The coronary arteries of young individuals are histologically studied. Fourteen cases in pediatric age group and three adult hearts were used. No case had clinical and pathological evidences of heart disease. Inner circumference, thickness of tunicae intima, media and adventitia were measured at eight different sites of coronary arteries. The thickness of tunica media was used as a standard scale of cardiac growth, and the heart weight, body weight, height and age were compared with the medial thickness. The morphological changes were assessed in five groups by the heart weights. Group I ( less than 10 gm) showed single endothelial lining with cytoplasmic vacuolization or endothelial denudation. Group II (more than 10 but less than 20 gm) consisted of full term babies and showed first stigma of focal intimal thickening and intimal collagen fibers. Diffuse intimal thickening more than 1/1 of medial thickness was first seen in a case with 46 gm of heart weight. Elastic fiber was not seen in internal elastic laminae of groups I and II. Fragmentation of internal elastic lamina and smooth muscle proliferation as a form of musculoelastic layer were the major findings of intimal thickening in childhood and no case showed complicated atherosclerotic lesions.
Child ; Adult ; Male ; Female ; Humans

With remarkable progress in upper GI endoscopy; it has been applied to therapeutid purpose. ln this paper, we present one suceessful case of endoscopic extraction of BADUG STONE by biopsy forceps and contraceytive condom., Using a biopsy forceps and condom inserted through the fiberscope, BADUG STONE' was eaaily made to roll into the self-opening trawl net' and safly removed.
Biopsy ; Condoms* ; Endoscopy ; Surgical Instruments

BACKGROUND: We described a surgical method for osteosynthesis and reported the resultant strength after application of a PHILOS plate through the anterolateral approach for the treatment of fractures of the distal humerus. METHODS: Between February 2010 and March 2012, open reduction and internal fixation operations with the PHILOS plate for treatment of fracture of the distal humerus were performed on a total of nine patients (five men, four women). The mean age was 40.8 years (range, 24-50 years), and the average follow-up period was 9.1 months (range, 6-15 months). Clinical evaluations were performed 6 months after the operation. Clinical assessment included determination of the range of motion of the elbow, the Mayo and Oxford elbow scores, and any postoperative complications. RESULTS: Fracture union was noted in all patients, with an average period of 12.4 weeks. The average Mayo elbow and Oxford elbow scores were 87.2 (of a total of 100) and 43.3 (of a total of 48), respectively. For the postoperative range of motion of the elbow, all patients showed complete recovery to the preoperative range of motion. No other conditions, such as neurolepsis, plate breakage, or rotational deformity, were observed. CONCLUSIONS: Open reduction and internal fixation of distal humerus fractures with a PHILOS plating system via anterolateral approach can be effective. A high rate of union with good outcomes can be assumed.
Congenital Abnormalities ; Elbow ; Follow-Up Studies ; Fracture Fixation ; Humans ; Humeral Fractures ; Humerus* ; Male ; Postoperative Complications ; Range of Motion, Articular

The increasing use of coronary perfusates for the protection of the human heart during ischemic cardiac arrest has placed great emphasis on the need for a rational and safe formulation. For the purpose of this study isolated rat hearts were connected to retrograde nonworking perfusion system proposed by Langendorff, and then perfused for 20 minutes by coronary infusates of magnesium concentration of 1.66 m Mol per liter (groupA, n=10) or 15 mMol per liter (groupB, n=10). After 20 minutes perfusion, cold cardioplegic solution (modified St. Thomas' Hospital solution) was infused for 2 minutes, and prepared within 4degrees C Krebs-Henseleit solution. Finally, 20 minutes of cononay reprsfusion was reestablished after l hour of cold ischemic cardiac arrest. Hemodynamic parameters (heart rate, left ventricular pressure, +/-dp/dt max. and coronany flow) and enzymes assay (creatine phosphokinase, lactic dehydrogenase and glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase) were performed each other at which rat heart was perfused for 20 minutes and reperfused for 20 minutes thereafter. There were significant differences in the recovery rate of heart rate, systolic left ventricular pressure, +dp/dt max, and coronary flow and reperfusion-perfusion ratio of creatine phosphokinase(P<0.05). But, there were no significant differences in the recovery rate of -dp/dt max, and reperfusion-perfusion ratio of lactic dehydrogenase and glutamic oxaloacetic acid(P>0.05).
Animals ; Cardioplegic Solutions ; Creatine ; Heart ; Heart Arrest ; Heart Rate ; Hemodynamics ; Humans ; Magnesium* ; Myocardium* ; Oxidoreductases ; Perfusion ; Rats ; Ventricular Pressure

The Peutz-Jeghers syndrome has three cardinal features: gastrointestinal polypasis, mucocutaneous piginentation and autosomal dominant heredity. This syndrome is ciinically important because of the complication caused by the gastrointestinal ployp, leading to abdominal pain, gastrointestinal bleeding and intussusception. We experienced a case of Peutz-Jeghers syndrome who complained of dizziness, vague abdominal pain, melanin pigmentations of the lips, oral mucosa and digits and reported with the review of the literature.
Abdominal Pain ; Anemia* ; Dizziness ; Hemorrhage ; Heredity ; Intussusception* ; Lip ; Melanins ; Mouth Mucosa ; Peutz-Jeghers Syndrome ; Pigmentation

