PURPOSE: It is critical that evidence from research is applied to everyday nursing practice to improve the quality of care and health outcomes. Aims of this study were to review high-risk infant related studies published in major nursing and non-nursing journals in Korea and to assess the quality of intervention studies. METHODS: Through the Korean literature search engine of RISS.KR the authors identified 132 studies, and two researchers evaluated each of these studies using the analysis criteria. The quality of intervention studies was assessed using the van Tulder Scale. RESULTS: Among the studies, 40.2% were either thesis or dissertation and 86.4% were quantitative studies. Convenience sampling was the most commonly used sampling method. All experimental studies were quasi-experiment except one pre-experiment study. Sensory stimulation and kangaroo care were the most common interventions for high-risk infants. Over half of the intervention studies were assessed to be "low risk of bias" but both randomization and blinding processes were not adequately satisfied in most of the studies. CONCLUSION: Findings of this study suggest that high-risk infants are more likely to be recruited for experimental studies but types of interventions were very limited. To provide evidence-based care for high-risk infants, rigorously conducted experimental studies should be encouraged.
Humans ; Infant* ; Infant, Newborn ; Infant, Premature ; Clinical Trial* ; Korea ; Macropodidae ; Nursing ; Random Allocation ; Search Engine

PURPOSE: This study was designed to explore nursing students' knowledge, attitudes and intention to report cases of child abuse. METHODS: A descriptive research design was used with a convenience sample of 202 nursing students. After explaining the purpose of the study, participants who signed the consent form were asked to complete a self-descriptive questionnaire, which included the Child Abuse Intension Scale (CARIS). RESULTS: The number of correct answers for knowledge of child abuse and the law was 7.0/13. The mean scores were, for attitude toward childrearing belief and discipline, 17.1±5.2, for punishment and culpability of offender or victim, 24.6±4.1, for professional responsibility, 30.5±5.1, and for perceived behavioral control, 25.3±5.0. The intended reporting behavior differed significantly by severity of abuse. Factors influencing the intention to report child abuse were attitude towards punishment of parents, professional responsibility, and perceived behavioral control (R2=.133). CONCLUSION: On the basis of our finding, developing education programs to help nursing students detect child abuse and improve reporting rates is important. Thus, we suggests that nursing students be provided with educational protocol for detection and reporting of child abuse.
Behavior Control* ; Child ; Child Abuse* ; Child* ; Consent Forms ; Criminals ; Education ; Humans ; Intention* ; Jurisprudence ; Nursing* ; Parents ; Punishment ; Research Design ; Students, Nursing

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to investigate factors that influence maturity fears in elementary school girls. METHODS: The participants were 118 3rd and 4th grade students from 3 elementary schools in 3 cities in Korea. Data were collected using questionnaires which included measurement scales for the relative variables and demographic data. Data were analyzed using t-test, ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficients, and hierarchial regression analysis with SPSS/WIN 21.0. RESULTS: The significant predictors of maturity fears were weight, father-child communication, frequency of maturity communication with father, and close relation with mother. CONCLUSION: For effective management of maturity fears in elementary school girls, programs including weight control, functional communication with father and supportive nurturance of mother should be developed.
Fathers ; Female* ; Humans ; Korea ; Mothers ; Sexual Maturation* ; Weights and Measures

