No abstract available.
Esophageal Motility Disorders* ; Gastroesophageal Reflux*

No abstract available.
Constipation* ; Diagnosis*

No abstract available.
Esophageal Motility Disorders*

No abstract available.
Candida* ; Esophagitis* ; HIV Infections* ; HIV* ; Humans

An appreciation of the radiation changes in the brain adjacent to radiated glioma is of considerable importance from both clinical and pathological standpoint because the alteration in the brain parenchyma may result in a picture that mimics recurrence of the neoplasm. A 35 years old woman was admitted because of deterioration of consciousness which has started about 20 days ago. Past history revealed removal of left frontal brain tumor 4 years earlier and the diagnosis was grade II astroma. Postoperative radiation was done at that time. Sine then, she has been doing well. Computerized tomogram showed an ill defined huge low density mass at right frontal and left posterior parietal areas, which was irregularly enhanced in postcontrast study. Unlikely to the usual brain tumors, there was no mass effect on adjacent structures. Histologically acellular necrotic zone was alternating with hypercellular zone and most striking changes were vascular and glial reaction. Most of the vessels showed acellular hyliane thickening of their wall and some vessels were almost completely occluded. There was marked glial proliferation with considerable cellular and nuclear irregularities. Gemistocytic astrocytes were frequently seen and some were multinucleated.
Female ; Humans

OBJECTIVES: Nonspecific esophageal motility disorder(NEMD) is a vague category used to group poorly defined contraction abnormalities. We evaluated the clinical characteristics and esophageal transit time (ETT) in patients with NEMD. METHODS: Total 205 patients with NEMD were compared with 20healthy controls and 99patients with other motility disorders of the esophagus. Esophageal manometry was performed with a lowcompliance pneumohydraulic capillary infusion system and esophageal scintigraphy was performed for the liquid and solid swallow after manometric study. RESULTS: 1) Among the total 258abnormal contractions in 205patients with NEMD, non-transmitted contractions were 125(45.5%), low amplitude 110(42.6%), triple peaked 3(1.2%), prolonged duration contractions 12(4.7%) and isolated incomplete LES relaxation 8(3.1%). 2) NEMD patients have significantly delayed ETT similar to that seen in patients with diffuse esophageal spasm, nutcracker esophagus, hypertensive lower esophageal sphincter for liquid, and diffuse esophageal spasm, hypertensive lower esophageal sphincter for solid. 3) ETT for liquid and solid according to abnormal contractions were 39.0 and 55.6seconds in non-transmitted, 38.3, 68.4 seconds in low amplitude, 17.0, 30.0 seconds in triple peaked, 29.4, 25.8 seconds in prolonged-duration contractions and 13.7, 15.5 seconds in isolated incomplete LES relaxation, respectively. CONCLUSION: Patients with NEMD have significantly delayed ETT for liquid and solid compare to normal control. The main abnormal contractions of NEMD were non-transmitted and low amplitude contractions. And low amplitude contractions were the main cause of delayed solid transit in patients with NEMD(p<0.01).
Capillaries ; Esophageal Motility Disorders* ; Esophageal Spasm, Diffuse ; Esophageal Sphincter, Lower ; Esophagus ; Humans ; Manometry ; Radionuclide Imaging ; Relaxation

With remarkable progress in upper GI endoscopy; it has been applied to therapeutid purpose. ln this paper, we present one suceessful case of endoscopic extraction of BADUG STONE by biopsy forceps and contraceytive condom., Using a biopsy forceps and condom inserted through the fiberscope, BADUG STONE' was eaaily made to roll into the self-opening trawl net' and safly removed.
Biopsy ; Condoms* ; Endoscopy ; Surgical Instruments

OBJECTIVE: In the human body the embryo initially gmws in the fallopian tube which is maintained in an 3-8% O2 concentration environment, and various substances such as growth factors and antioxidants present in tbe tubal fluid assists in maintaining a healthy environment for embryo development. But in IVF programs embryo cultures are conducted in incubators with 21.9% O2 and 5% CO2 condition, and such high oxygen concentrations have been reported to increase the production of oxygen free radicals within the embryo and is detrimental to the growth and development of the embryo. The objective of this study, therefore, is to determine the culture conditions which will decrease oxygen free radical production and thereby minimize the injury to the embryo. METHODS: Six to eight week old ICR strain mice embryos were cultured in 5% or 21.9% O2 conditions and in culture media to which inaement concentrations of superoxide dismutase (SOD) had been and the H2O2 concentration within the embryo, embryo developmental rate, and degree of fragmentation of the embryos was investigated. RESULTS: The control gmup embryos which were cultured in 21.9% O2 condition without addition of SOD showed developmental arrest at the 2-cell stage or fragmentation, while those cultured in 21.9% O2 condition with addition of SOD showed development to the blastocyst stage with deaeased fragmentation. In particular, the blastulation and fragmentation rates were the lowest in the group to which 500 IU/ml of SOD was added, but in the 5% O2 enviranment group many embryos reached the blastocyst stage and with no difference in frapnentation with or without addition of SOD. The HO relative intensity (120.5+/-20.2) within the embryos cultured in 21.9% O2 environment without SOD was significantly higher than that (56.8+/-10.8) of group with SOD (p<0.05). As showing that in the 5% O2 environment group without SOD it was 43.8+/-7.8 and in the group with SOD it was 37.3+/-5.4, the H2O2 concentration within embryos cultured in 5% 02 condition was significantly lower those that of 21,9% 02 environment regardless of SOD addition (p<0.05). CONCLUSION: The optimal oxygen concentration in incubator for mice embryo cultures is that which is similar to the 5% 0 concentration in vivo. When 20% 02 incubators are routinely used, the addition of SOD to the culture media will decrease the H2O2 concentration within the embryos with subsequent improvement in development. The optimal concentration which should be used is thought to be 500 IU/ml. It is suggested that the use of the above method in human IVF-ET programs will lead to improved embryo quality and enhanced pregnancy rates.
Animals ; Antioxidants ; Blastocyst ; Culture Media ; Embryonic Development ; Embryonic Structures* ; Fallopian Tubes ; Female ; Free Radicals ; Growth and Development ; Human Body ; Humans ; Incubators ; Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins ; Mice* ; Oxygen* ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Rate ; Superoxide Dismutase* ; Superoxides*

The development of colorectai cancer following pelvic irradiation has been a much less common event. A 58-years-old woman presented with tenesmus for 5 months. She had a stage IIb, carcinoma of the cervix for which she underwent radiation therapy in 27 years before. Colonscopic findings revealed polypoid mass and irregular ulceration on the rectum and proctitis associated with stricture that was compatible with her previous history of radiation. Histoyathological examination of the polypectomy specimen disclosed adenocarcinoma. So we reported a case of radiation induced carcinoma of reotum which might be the first case in Korean literature. It therefore, behooves the clinician who follows patients whose carcinoma of the cervix or corpus uteri has been cured by radiation therapy to be vigilant for the subsequent development of colon and rectal cancer.
Adenocarcinoma* ; Cervix Uteri ; Colon ; Constriction, Pathologic ; Female ; Humans ; Proctitis ; Rectal Neoplasms ; Rectum ; Ulcer ; Uterus

In order to study the clinical efficacy of the metallic stent of the treatment of iliac arterial stenosis, the clinical and arteriographic findings of the 8 patients were retrospectively reviewed. All 8 patients were males with an age of 51 to 79. The Fontaine class for the functional status of lower extremities was II in 4 patients, III in 3 patients and IV in 1 patients. Self expandable Gianturco stent was inserted in 7 iliac arteries and balloon expandable Palmaz stent was inserted in 2 iliac arteries in the 8 patients. The indications for the metallic stent application were localized dissection with significant residual stenosis in 6sites, recoiling due to calcification in one case and eccentricity of the stenotic lesion in 2 sites. The deployment of the metallic stent was successful in all the cases to maintain the patency of iliac arteries with residual stenosis less than 30%. The Fontaine class was improved to I in 6 patients, II a in 1 patients IIb in another one. During the follow-up period of 3 to 14 months, none except one developed recurrence of the symptom. On the basis of our experience, we believe that metallic stent is safe and effective for the treatment of iliac arterial stenosis. However, we think that it is a complementary measure to the percutaneous transluminal angioplasty. The comparative study between different types of metallic stent and the long-term effect should be investigated further.
Angioplasty ; Constriction, Pathologic* ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Iliac Artery ; Lower Extremity ; Male ; Recurrence ; Retrospective Studies ; Stents* ; Treatment Outcome