Objective To observe the changes of calcitonin gene-related peptide(CGRP) -immunoreactive positive nerve fibers innervation in bone tissue of femoral heads during the pathological process of early steroid-induced avascular necrosis of the femoral head (SANFH), and explore its significance.Methpathological group of SANFH was induced.Immunohistochemical technique was used and the changes of CGRP-immunoreactive positive nerve fibers innervation in weight bearing area of the femoral heads during the pathological process of early SANFH were observed.Result The number of CGRP-immunoreactive nerves increased first and then decreased ( Peaked at 6 weeks, 10.28 ± 0.66 ), but it was more than that ofnormal control group.There was significant difference between two groups ( P ＜ 0.01 ).Conclusion There were changes in the distribution of CGRP-immunoreactive positive nerves fiber during the process of bone repair after SANFH.CGRP-immunoreactive positive nerves fiber might take part in the process of bone repair in SANFH.

The molecular mechanism underlying muscular atrophy and gravisensing during spaceflight is still unknown. The major effects of spaceflight on body-wall muscles of Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) in the structures and functions wore examined, and five important muscle-related genes and three proteins were studied after nearly 15-day spaceflight. The changes for the wall-muscles were observed in situ. Decreased muscle fiber size was observed with myosin immunofluorescence and duller dense-body staining in flight samples, which suggested that muscular atrophy had happened during spaceflight. However, F-actin staining showed no differences between the spaceflight group and ground control group. Otherwise, after returning to the earth the C eleganu displayed reduced rate of movement with a lower ratio (height/width) in crawl trace wave, which indicated a functional defect. These results demonstrated that C. elegans muscular development was changed in response to microgravity, and changes also occurred at the level of gene transcription and protein translation. Expression of dys-I increased significantly in body-wall muscles, while hlh-1, myo-3, uric-54 and eg1-19 RNA levels decreased after spaceflight. Dystrophin (encoded by dys-1) is one of important components in dystrophin-glycoprotein complex (DGC). Increased dys-I expression after flight implied that the muscular cell would accept more gravity signals by DGC in mierogravity in order to keep mechanical balance within the cells. It is concluded that DGC was involved into the mechanical transduction in body-wall muscles of C. elegans when gravity varied, which potentially played a vital role in gravisensing. The changes ofhlh-l, myo-3, tmc-54 and egl-19 suggested that they had the effects of promoting microgravity-induced muscular atrophy in strcture and function aspects. Result of Western blotting showed that the level of myosin A in spaceflight group decreased, further confirmed that atrophy happened during flight.

Objective To investigate the expression of caspase-10 in differentiated thyroid carcinoma and association with its development and metastasis. Methods Thyroid samples from 37 patients in a period from January 2006 to December 2007, with differentiated thyroid carcinoma were retrospectively analyzed for caspase-10 by immunohistocbemistry(streptavidin-perosidase, S-P), compared to control group of 46 cases with nodtdar goiter. The relationship between the expression of caspase-10 and the clinical pathologic characteristics of thyroid carcinoma were also explored simultaneously. Results caspase-10 were observed as brown or yellow particles located in the cytoplasm or cell membrane of nodular goiter but there were no significant evidence for its positive expression in thyroid carcinoma, caspase-10 expression was markedly down-regulated in differentiated thyroid carcinoma(29.73%,11/37) compared with benign nodules(71.74%,33/46, χ2=14.528, P<0.01). The positive expression in 18 cases with lymph node metastasis(11.11%,2/18) was significantly lower than those in 19 patients without lymph node metastasis(47.37%,9/19; χ2=4.210, P<0.01). There was no significant correlation(P> 0.05) between the expression of caspase-10 and the clinical pathologic characteristics including male, age, TNM stage and pathologic type. Conclusion Down-regulation of caspase-10 may play a critical role in carcinogenesis and development of differentiated thyroid carcinoma.

We report computed tomography (CT) findings for a rare case of follicular dendritic cell sarcoma of the greater omentum from a 47-year-old female patient. The tumor presented ash a palpable mass lesion in the umbilical region for the last two months. Multidetector CT scan of the abdomen showed a 14-cm soft-tissue mass with calcification and necrosis within the greater omentum. As a result, a follicular dendritic cell sarcoma should be considered in the differential diagnosis of a solitary omentum mass, especially one with coarse and chunk-like calcifications.
Dendritic Cell Sarcoma, Follicular/pathology/*radiography ; Female ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Multidetector Computed Tomography/*methods ; Omentum/pathology/*radiography ; Peritoneal Neoplasms/pathology/*radiography

OBJECTIVETo study the causes of orchiectomy in different age groups.