PURPOSE: The purposes of this review were to address misconceptions of childhood fever and fever management practice among parents and health care providers, and to identify the scientific evidences against such misconceptions and practices. METHODS: Journal databases and clinical guidelines from 2000 to 2015 were searched. The search terms were fever, fever management, misconception, myth, fiction, fact, fever phobia, child, antipyretics, tepid bath, alternating use/combined use of antipyretics, and physical cooling method. RESULTS: There are significant gaps between current concepts and practices, and the scientific evidence. Misconceptions and unrealistic concerns about childhood fever still exist among parents and even health care providers, worldwide. The evidences suggest that antipyretics should be given carefully with the aim of relieving discomfort or pain rather than decreasing the temperature itself. Alternating use of antipyretics should be discouraged due to the risk of confusion and error. Antipyretics do not prevent febrile convulsions. Moreover, the scientific evidence does not support tepid sponge massage. CONCLUSION: Evidence-based childhood fever management interventions should be targeted toward parents and health care providers. By adopting an evidence-based approach to nursing interventions, pediatric nurses can ensure children receive appropriate and safe fever management.
Antipyretics ; Baths ; Child ; Evidence-Based Practice ; Fever* ; Health Personnel ; Humans ; Massage ; Nursing ; Parents ; Phobic Disorders ; Porifera ; Seizures, Febrile

PURPOSE: This study was done to examine the effect of direct practice of newborn health assessment on nursing student's clinical competence and self-efficacy and to propose effective strategies for clinical education on newborn care. METHODS: Design was a nonequivalent control group quasi-experimental study. The direct practice program was composed of a lecture, demonstration, drill and feedback using a manikin, and repeated direct practice regarding newborn health assessment. Participants were 65 student nurses taking the pediatric nursing practicum in the nursery room at M hospital. The experimental group (n=33) participated in the direct practice program for newborn health assessment and the control group (n=32) received the traditional practice method. Nursing clinical competence was assessed by two nurse investigators and structured questionnaires were used to measure self-efficacy. RESULTS: The experimental group's clinical competence was significantly higher than that of the control group (t=-4.82, p=.000). However no significant difference was found between the two groups for self-efficacy (t=1.264, p=.211). CONCLUSION: These findings indicate that the direct practice program is effective in improving nursing student's clinical competence, but it was not effective in increasing self-efficacy. Direct practice in various clinical education settings is recommended and longitudinal effects be evaluated.
Clinical Competence* ; Education ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn* ; Manikins ; Nurseries ; Nursing* ; Pediatric Nursing ; Research Personnel

PURPOSE: Involvement of families in rounds is one strategy to implement patient- and family-centered care to help families get clear information about their child, and be actively involved in decision making. The purpose of this paper was to identify the major concepts of family-centered rounds for hospitalized children. METHODS: We searched five electronic databases for relevant articles and used Whittemore and Knafl's integrative review methods to synthesize the literature. Articles published between June 2003 and January 2016 were reviewed and through full text screening 24 peer-reviewed articles were found that met the selection criteria for this review. RESULTS: Through in-depth discussion and investigation of the relevant literature, four overarching components emerged: (a) cognition of parents and medical staff, (b) effective communication, (c) collaboration of family and medical staff, (d) coaching of medical staff. CONCLUSION: For successful family-centered rounds positive cognition is important. Appropriate communication skills and consideration of multi-cultural family can lead to effective communication. Offering consistent and transparent information is important for collaboration between family and medical staff. Prior education on family-centered rounds is also important. Four major components have been identified as basic standards for implementing family-centered rounds for hospitalized children.
Child ; Child, Hospitalized* ; Cognition ; Cooperative Behavior ; Decision Making ; Education ; Family Nursing ; Humans ; Mass Screening ; Medical Staff ; Parents ; Patient Selection ; Teaching Rounds

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to identify the relationship between mother child-rearing attitude, language control styles and preschool child's social competence, and also, to provide a basis for development of a program to promote preschool child's social competence. METHODS: The present study was a descriptive research. Participants in this study were a convenience sample of 300 preschool children and their mothers. For the final analysis 264 questionnaires were used after eliminating questionnaires with incomplete responses. Data were analyzed using the SPSS 18.0 program. RESULTS: The mean score for mother's child-rearing attitude was 3.31±0.25 out of 5 points, for hierarchical language control styles (2.76±0.62), commanding (1.95±0.58), and humanistic (2.48±0.62) out of 5 points, and for child's social competence, 3.50±0.34 out of 5 points. Negative correlations were found between commanding language control styles and child's social competence (r=-.34, p<.001), and between commanding language control style and mother's child-rearing attitude (r=-.50, p<.001). CONCLUSION: The results demonstrate the importance of the quality of mother's child-rearing attitude and language control styles for child's social competence. It is suggested that promotion programs to enhance preschool child's social competence should be developed in conjunction with the parenting related environment.
Child, Preschool ; Humans ; Mental Competency* ; Mothers ; Parenting ; Parents

