The authors studied 126 cases (90 patients) of proven avascuar necrosis of femoral head inadult during theperiod from Jan. 1975 to May 1982 at Kyung Hee University Hospital. The results were as follows; 1. The sex ratiowas 63 males to 27 females and the peak incidence of age was in the fifth decade. 2.Among the 90 patients, thecause and conditions associated with avascular necrosis were idiopathic in 33 cases, femoral neck fracture in 32cases, chronic alcholism in 9 cases, anti-inflammatory drugs abuse in 6 cases, corticosteroid therapy in 5 cases,caisson's disease in 2 cases, hip dislocation in 2 cases and macromolecular storage disease in 1 case, in theorder of frequency. 3. Excluding 34 patients of avascular necrosis associaited with trauma, bilateral lesion was36 patients(64.3%) among the 56 patients. 4. The radiographic features in femoral head were variable, such as 118cases of central increased density surrounded by lucent zone, encompassed by dense rim, 110 cases of collapsedarticular cortex and 16 cases of intact articular cortex, 91 cases of flattening of femoral head, 79 cases ofcrescent sign, 51 cases of fragmentation of osteonecrotic segment, 47 cases of superimposed degenerativearthritis, 5 cases of patchy increased density, and 3 cases of no radiographic change. 5. The bone scintigraphywith Tc-99m-MDP was performed in 11 patients (15 cases) and its finding in femoral head were 8 cases of increasedradioactivity, 4 cases of mixed increased and decreased radioactivity, and 3 cases of absent radioactivity. 6. Itwas our belief that comparative study of plain radiographs and bone scintigraphy would be useful in earlydiagnosis and tratment planning of avascular necrosis of femoral head.
Adult ; Female ; Femoral Neck Fractures ; Head ; Hip Dislocation ; Humans ; Incidence ; Male ; Necrosis ; Radioactivity ; Radionuclide Imaging

A 16-yr-old male patient with hemochromatosis due to multiple packed red blood cell transfusions was referred to our emergency center for the treatment of severe aplastic anemia and dyspnea. He was diagnosed with aplastic anemia at 11-yr of age. He had received continuous transfusions because an HLA-matched marrow donor was unavailable. Following a continuous, approximately 5-yr transfusion, he was noted to develop hemochromatosis. He had a dilated cardiomyopathy and required diuretics and digitalis, multiple endocrine and liver dysfunction, generalized bleeding, and skin pigmentation. A total volume of red blood cell transfusion before deferoxamine therapy was about 96,000 mL. He received a regular iron chelation therapy (continuous intravenous infusion of deferoxamine, 50 mg/kg/day for 5 days q 3-4 weeks) for approximately seven years after the onset of multiple organ failures. His cytopenia and organ dysfunctions began to be gradually recovered since about 2002, following a 4-yr deferoxamine treatment. He showed completely normal ranges of peripheral blood cell counts, heart size, and liver function two years ago. He has not received any transfusions for the last four years. This finding suggests that a continuous deferoxamine infusion may play a role in the immune regulation in addition to iron chelation effect.
Adolescent ; Anemia, Aplastic/pathology/*therapy ; Chelation Therapy/*methods ; Deferoxamine/therapeutic use ; Erythrocyte Transfusion ; Hemochromatosis/*complications/therapy ; Humans ; Immune System ; Iron/*therapeutic use ; Iron Chelating Agents/therapeutic use ; Male ; Radiography, Thoracic/methods ; Time Factors ; Treatment Outcome

No abstract available.
Drug Therapy* ; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute* ; Nausea* ; Vomiting*

OBJECTIVE: This study was designed to evaluate how much depression and pain symptoms could be shown, what kind of factors affect them, and whether the correlation between them could be or not in patients with cancer. METHODS: The subjects were composed of 25 patients with cancer who admitted at the department of oncology (male: 10, female: 15). We reviewed the medical record and interviewed patients and their family. A psychiatric diagnosis was made according to the criteria of the DSM-IV, and depressive symptoms were evaluated by Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HRSD). The intensity of pain (maximal, minimal, mean, present), disability due to pain, the effects of analgesics were measured by Brief Pain Inventory (BPI). RESULTS: 32% of patients had major depressive disorders, 16% of patients had depressive disorders, NOS and 16% of the patients had adjustment disorders. The score of HRSD was significantly correlated with the maximal intensity, mean intensity and present intensity of pain and disability due to pain, but not with minimal intensity and the effects of analgesics. Depression and pain were not correlated with duration of illness. Scores of depression and pain did not differ in sex, religion, metastasis, and the knowledge of illness. The widowed or unmarried patients showed significantly higher scores than patients living with the spouse in HRSD, minimal intensity and mean intensity of pain. CONCLUSION: In patients with cancer, depression and pain were highly prevalant. The relationship between depression and pain was shown in patients with cancer. These results suggest that more active evaluation and intervention of depression and pain should be carried out in patients with cancer.
Adjustment Disorders ; Analgesics ; Depression* ; Depressive Disorder ; Depressive Disorder, Major ; Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders ; Female ; Humans ; Medical Records ; Mental Disorders ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Single Person ; Spouses ; Widowhood

