gender,blood pressure and blood lipid may have correlation with blood UA. Multiple risk factors should be considered to improve the effectiveness of health education and health promotion.

Objective To analyze the effects of health management of metabolic syndrome on the control of related risk factors. Methods A total of 430 patients diagnosed with metabolic syndrome in 2008completed questionnaire and before randomly assigned to the health management group ( n = 207 ) and the control group (n=223). One year later, all the participants were investigated for the risk factors of food intake, cigarette smoking, alcohol consumption, staying-up and emotion, and the changes of body mass index ( BMI), blood pressure ( BP), triglyceride (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL) and fasting blood glucose (FBG). Student's t test and x2 test were used for data analysis. Results For the health management group, the incidence of high-salt, high-fat and high-sugar intake, overtake of food, lack of physical exercises,staying-up and alcohol drinking was significantly decreased at 1 year (P ＜ 0. 05 ), when compared with baseline and the control group ( both P ＜ 0. 05 ). For the health management group, BMI,systolic blood pressure (SBP),TG and FBG was improved at 1 year (P＜0. 05). In comparison with the control group, BMI, SBP, diastolic blood pressure (DBP),TG and FBG of the management group were significantly improved (P ＜ 0. 05 ). Conclusions Patients with metabolic syndrome may have better treatment compliance after receiving systematized and individualized health management.

Objective To investigate blood uric acid levels in health check-up receivers in Tianjin City. Methods Blood uric acid levels in 28 661 health check-up participants were tested and the incidence of hyperuricaemia was analyzed. Blood pressure, body mass index, blood sugar, cholesterol and triglyceride were measured and compared. Results The average level of blood uric acid was (349±73 ) μ mol/L in male,and (256±59) μmol/L in female. The peak value in male was found in the 30 to 39 years old group,while in female the age was increased to 70 years old. The incidence of hyperuricaemia was higher in male ( 15. 2% vs 6. 3% ,P＜0.01). The level of blood sugar,triglycerides and total cholesterol was higher in the hyperuricaemia group. Also in the hyperuricaemia group, the incidence of overweight/obesity,hyperglycaemia, hyperlipidemia and hypertension was higher. Conclusions The incidence of hyperuricaemia in routine health check-up individuals in Tianjin City could be 11.3%. Blood uric acid may be significantly associated with metabolism.

Objective To understand the status quo and influencing factors of behavior problems in rural left-behind children. Methods Cross-sectional sampling approach was used for this comparative study.A total of 983 children of 7 to 9 grades from three counties of Changzhi City finished out questionnaires. Results The prevalence of behavior problems was significantly increased in the left-behind children in comparison with the non-left-behind children (59. 7% vs 50. 0% ; χ2 =5. 591 ,P＜0. 05). Long-time separation with mother and poorer education level were risk factors of behavior problems of left-behind children. Conclusion Behavior problems in rural left-behind children are even serious. Parents should avoid becoming a long-term migrant employee and have more concerns to children's mental and behavior health.

Objective To investigate the incidence and the risk factors of anxiety or depression and in the first degree relatives (FDRs) of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus ( T2DM ). Methods A total of 102 T2DM patients who visited our hospital from May to July 2010 and their FDRs completed SAS,SDS,and life satisfaction evaluation. The medical history of T2DM patients was collected and compared with their FDRs with or without mental disorders. The correlations of risk factors with anxiety or depression were analyzed, t test or X2 test were used for statistical analysis and a P value less than 0. 05 was considered statistically significant. Results The incidence of anxiety or depression of FDRs was 31.4% and 17.6%,respectively. The life satisfaction score of FDRs with mental disorders was significantly decreased ( t = 4. 26 and 4. 09, P＜0. 05 ). Fasting glucose level of T2DM patients with anxious or depressive FDRs was significantly increased ( t = -2. 48 and -2. 15, P＜0. 05 ). Higher medical cost and multiple treatment strategies were positively correlated with SAS and SDS score of the FDRs. Conclusion Higher incidence of mental disorders and lower satisfaction scores could be found in the FDRs of T2DM patients. Better control of blood glucose and reduced treatment cost and strategies may be useful in improving metal condition and life satisfaction of the FDRs of T2DM patients.

Objective To compare the reliability and validity of job content questionnaire (JCQ1.0) and effort-reward imbalance (ERI) questionnaire in job stress study for civil aviation staff. Methods One hundred and ten individuals were investigated by JCQ1. 0 and ERI questionnaire for job stress, and their reliability and validity were evaluated. Results In JCQ1. 0, high-strain, active, passive,and low-strain workers accounted for 23.6%, 20. 9%, 24. 5%, and 30. 9%. Job stress was found in 59. 1% in ERI. The internal consistency reliabilities (Cronbach α) of the 3 dimensions in JCQ1.0 ranged from 0. 10 to 0. 51, and the split-half reliability was 0. 50; however, the internal consistency reliabilities ( Cronbach α) of the 3 dimensions in ERI ranged from 0. 35 to 0. 79, and the split-half reliability was 0. 78.Most items of both questionnaires showed good construct validities. In factor analysis, total variance contribution was 64. 62% ( JCQ1. 0 ) and 58.08% ( ERI ), respectively. Conclusion ERI may be a reliable and valid tool of job stress assessment; however, JCQ1.0 seems to need further modification.

Objective To understand patient pathway and clinical characteristics of chronic diseases in urban areas of Shanghai. Methods A total of 10 002 residents were enrolled and assigned to the chronic disease group (including hypertension, diabetes, coronary heart disease, myocardial infarction, and ischemic stroke) and the non-chronic disease group. Body mass index,fasting blood glucose, triglyceride,total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol were tested.Difference of patient pathway and clinical characteristics of those chronic diseases was compared. Results Above chronic diseases were observed in 37.7% participants. About 2/3 diseases were confirmed and 80% patients were followed up in healthcare units not far away from home. Patients with coronary heart disease and myocardial infarction showed more outpatient visit to tertiary hospitals (P＜0. 05 ). However, patients with ischemic stroke had health check, rehabilitation and pharmacy done mainly in local healthcare centers (P＜0. 05 ). Diastolic blood pressure of patients visiting local doctors was significantly decreased (P＜0. 05). Conclusion Some differences in patient pathway were found in this study. Communication and cooperation between medical institutions should be intensified for effective chronic disease control.