METHODSWe retrospectively reviewed the clinical data about 291 cases of orchiectomy performed between March 1993 and October 2014 and analyzed the causes of surgery and their distribution in different age groups.

RESULTSThe main causes of orchiectomy were testicular torsion (45.8%), cryptorchidism (32.5%) and testicular tumor (16.9%) in the patients aged 0-25 years, testicular tumor (42.4%), cryptorchidism (25.9%) and tuberculosis (10.6%) in those aged 26-50 years. Prostate cancer was the leading cause in those aged 51-75 years (77.6%) or older (84.0%)), and testicular tumor was another cause in the 51-75 years old men (10.2%). Prostate cancer, testicular tumor, cryptorchidism, and testicular torsion were the first four causes of orchiectomy between 1993 and 2009. From 2010 to 2014, however, testicular tumor rose to the top while prostate cancer dropped to the fourth place.

CONCLUSIONThe causes of orchiectomy vary in different age groups. The proportion of castration for prostate cancer patients significantly reduced in the past five years, which might be attributed to the improvement of comprehensive health care service.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Age Factors ; Aged ; Causality ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Cryptorchidism ; surgery ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Orchiectomy ; statistics & numerical data ; Prostatic Neoplasms ; surgery ; Retrospective Studies ; Spermatic Cord Torsion ; surgery ; Testicular Neoplasms ; surgery ; Tuberculosis, Male Genital ; surgery ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the short term effectiveness of lumbar disc herniation by Coflex.

METHODSFrom December 2007 to June 2008, 31 patients (16 males and 15 females) were treated by Coflex. The average age was 51.4 years (range, 33 - 70 years). The average period of follow-up was 10 months. To evaluate the short term effectiveness of lumbar disc herniation by Coflex by JOA, VAS, the conventional radiography and oswestry disability index (ODI).

RESULTSThe average JOA score increased from 9.1 +/- 1.1 preoperatively to 26.4 +/- 1.7 at 6 month postoperatively. ODI decreased from 24.7 +/- 4.8 preoperatively to averaged 4.5 +/- 1.1 at 6 months postoperatively. The VAS score decreased from 7.9 +/- 0.8 to 3.0 +/- 0.9. The clinical symptoms after operation were improved significantly. There were statistically significant differences between the preoperative and postoperative HD (height of dorso- intervertebral discs), DS(distance across the two adjacent spinous processes), DI (distance of intervertebral foramina). The average HD increased from (7.9 +/- 1.1) mm preoperatively to (10.8 +/- 1.3) mm after operation. The average DS increased from (28.3 +/- 2.4) mm preoperatively to (36.4 +/- 1.7) mm postoperatively. The average DI changed from (18.8 +/- 1.0) mm preoperatively to (21.6 +/- 1.7) mm postoperatively. Complications occurred in 3 patients (9.6%). One case complained of persistent low back pain. One case showed opposite lower limb pain in 3 weeks after operation, and was cured after appropriate treatment. One case had the loosening of Coflex in 6 months after surgery, but did not appear related clinical symptoms.

CONCLUSIONCoflex for lumbar disc herniation can increase the HD and DI significantly, and it has positive meaning for keeping height of lumbar vertebral space and treating the nerve root symptom of lumbar disc herniation.

Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Internal Fixators ; Intervertebral Disc Displacement ; surgery ; Lumbar Vertebrae ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies ; Treatment Outcome

Objective To investigate the efficacy of single-use flexible ureteroscopes combined with flexible tip negative pressure suction sheath in the primary treatment of upper urinary tract stones. Methods A total of 236 patients with upper urinary tract stones were selected as study subjects. Through retrospective analysis, the patients were divided into study group (n=118) and control group (n=118). The study group was treated with single-use flexible ureteroscopes combined with flexible tip negative pressure suction sheath, while the control group received treatment with single-use flexible ureter oscopes combined with conventional sheath. The postoperative pain level [Visual Analogue Scale (VAS)], inflammatory markers, stress indicators, renal function parameters, complication rates and stone clearance rates were compared between the two groups. Results On the first, second, and third postoperative day, the VAS scores in the control group were significantly higher than those in the study group (P < 0.05). At 1 d after surgery, the levels of C-reactive protein, interleukin-6, procalcitonin, norepinephrine and cortisol in the study group were significantly lower than those in the control group (P < 0.05). Additionally, on the first postoperative day, the levels of urea nitrogen, serum creatinine, uric acid and cystatin C in the study group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P < 0.05). The overall complication rate in the study group was 14.4%, which was significantly lower than 27.1% in the control group (P < 0.05). The postoperative stone clearance rate in the study group was 98.3%, which was significantly higher than 88.1% in the control group (P < 0.05). Conclusion The combination of single-use flexible ureteroscopes and flexible tip negative pressure suction sheath exhibits superior efficacy in the primary treatment of upper urinary tract stones. This approach can enhance stone clearance rates, reduces complication rates, alleviate postoperative pain and inflammatory responses, and promotes renal function recovery.

