Objective To analyze the injury causes and types in the inpatients first discharged from the Department of Orthopedic Trauma,Nanfang Hospital after treatment of injury from 2013 to 2017.Methods An epidemiological survey was conducted on the inpatients first discharged from the Department of Orthopedic Trauma,Nanfang Hospital after injury treatment from January 2013 to December 2017.Their data were extracted by information system IBM SPSS 23.0 for analyses of their gender,regional origin,distribution of injury causes and types.Results From 2013 to 2017,a total of 6,736 inpatients were first discharged after treatment of injury.The total ratio of male to female was 2.71∶ 1.Although the male to female ratios were significantly different between different years (x2 =10.755,P =0.029),the proportions of males were all over 70％.Although the distribution of regional origins of the patients was significantly different between different years (x2 =86.193,P ＜ 0.001),the patients mostly came from the regions outside the administrative district where Nanfang Hospital was located,especially those from the provinces other than Guangdong.The major external cause of injury was falling,followed by exposure to inanimate mechanical violence.There were differences in external cause of injury between different age groups.Wrist and hand injury,knee and lower leg injury,shoulder and upper arm injury were the top three sorts of injury for hospitalization.Wrist and hand injury was mainly found in the age group from 20 to 29 years old,knee and lower leg injury mostly in the age group from 30 to 39 years old,and shoulder and upper arm injury mainly in the age group younger than 10 years old,hip and thigh injury mostly in the age group older than 70 years old.Conclusions Falling was the major external cause of injury;injury predominated in males;the majority of the patients came from the regions outside the administrative district where Nanfang Hospital was located;wrist and hand injury were more common in young people while hip and thigh injury more common in the elderly.