To determine the relationship between the oral ingestion volume of xylene and methyl hippuric acid (MHA) in urine, we measured MHA in 11 patients whose ingested xylene volume was identified. The best-fit equation between urine MHA and ingested amount of xylene was as follows: y (ingested amount of xylene, mL/kg) = −0.052x² + 0.756x (x = MHA in urine in g/g creatinine). From this equation, we estimated the ingested xylene volume in 194 patients who had ingested pesticide of which the formulation was not available. Our results demonstrated that oxadiazole, dinitroaniline, chloroacetamide, organophosphate, and pyrethroid were xylene-containing pesticide classes, while the paraquat, glyphosate, glufosinate, synthetic auxin, fungicide, neonicotinoid, and carbamate classes were xylene-free pesticides. Sub-group univariate analysis showed a significant association between MHA levels in urine and ventilator necessity in the pyrethroid group. However, this association was not observed in the organophosphate group. Our results suggest that MHA in urine is a surrogate marker for xylene ingestion, and high urine MHA levels may be a risk factor for poor clinical outcome with some pesticide poisoning.
Biomarkers ; Eating ; Humans ; Indoleacetic Acids ; Paraquat ; Pesticides ; Poisoning* ; Respiratory Insufficiency ; Risk Factors ; Ventilators, Mechanical ; Xylenes*

No abstract available.

No abstract available.
Multicystic Dysplastic Kidney*

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: It is well known that compensation begins after acute unilateral peripheral vestibular function loss. The change of vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR) is variable and affected by many factors. But there is no studies reported on the changes of individuals with the lapse of time. Using the rotation chair test and caloric test, we wanted to know the individual compensatory process of VOR as time progresses following an acute unilateral peripheral vestibular loss. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Subjects were patients of acute peripheral vestibular neuritis (n=19) whose nystagmus showed more than 24 hours. The follow up period was 10 weeks until the head shake nystagmus (HSN) disappeared. We measured the duration of each spontaneous nystagmus (SN) and HSN. Sinusoidal harmonic acceleration (SHA) was tested at 0.04 and at 0.08 Hz level, with the step velocity of 100 degrees per second. We also performed caloric test after HSN disappeared. RESULTS: SN and HSN each lasted 25 days and 50 days. VOR changes had an irregular pattern among individuals with gain increasing after decrement and phase lead decreasing after increment. Furthermore, the gain asymmetry was more irregular and lasted longer as well at the step velocity. Even though compensation has been reached, the caloric test revealed continuous abnormal values, which is quite different from the recovery of VOR in the rotatory test. CONCLUSION: During the early compensation period, we could recognize that the individual VOR changes recovered with a irregular pattern. On the other hand, the caloric test was not altered even after compensation.
Acceleration ; Caloric Tests ; Compensation and Redress ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hand ; Head ; Humans ; Reflex, Vestibulo-Ocular* ; Vestibular Neuronitis

BACKGROUND: Classically bone marrow (BM) is the major source of hematopoietic stem cells for the transplantation. Recently, hematopoietic stem cells circulating in peripheral nlood and umbilical cord stem cells have been widely accepted for use in high dose chmotherapy requiring hematopoietic stem cells support. Number if CFU-GM and CD34+ cells are routinely used to assess the engraftment potential of BM aspirates and leukapheresis harvests. However, these parameters predominantly reflect clonogenic cell activity which might only be relevant to short-term hematopoeitic reconstitution, and not necessarily reflect the hematopoeitic stem cell activity capable of sustained engraftment. Long-term culture system is regarded as a quantitative method of estimating hematopoietic stem cell activity in clinical samples. METHODS: We enumerated CFU-GM and CD34+ cells in G-CSF mobilized peripheral blood (MPB), BM and umbilical cord blood (UCB). We obtained the number of LTC-IC from each of these hematopoietic stem cell sources using the long-term culture system. These parameters have compared between the stem cell sources. RESULTS: CD34+ cells were detected in MPB, BM, and UCB at incidences of 2.27+/-1.58%, 0.74+/-0.55%, 1.24+/-0.24% of total mononuclear cells. The highest number of CD34+ cells were seen in UCB. The colony counts higher in UCB than in MPB and BM. Direct comparison of LTC-IC was made between three sources based on CD34+ cell counts. The total numbers of LTC-IC per 105 CD34+ cell were 713 for UCB, 263 for BM, 104 for MPB. These UCB was superior to BM and MPB by cell all three parameters; CFU-GM, CD34+, LTC-IC. CONCLUSION: We speculate that UCB should be better source of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation as well as gene therapy if it could be expanded.
Bone Marrow* ; Cell Count ; Fetal Blood* ; Genetic Therapy ; Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor ; Granulocyte-Macrophage Progenitor Cells ; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation ; Hematopoietic Stem Cells ; Incidence ; Leukapheresis ; Stem Cells* ; Umbilical Cord*