OBJECTIVETo appraise the value of clinical treatment of percutaneous reduction and fixation of osteoporotic fractures for the proximal humerus in a geriatric population.

METHODSPostoperation complication, mortality in hospital and within the first three months postoperation, operation time, blood transfusion requirement, the functional outcome of the shoulder had been analysed and observed in 37 cases for open and closed fixation.

RESULTSClosed reduction provided the benefit of obtaining and holding adequate reduction without the soft-tissue dissection of open reduction and internal fixation. The general complication and mortality in the first three months postoperation in the open reduction and internal fixation cases were more severe than the percutaneous cases.

CONCLUSIONSOpen operation increases the risk of the geriatric population with osteoporotic proximal humerus fracture; percutaneous reduction and fixation may be preferable.

Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Female ; Fracture Fixation, Internal ; methods ; Humans ; Male ; Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures ; Osteoporosis ; complications ; Postoperative Complications ; prevention & control ; Shoulder Fractures ; etiology ; surgery ; Treatment Outcome

This study was aimed to develop a sandwich ELISA kit for the diagnosis of bovine tuberculosis.And it was applied and evaluated in the quarantine of bovine tuberculosis.We established a bovine IFN-γ release method in vitro and developing three batches of kits.The sensitivity,repeatability and retention period of the kit were all evaluated.Totally 961 serum samples were tested using the developed sandwich ELISA kit tuberculin skin test and a commercial ELISA kit.Our results showed that the detection limit of this ELISA was 8.21 mg/mL.The repeatability tests showed good reproducibility in the intraassay and inter-assay.At the same time,the retention period of the kit was more than 12 months.Compared with the tuberculin skin test,the positive coincidence rate was 70.59％ and the negative coincidence rate was 99.20％,while the total coincidence rate was 98.44％.And compared with the BOVIGAMTM kit,the positive coincidence rate was 91.30％ and the negative coincidence rate was 99.78％,while the total coincidence rate reached 99.58％.At the same time,the sensitivity and specificity of the sandwich kit were 85.00％ and 100％,respectively.We established a bovine IFN-γ release method in vitro and developing corresponding kits successfully have a good application prospect.

OBJECTIVETo compare clinical efficacy between discectomy and discectomy plus Coflex fixation for lumbar disc herniation.

METHODSFrom December 2007 to August 2008, 50 patients (31 males and 19 females) were treated by surgery of discectomy and discectomy plus Coflex fixation. The average age was 52.5 years (range, 30 - 72 years). There were 24 cases in the group of discectomy plus Coflex fixation and 26 cases in the group of discectomy. Preoperative and postoperative visual analogue scales (VAS), Japanese Orthopadic Association (JOA) and Oswestry disability index (ODI) were recorded, as well as radiological index. And use a paired t-test and one-way analysis of variance (one-way ANOVA) statistical method to evaluate the Coflex dynamic stabilization system in value in the treatment of lumbar disc herniation.

RESULTSBoth groups received significant improvement of JOA, ODI and VAS (t = -33.2 - 64.5, P < 0.01), but the group of discectomy was found with deterioration of ODI at last follow-up, 12 months after surgery 6.7 ± 1.5 to 10.2 ± 2.3 (t = -19.3, P < 0.05). The group of discectomy plus Coflex fixation was found with significant increase of height of dorsal intervertebral discs (HD), distance across the two adjacent spinous processes (DS), distance of intervertebral foramina (DIF) and spinal canal area(SA) (t = -34.4 - 4.5, P < 0.05). In contrast, the group of discectomy was found with significant decrease of HD, DS, DIF and SA (t = 3.4 - 52.8, P < 0.05). Coflex fixed group in HD, DIF, DS significant difference with simple discectomy group, with a statistically significant (F = 14.1 - 25.6, P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSBoth discectomy and discectomy plus Coflex fixation are apparently effective when treating lumbar disc herniation. Coflex can significantly increase the HD and DIF when used for lumbar disc herniation, and it has positive influence for keeping height of lumbar vertebral space and treating the nerve root symptom of lumbar disc herniation. Discectomy plus Coflex is better than pure discectomy in preventing lumbar degeneration.

Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Humans ; Internal Fixators ; Intervertebral Disc Displacement ; surgery ; Lumbar Vertebrae ; surgery ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Treatment Outcome