Gliomas is a global cell-originated tumor that is the most common primary intracranial tumor.World Health Organization (WHO) classification of glioma is WHO Ⅰ-Ⅳ,and WHO Ⅰ-Ⅱ are the lower-grade gliomas(LGG),WHO Ⅲ-Ⅳ are the higher-grade gliomas(HGG).With the development of modern radiotherapy and radiobiology,radiation therapy become an integral role in treating gliomas.Different grade of the gliomas will have different characteristics and treatment strategy.China expert diagnosis and treatment guildline of central nervous system glioma has been published in 2016.However,there was no relevant consensus specialized on glioma radiotherapy in China untill now.Therefore,after discussion and communication according to evidencebased medicine,a consensus was made among China Society for Radiation Oncology (CSTRO) composed of Chinese glioma experts.The consensus includes radiation therapy for HGG,LGG,diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma,ependymom,recurrent spinal cord glioblastoma,elderly patients,pediatric gliomas and pseudoprogression.The consensus will provide in-depth analysis and summarize the concernedquestion of radiation therapy in clinical work.Meanwhile,this consensus would strive to further standardize the application of radiation therapy in glioma treatment to provide evidence-based guidance.

Although genome-wide association studies have identified more than eighty genetic variants associated with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) risk, biological mechanisms of these variants remain largely unknown. By integrating a large-scale genotype data of 15 581 lung adenocarcinoma (AD) cases, 8350 squamous cell carcinoma (SqCC) cases, and 27 355 controls, as well as multiple transcriptome and epigenomic databases, we conducted histology-specific meta-analyses and functional annotations of both reported and novel susceptibility variants. We identified 3064 credible risk variants for NSCLC, which were overrepresented in enhancer-like and promoter-like histone modification peaks as well as DNase I hypersensitive sites. Transcription factor enrichment analysis revealed that USF1 was AD-specific while CREB1 was SqCC-specific. Functional annotation and gene-based analysis implicated 894 target genes, including 274 specifics for AD and 123 for SqCC, which were overrepresented in somatic driver genes (ER = 1.95, P = 0.005). Pathway enrichment analysis and Gene-Set Enrichment Analysis revealed that AD genes were primarily involved in immune-related pathways, while SqCC genes were homologous recombination deficiency related. Our results illustrate the molecular basis of both well-studied and new susceptibility loci of NSCLC, providing not only novel insights into the genetic heterogeneity between AD and SqCC but also a set of plausible gene targets for post-GWAS functional experiments.
Adenocarcinoma of Lung/genetics* ; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/genetics* ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/genetics* ; Genetic Heterogeneity ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; Genome-Wide Association Study ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms/genetics* ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide