No abstract available.
Cholesterol* ; Granuloma* ; Temporal Bone*

No abstract available.
Audiometry, Speech* ; Otitis Media* ; Otitis*

No abstract available.
Complement System Proteins* ; Otitis Media with Effusion* ; Otitis Media* ; Otitis*

BACKGROUND: Although the superior reperfusion and improved clinical outcome following angioplasty for acute myocardial infarction (AMI) have been well known, 10 to 15% of reinfarction and recurrent ischemia in hospital are main limitation of primary percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA). This study was undertaken to examine the safety and feasibility of stent-supported primary angioplasty in acute myocardial infarction. METHODS: Between July 1995 and Jun. 1997, 32 patients underwent direct or rescue PTCA, including patients with cardiogenic shock. After PTCA, stenting was attempted in patient with dissection or having more than 30% of residual stenosis. Result: In patient with direct PTCA, angiographic success rate was obtained in 91% (30/32). Stenting was attempted in 15 of 30 patients. These patients had suboptimal results (8 patients), non-occlusive dissection (3 patients) and acute occlusion (2 patient). Thrombolysis in myocardial infarction (TIMI) grade 3 flow was restored in 28 patients (93%). In one patient no-reflow phenomena was observed following stent insertion. Despite intra-aortic balloon pumping, there was one death during the hopitalization due to cardiogenic shock following PTCA. Subacute stent thrombosis developed in two patients. 27 patients (90%) were event-free and clinically improved through out the follow up period (11.5+/-5.2 month). Quantitative angiography showed excellent angiographic result after stenting compared with balloon PTCA (2.4+/-0.6 mm vs. 3.4+/-0.3 mm p<0.01). CONCLUSION: After failure of initial angioplasty, coronary stenting can be a supportive therapeutic strategy. Coronary stenting results in a high degree of angiographic success, a low incidence of subacute thrombosis.
Angiography ; Angioplasty* ; Angioplasty, Balloon* ; Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary ; Constriction, Pathologic ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Incidence ; Intra-Aortic Balloon Pumping ; Ischemia ; Myocardial Infarction* ; Reperfusion ; Shock, Cardiogenic ; Stents ; Thrombosis

For young children with scoliosis before growth spurt, suhcutaneous lengthening without fusion was designed by Harrington and modified by Moe and Luque. However, many problems including spontaneous fusion, rod breakage, and hook disloclgement have been ohserved. CotrelDubousset(CD) instrumentation was sometimes used, but it usually resulted in failure due to soft tissue adhesion around the rough surface of ordinary CD rod. We tried to use the smooth CD rod, transvcrse-pedicle clawing on the upper part, and pedicle screw inscrtion on upper and lower part of the curve to reduce the hardware failures. Among 8 patients in whom suhcutaneous lengthening with smooth CD rod was carried out hetween October l992 and Suly 1996. 4 cases perfomed with final spinal fusion were analysed. There were I central core disease, 1 multicore disease and 2 idiopathic scoliosis(infantile and juvenile type). Mean age at the first operation was l0.0(8.8-11.8) years, and the Risser sign was all grade 0 except one with grade 1. Suhcutaneous lengthening was performed every 5 or 6 months Mean lengthening duration was 22(9-39) months and mean age at spinal fusion was 11.7(9.6-13.8) years. Mean Cobb angle decreased from 7ldegrees (55degrees-88degrees) at preoperative stage to 32 (10degrees-59degrees) at the last follow-up. There were 5 complications during 21 operations, and three hardware failures comprised 2 hook dislodgcment and 1 screw pull-out. Crankshaft phenomenon happened in I case who had had a posterior fusion in young age(9.6 years) due to laminar fracture. The suhcutaneous lengthening with smooth CD rod can he another option of treatment for young children with severe scoliosis. prescrving the powth potential of involved vertebrae with few complications.
Animals ; Child* ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hoof and Claw ; Humans ; Myopathy, Central Core ; Scoliosis* ; Spinal Fusion ; Spine ; Tissue Adhesions

Transglutaminase (TGase) isoenzymes are involved in the process of the differentiation and cornification of keratinocytes in the epidermis. This study investigates the presence and localization of three TGase isoenzymes to elucidate the nature and differentiation status of the squamous epithelium in human aural cholesteatoma. Twenty cholesteatoma specimens were used. The presence and localization of three TGase isoenzymes were studied by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and immunohistochemistry. mRNA expression of three TGase isoenzymes were detected in the tested cholesteatomas with variable levels. The immunohistochemical staining patterns of three TGase isoenzymes showed variations within specimens, relating to keratinizing activity. TGase K is the most abundant among three isoenzymes. Keratinizing epithelium of cholesteatoma have similar expression profiles of TGase isoenzymes with those of epidermis of the skin. Other areas, particularly those showing non-keratinizing epithelium, showed weak immunostaining of TGase E and C, suggesting its different maturation status from keratinizing epithelium. The results of this study indicate that epithelium of cholesteatoma undergoes same direction of maturation and differentiation characteristics as the epidermis of skin, evidenced by similar expressions of TGases both in mRNA level and immunohistochemistry.
Cell Differentiation ; Cholesteatoma, Middle Ear/genetics ; Cholesteatoma, Middle Ear/enzymology* ; Comparative Study ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Epidermis/enzymology ; Epithelial Cells/enzymology ; Human ; Immunohistochemistry ; Isoenzymes/metabolism ; Isoenzymes/genetics ; Keratinocytes/enzymology ; Protein-Glutamine gamma-Glutamyltransferase/metabolism* ; Protein-Glutamine gamma-Glutamyltransferase/genetics ; RNA, Messenger/metabolism ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to identify nursing interventions performed by public health nurses in health centers. METHOD: Data was collected by the taxonomy of Nursing Intervention Classification (NIC 3rd: 486 nursing interventions) from 131 public health nurses in health centers and analyzed using descriptive statistics. RESULT: As its result, more than 50% of public health nurses performed 137 nursing interventions at least monthly. The most frequently used intervention class was 'activity and exercise management', followed by 'physical comfort promotion', 'community health promotion', 'life span care', 'coping assistance', 'Self care facilitation', 'information management', 'nutrition support', 'community risk management' and 'patient education'. One hundred twenty nursing interventions were rarely performed by 90% or more of the nurses. Most of them were the physical complex domain. CONCLUSION: In conclusion, 137 interventions were performed by public health nurses at least monthly. NIC is helpful to build a standardized language for public health nursing.
Hospitals, Community ; Humans ; Nursing Care/*classification/*statistics & numerical data ; *Nursing Informatics ; Public Health Nursing/*statistics & numerical data ; Terminology as Topic