PURPOSE: This study was done to identify the level of knowledge and practice of self-management on asthma of school-aged children and to provide data for the development of an intervention program to improve self-management on asthma. METHODS: The participants were 100 school-aged children who were treated currently for asthma in J city located in G province. Data were collected from 25th August to 30th October 2014. RESULTS: The mean scores were 14.37 of 20 for self-management knowledge (percentage of correct answer 71.9%), 21.65 of 30 for self-management practice. There were significant differences in knowledge according to grade, diagnosed age, food allergy, education on asthma and hardship in school life, and in practice according to gender and economic status, hardship in school life and experience of first-aid on asthma. There were positive correlations between knowledge and practice. CONCLUSION: Results indicate that school-aged children' knowledge and practice in self-management of asthma were not sufficient enough to perform accurate management of asthma. Therefore, to improve self-management ability of school-aged children to manage effectively asthma, educational strategies that focus on increasing knowledge need to be developed.
Asthma* ; Child* ; Education ; Food Hypersensitivity ; Humans ; Self Care*

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to identify breastfeeding practice with late preterm infants (LPIs), and to determine predictors of exclusive breastfeeding at the 12th week after discharge. METHODS: The participants were 106 mothers of LPIs hospitalized in neonatal intensive care units at two university hospitals. Data were collected between February and October, 2013. Questionnaires included characteristics of LPIs, their mothers, and feeding-related characteristics. Feeding methods were exclusive breastfeeding, mixed feeding, and formula feeding. RESULTS: Exclusive breastfeeding steadily increased from 5.7% at the 1st week to 19.8% at the 12th week, as did formula feeding from 27.3% to 67.9%. Contrarily, mixed feeding decreased from 67.0% at the 1st week to 12.3% at the 12th week. The ratio of formula feeding was higher than that of exclusive breastfeeding over time. Predictors for exclusive breastfeeding were the following: type of delivery (OR=2.96, 95%CI=1.07-8.14), feeding intolerance (OR=3.03, 95%CI=1.26-7.25) and feeding method during hospitalization (OR=7.84, 95%CI=3.15-19.53). CONCLUSION: In order to increase breastfeeding opportunities for LPIs, educational programs for gestational age-appropriate breastfeeding should be developed. The focus of breastfeeding education needs to be on mothers who delivered their LPIs through Cesarean-section and LPIs who had feeding intolerance or were fed only formula during hospitalization.
Breast Feeding* ; Education ; Feeding Methods ; Hospitalization ; Hospitals, University ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Infant, Premature* ; Intensive Care Units, Neonatal ; Mothers ; Prevalence*

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of child-care efficacy, job efficacy, and health promoting lifestyle on the job satisfaction of in-home child care helpers who are called Idolbomi. METHODS: Participants for this survey were 153 in-home child care helpers who worked in Seoul. Data were collected from May 23 to October 17, 2014 using self-report structured questionnaires. Data were analyzed using IBM/SPSS 18.0 program. RESULTS: There were significantly positive correlations between child-care efficacy, job efficacy, health promoting lifestyle, and job satisfaction. Stepwise multiple regression analysis revealed that the predictors of job satisfaction were spiritual growth, education level, job efficacy, effect of income. CONCLUSION: Therefore, we need to develop strategies to enhance the job efficacy and health promoting lifestyle of in-home child care helpers to improve their job satisfaction.
Child ; Child Care* ; Child* ; Education ; Health Promotion ; Humans ; Job Satisfaction* ; Life Style* ; Self Efficacy ; Seoul