Objective The purpose of the study is to analyse the counseling contents in psychological hot line during four years and the characteristics in different groups of the people. Methods Inputting all the completed recorders in hot line from January, 1995 to December, 1999, and using the Statistic Analysis System to analyse the data. Results The main age groups of the counseling people are 20～years and 30～years (77.39%), and 87.43 percent of the people has good education. The main counseling contents are related to mental disorders (23.61%), emotional difficulty (19.74%), love (17.07%), social intercourse (9.69%), marriage (9.15%), consulting for other persons (7.67%), sexual problems counseling (6.36%), and others. Conclusions The main groups of people in hot line are young and good educated people. The counseling contents have touched upon many areas, but mental disorder is the most numerous problems. The main problems in different groups of people are marked difference.

Objective To determine the prevalence of dental anxiety in children patients before tooth extraction.Methods　A modified Children's Fear Survey Schedule-Dental Subscale (CFSS-DS) and Venham's clinical ratings of anxiety and cooperative behavior were used in 150 children patients ranging in age from 5 to 12 years olds before tooth extraction. The former scale was answered by parents on behalf of their children, and the latter ratings was assessed by the author. Results　CFSS-DS scores and clinical ratings of behavior of the children were significantly higher in the children whose oral hygiene condition, dental experience, tooth extraction experience, spirit status on that day and whose mother's educational background were bad or low. A step regression analysis showed that oral hygiene condition had most significant interrelationship with both of the two scales（P＜0.01）. The correlation of the two scales was high (r=0.67).Conclusion　Children’s oral hygiene condition, dental experience, tooth extraction experience, spirit status on that day and their mother’s educational background are closely related to the dental anxiety level. Oral hygiene condition is the most important predictor of anxiety level before extraction and clinical ratings of behavior during extraction.

Depression is one of the most common mental disorders.Since 1960s,researchers have proposed a number of etiological hypotheses from the aspects of genetics,biochemistry,neuroendocrine and immune,but so far it has not been fully under-stood.Toll like receptor 4(TLR4),as a bridge between innate immunity and adaptive immunity,could induce inflammatory by activating related signal transduction pathways and promoting the expression of inflammatory factors in c-ells.More and more studies showed that the occurrence of depression was related to inflammation.Reviewing relationship of TLR4 and depressive disorder and exploring the effects of some interventions for depression on TLR4.Research on TLR4 shed light on pathological mechanism of depressive order.TLR4 could play an important role in inhibiting the production of 5-serotonin,the disorders of HPA axis,interfering with the hippocampus and cortical nerve regeneration,the autophagy of hippocampus.

Objective To explore the factors of relapse in alcohol-induced psychiatric and behavioral disorders.Methods103 male inpatients met with the diagnostic criteria of alcohol-induced psychiatric and behavioral disorders according to ICD-10 were enrolled.All patients were hospitalized from Wuxi Mental Center from January 2013 to August 2015.As baseline,information was obtained within all patients,and relapse was evaluated one year after discharge.The Kaplan-Meier method was used to statistically analyze the alcohol relapse time of patients with different length of hospitalization.Cox regression was used to explore the risk factors for alcohol relapse,including age,education level,marital status,family history,smoking,fixed income,number of hospitalizations,duration of alcohol intake,average daily alcohol intake,time of psychosis,psychiatric symptoms,length of hospitalization,physical condition and mental condition.Results(1)The analysis (log rank) showed that the length of hospitalization had no significant statistical differences with relapse(χ2=0.069,P=0.966).(2) The number of hospitalizations (RR=1.074,95%CI=1.002-1.151,P=0.042) and average daily alcohol intake(RR=1.035,95%CI=1.012-1.059,P=0.003) were the risk factors for relapse.ConclusionThe number of hospitalizations and average daily alcohol intake are risk factors for relapse within a year in male inpatients with alcohol-induced psychiatric and behavioral disorders.Prolonged hospital stay has no help to reduce relapse in those people.

The DSM-5 cross-cutting symptom measures were developed by the DSM-5 Task Force and Work Groups to serve as a review of mental systems in each patient who presents for mental health evaluation and treatment.The cross-cutting symptom measures have two levels.Level 1 questions are a brief survey for adult patients and for child and adolescent patients.Level 2 questions provide a more in depth assessment of certain domains.The comprehensive symptoms could be evaluated through the objective assessment other than symptoms fit nearly into the diagnostic criteria.The following are briefly introduced.

Objective To explore the relationship among job satisfaction,work engagement and organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) of nurses.MethodsA total of 497 nurses in 5 tertiary level general hospitals in Zhengzhou selected by convenience sampling,were investigated by Minnesota satisfaction questionnaire,nurses' OCB scale and the Utrecht Work Engagement Scale.ResultsThe scores of job satisfaction,work engagement,OCB were (78.63±11.34),(38.31±7.78),(106.33±10.26) respectively.Nurses' job satisfaction was positively correlated with work engagement and OCB(r=0.529,0.481,P<0.01),and work engagement was positively correlated with OCB(r=0.456,P<0.01).The job satisfaction and work engagement had a positive prediction effect on OCB(changed R2=34.8%),and work engagement played a partial moderation effect between job satisfaction and OCB,the mediating effect accounted for 30.77% of the total effect.ConclusionManagers should take measures to improve job satisfaction and work engagement to promote OCB of nurses.

Objective To explore the relationship among personality traits,aggression,depression,anxiety and suicide ideation by developing a structural equation model.MethodsA total of 2141 participants derived from a stratified random cluster sampling were investigated with Eysenck personality questionnaire(EPQ),aggression questionnaire(AQ),patient health questionnaire depression scale(PHQ-9) ,generalized anxiety disorder scale(GAD-7) and Beck depression inventory(BDI-13).ResultsIn EPQ,the scores of neuroticism,extroversion and psychoticism were (40.00±5.84),(59.84±7.02)and (36.63±6.41) respectively.In AQ,the scores of physical aggression,verbal aggression and anger were (32.41±5.15),(30.43±7.24),and (34.39±6.09) respectively.The median scores of PHQ-9 and GAD-7 were 5 and 6,and the inter-quartile range were 4 and 5.The suicide ideation was correlated with measurement indicator respectively(r=-0.19-0.40,P<0.01).Aggression and depression directly affected suicide ideation(direct effect was 0.27,0.24 respectively) and aggression indirectly affected suicide ideation trough anxiety(indirect effect was 0.02).Personality traits indirectly affected suicide ideation through aggression,anxiety and depression(indirect effect was 0.40).Anxiety indirectly affected suicide ideation through depression(indirect effect was 0.13).ConclusionPersonality traits,aggression,anxiety and depression affect suicide ideation,and these factors have different effecting mechanism.

Objective To investigate the role of resilience on cognitive function in older adults.MethodsBy random sampling,a total of 321 older adults participated the present study and were investigated by Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale,Mini Mental State Examination and self-designed general questionnaire.ResultsThe score of resilience in older adults (82.75±15.13) was significantly higher than that of Chinese community people (65.40±13.90) (t=20.68,P<0.01).Older adults with poor resilience performed significantly lower on all dimensions of cognitive abilities than the other two groups (middle & higher resilience group) (all P<0.05).With both age and educational level controlled,tenacity and strength were of positive prediction for the cognitive abilities of older adults (β=0.25,0.17,P<0.05).ConclusionThere is a close relationship between resilience and cognitive function of older adults.The training of tenacity,strength and optimism will help delay the decline of cognitive function.

Objective To study the features and neural mechanism of pain empathy in autistic individuals.MethodsTotally 21 subjects with high level autistic traits and 22 subjects with low level autism traits completed the pain empathy task,recording RT and accuracy automatically.The event-related potentials(ERPs) were recorded by Neuroscan system simultaneously.Results(1)From the behavioral results,the IRI scores of the two groups had significant differences in the factors of perspective taking ((23.71±4.16) vs (26.95±3.24)),empathy concerning ((24.10±4.04) vs (26.36±2.82)) and personal distress ((24.19±3.59) vs (19.82±3.96)) (t=-2.86,P<0.01;t=-2.14,P<0.05;t=3.79,P<0.01).The factor of fantasy of the two groups didn't exit significant differences (t=-1.50,P>0.05).(2) According to the behavioral result of pain empathy test,the main effect of task type in reaction time and accuracy of the two groups had significant difference (F(1,41)=24.21,P<0.01;F(1,41)=152.10,P<0.01),but the main effect of emotion type and group didn't reach significant level (F(1,41)=1.11,P>0.05,F(1,41)=0.29,P>0.05;F(1,41)=3.20,P>0.05,F(1,41)=0.14,P>0.05).(3)From the results of ERP,the main effect of emotion type,task type and group didn't reach the significant level in the N2 amplitude of the two groups(F(1,41)=0.04,P>0.05;F(1,41)=0.08,P>0.05;F(1,41)=3.86,P>0.05).The main effect of emotion type had significant difference in the P3 amplitude of the two groups(F(1,41)=8.27,P<0.01),but there was no significant difference in the main effect of task type and group(F(1,41)=2.48,P>0.05,F(1,41)=0.25,P>0.05).It had significant difference in LPP amplitude in the main effect of emotion type,task type and group(F(1,41)=32.07,P<0.01;F(1,41)=8.63,P<0.01;F(1,41)=4.73,P<0.05).ConclusionsThere are differences in the abilities of empathy between the high and low level autistic traits groups,especially in the late processing of pain empathy.

Objective To explore the effect of daily life ability training guided by adaptation model in dementia patients with Alzheimer's disease(AD).Methods32 patients with dementia of AD were divided into experimental group(n=16) and control group(n=16) according to the random number method.The patients in two groups were treated with conventional drugs.The patients in experimental group were trained for daily living ability guided by adaptation mode for 6 months in addition.Scale of Clinical Assessment for Geriatrics (SCAG) and Activity of Daily Living Scale (ADL) were assessed before and after six months.Results(1)After 6 months training,the total scores of ADL and SCAG and the scores of each factor in the experimental group were significantly different from those of the control group (P<0.05).(2) After 6 months training,the total score of the ADL scale in the experimental group was decreased than that before training((41.34± 11.02),(34.14± 8.40)),and the difference was statistically significant (t=2.08,P<0.05).(3) Compared with that before training,the total score of the SCAG scale in the experimental group was significantly decreased(92.56±4.24,75.31±6.26,t=9.12,P<0.05).ConclusionThe daily life ability training guided by adaptation model is effective in the treatment of dementia patients with AD.The adaptive model is available in home care,community daycare institutions and geriatric ward for patients with dementia in AD.