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: It is rare to find any studies reporting on the practical measurements of landmarks in the paranasal sinuses that are done intraoperatively as well as comparative analysis on the anatomical and radiological measurements of the paranasal sinuses. The aim of this study was to analyze the anatomical measurements of the paranasal sinuses using nasal endoscope and CT scout films to determine the statistical significance. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In 130 patients the authors used bayonet forceps and seekers to measure the distances from the anterior nares to some of the intranasal structures, such as the uncinate process, bulla ethmoidalis, basal lamella, maxillary ostium, posterior wall of ethmoid sinus, anterior wall of sphenoid sinus and posterior wall of sphenoid sinus. Then, using the CT scout films, we measured the distances between the anterior nasal spine and the basal lamella (B.L.), the anterior wall of sphenoid sinus (A.W.S.), and the posterior wall of sphenoid sinus (P.W.S.). We analyzed the mean values of the basal lamella, the anterior and posterior wall of sphenoid sinus from all the available data in order to compare the endoscopic and radiologic measurements, and carried out a paired t-test. RESULTS: There was a statistically significant discrepancy in the comparative analysis of the CT scout film and the endoscopic measurements of the basal lamella, anterior wall of sphenoid sinus and posterior wall of sphenoid sinus, althought there were no significant discrepancy for basal lamella in female patients (p>0.05). CONCLUSION: The differnces between the CT and operative measurements observed in this study were due to differnt measuring points, differences in the measuring angles, and inaccurate locations of the landmarks on the CT scout films owing to their small sizes. These findings indicate that a more accurate method need to be introduced in using the CT films to measure the anatomical landmarks in the paranasl sinuses.
Endoscopes* ; Ethmoid Sinus ; Female ; Humans ; Paranasal Sinuses* ; Sphenoid Sinus ; Spine ; Surgical Instruments

Laryngeal chondrosarcoma is an uncommon cartilaginous tumor very rarely encountered in the head and neck but most commonly in the sarcoma of the larynx. They occur most often in middle aged and older men. The prognosis of this tumor is potentially poor and surgical resection is generally recommended for the treatment. No benefit of chemotherapy or radiotherapy in chondrosarcoma has been documented in the literature. A 57 year-old male visited our clinic with history of dyspnea and hoarseness. Direct laryngoscopy showed a submucoid, intraluminal mass in subglottic space arising from posterolateral part of the cricoid cartilage. Neck computed tomography revealed a large calcified mass in the larynx. The perioperative frozen section showed it to be grade I chondrosarcoma of the cricoid cartilage. Conservative surgery with complete excision of tumor was performed through laryngofissure approach after tracheostomy. Follow up assesment was performed under close check up at 12 months after the surgery, but we found neither recurrence nor metastasis.
Chondrosarcoma* ; Cricoid Cartilage* ; Drug Therapy ; Dyspnea ; Equidae ; Follow-Up Studies ; Frozen Sections ; Head ; Hoarseness ; Humans ; Laryngoscopy ; Larynx ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neck ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Prognosis ; Radiotherapy ; Recurrence ; Sarcoma ; Tracheostomy

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Tonsillectomy is one of the most common surgical procedures in otolaryngologic field and it can be carried out under general anesthesia or local anesthesia. The author compared tonsillectomy under local anesthesia to general anesthesia with respect to operation, anesthesia and recovery time as well as satisfaction of the patients. SUBJECTS AND METHOD: Fifty patients who underwent tonsillectomy were divided into a local anesthesia group (25 patients) and a general anesthesia group (25 patients). Parameters such as time spent for anesthesia, operation, recovery time, episodes of cautery, initiation of normal daily life including normal diet, pain, and complication were compared between the two groups. Paired student t-tests were used for statistical analysis. RESULTS: Among other parameters, local tonsillectomy was superior in terms of saving time during anesthesia, operation, recovery as well as hospital course compared to tonsillectomy under general anesthesia. However, ease on the initiation of normal daily life including normal diet, pain, and complication did not differ between the two groups. CONCLUSION: The author feels that local tonsillectomy should be advocated not only for time saving during operation, anesthesia and recovery but also for the satisfaction or compliance of the patients. In these respects, it is suggested that more active training should be provided to surgeons during their residency on tonsillectomy under local anesthesia.
Anesthesia ; Anesthesia, General* ; Anesthesia, Local* ; Cautery ; Compliance ; Diet ; Humans ; Internship and Residency ; Tonsillectomy*