No abstract available.
Bone Marrow Transplantation* ; Bone Marrow*

BACKGROUND: With progressive improvement in the fraction of long-term surviviors, chronic GVHD has emerged as a increasingly frequent complication of allogenic bone marrow transplantation. Except for a few case reports, there has been no clinical study of chronic cutaneous GVHD in Korea so far. OBJECTIVE: In the present study we planned to investigate the clinical characteristics of chronic cutaneous GVHD and to compare the clinical manifestation and incidence of chronic cutaneous GVHD in Korea with previous reports in U.S.A. and Europe. METHODS: On the basis of the patients' charts and the records of bone marrow transplantation, we investigated the incidence of chronic cutaneous GVHD in Korean leukemia patients and studied the clinical manifestations of chronic cutaneous GVHD ocurring in 16 patients whose diagnosis was confirmed by histopathologic findings of skin biopsy. We also analysed whether total body irrdiation before bone marrow transplantation, GVHD prophylaxis and presence of preceding acute GVHD affected chronic cutaneous GVHD. RESULTS: 1. The incidence in chronic cutaneous GVHD in Korea was lower than that in Caucasian countries. 2. The onset was milder than that in Caucasians. 3. The clinical manifestation was earlier than that in Caucasians. 4. The relationship between the GVHD prophylaxis and incidence chronic cutaneous GVHD was not significant. 5. The incidence of chronic cutaneous GVHD in the presence of preceding acute GVHD was higher than in cases with no preceding acute GVHD. CONCLUSION: We speculate that the low incidence of chronic cutaneous GVHD and clinical characteristics differing from the reports in the U.S.A. and Europe might be unassociated with irradiation, GVHD prophylaxis or the presence of preceding acute GVHD but maybe related to differences in genetic background.
Biopsy ; Bone Marrow Transplantation ; Diagnosis ; Europe ; Humans ; Incidence ; Korea ; Leukemia ; Skin

A case of plasma cell granuloma in the right lateral ventricle simulating a meningioma of a 24-year-old man which was totally removed is presented. Plasma cell granuloma is a rare nonneoplastic lesion of unknown etiology which exclusively occurs in the lung. However on review of the English literature, only four prior cases of extrapulmonary plasma cell granulomas in the central nervous system have been reported.
Central Nervous System ; Granuloma, Plasma Cell* ; Humans ; Lateral Ventricles ; Lung ; Meningioma ; Plasma Cells* ; Plasma* ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVES: APL, which characteristically shows t(15:17), accompanies fatal coagulopathy during remission induction with systemic chemotherapy alone. ATRA, a derivative of vitamin A, can differentiate APL cells as well as HL-60 cells in vitro and induce higher rate of complete remission(CR). Hence, we assessed the effect of ATRA on remission induction and coagulopathy in APL patients. METHODS: (1) 42 patients diagnosed histologically in St. mary's hospital from June 1991 to June 1994 were included. (2) We compared the CR rate, the time required for restoration of derranged coagulation profiles, and the amount of coagulation factors including platelets among the chemotherapy group (control) and ATRA group. RESULTS: 1) There was no difference in CR rate between the control group and ATRA group [84.2%(16 out of 19) vs 87.0%(20 out of 23), p>0.05)] and also no difference between two subgroups of ATRA [ATRA with chemotherapy; 83.3%(10 out of 12) vs ATRA without chemotherapy; 90.9%(10 out of 11), p>0.05] 2) In the ATRA group, the CR rate of newly diagnosed patients was 82.4%(14 out of 17). The first relapsed patients (4) and the second (2) were all achieved CR. 3) The mean duration of coagulopathy, time to normalization of PT, aPTT, FDP, fibrinogen level, was 12.0+/-10.4, 11.1+/-10.2, 16.5+/-9.3, 15.4+/-10.2 days after chemotherapy alone and 4.5+/-4.4, 3.7+/-3.7, 8.9+/-6.1, 8.1+/-6.5 days in the ATRA group(p<0.05). The amount of fresh frozen plasma used in the ATRA group for the purpose of correction of coagulopathy were significantly lower than the control group(p<0.05). The incidence of profound coagulopathy during the remission induction treatment in the ATRA group was significantly lower than the control group[40% (8 out of 20) vs 96.7%(13 out of 15), p
Blood Coagulation Factors ; Drug Therapy ; Fibrinogen ; HL-60 Cells ; Humans ; Incidence ; Leukemia, Promyelocytic, Acute* ; Plasma ; Remission Induction* ; Tretinoin* ; Vitamin A

In the article cited above, Fig. 3 was input incorrectly.

Sunitinib is a multi-target tyrosine kinase inhibitor used to treat gastrointestinal stromal tumors, renal cell carcinoma, and pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors. The most common adverse reactions are known to be nausea, fatigue, diarrhea, stomatitis, esophagitis, hypertension, skin toxicity (hand-foot syndrome), hypothyroidism, and reduction in the cardiac output of the left ventricle. Herein, we report the case of a 57 year-old female who visited our hospital complaining of epigastric pain. She had been taking sunitinib at 25 mg/day to treat a metastatic pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor. Upon computed tomography performed on admission, we observed that fluid had collected around the pancreas. Laboratory analysis revealed hypertriglyceridemia (triglycerides 993 mg/dL). Tyrosine kinase inhibitors are known to have limited effects on lipid metabolism. In this case, we suggest that hyperglycemia seems to have had a limited effect on lipid levels. We are rather of the view that hyperglycemia, a history of distal pancreatectomy, and hypothyrodisim, indirectly caused the observed hypertriglyceridemia.
Carcinoma, Renal Cell ; Cardiac Output ; Diarrhea ; Esophagitis ; Fatigue ; Female ; Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors ; Heart Ventricles ; Humans ; Hyperglycemia ; Hypertension ; Hypertriglyceridemia* ; Hypothyroidism ; Lipid Metabolism ; Nausea ; Neuroendocrine Tumors* ; Pancreas ; Pancreatectomy ; Protein-Tyrosine Kinases ; Skin ; Stomatitis