No abstract available.
Peptic Ulcer*

No abstract available.
Nicotine* ; Tobacco Use Cessation Products*

No abstract available.
Nicotine* ; Tobacco Use Cessation Products*

No abstract available.
Animals ; Extracellular Matrix* ; Hyaluronic Acid* ; Hyperoxia* ; Lung Injury* ; Lung* ; Rats*

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to identify clinical predictive factors for tumor response after preoperative chemoradiotherapy (CRT) in rectal cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study involved 51 patients who underwent preoperative CRT followed by surgery between January 2005 and February 2012. Radiotherapy was delivered to the whole pelvis at a dose of 45 Gy in 25 fractions, followed by a boost of 5.4 Gy in 3 fractions to the primary tumor with 5 fractions per week. Three different chemotherapy regimens were used (5-fluorouracil and leucovorin, capecitabine, or tegafur/uracil). Tumor responses to preoperative CRT were assessed in terms of tumor downstaging and pathologic complete response (ypCR). Statistical analyses were performed to identify clinical factors associated with pathologic tumor response. RESULTS: Tumor downstaging was observed in 28 patients (54.9%), whereas ypCR was observed in 6 patients (11.8%). Multivariate analysis found that predictors of downstaging was pretreatment relative lymphocyte count (p = 0.023) and that none of clinical factors was significantly associated with ypCR. CONCLUSION: Pretreatment relative lymphocyte count (%) has a significant impact on the pathologic tumor response (tumor downstaging) after preoperative CRT for locally advanced rectal cancer. Enhancement of lymphocyte-mediated immune reactions may improve the effect of preoperative CRT for rectal cancer.
Chemoradiotherapy ; Deoxycytidine ; Fluorouracil ; Humans ; Leucovorin ; Lymphocyte Count ; Multivariate Analysis ; Pelvis ; Rectal Neoplasms ; Capecitabine

No abstract available.
Polycystic Kidney Diseases*

Paraformaldehyde has been used in the past as a pulpotomy agent. However, it has a severe cytotoxic effect and may cause alveolar bone necrosis. Depulpin, a devitalizing agent containing 49% paraformaldehyde, is no longer used frequently due to its severe side effects. In the two cases described in the present study, Depulpin was used as a devitalizing agent during root canal treatment. It caused a gradual loss of sensibility in adjacent teeth, gingival necrosis, and osteomyelitis. This case report demonstrates the serious side effects of using a paraformaldehyde-containing paste as a devitalizing agent for pulp, particularly mandibular bone necrosis.
Dental Pulp Cavity ; Necrosis* ; Osteomyelitis ; Pulpotomy ; Tooth

The 45 neonates with bronchopulmonary dysplasia among 355 neonates who were managed with mechanical ventilation and oxygen therapy in NICU of Seoul National University Chhildren's Hospital from January 1, 1968 to December 31, 1991, were analyzed for risk factors and outcome. The results were as follows: 1) The incidence of bronchopulmonary dysplasia was 12.7% 2) Respiratory Distress Syndrome was most common underlying problem. 3) The common radiologic findings of BPD were peripheral streaky density, emphysematous change, reticular or granular perihilar density, pulmonary interstitial emphysema, bubbly or small cystic change, and pneumothorax. 4) The survival rate of BPD showed 80% in the follow-up study. 5) Retinopathy of prematurity and intraventricular hemorrhage were more frequent significantly in the BPD group (p<0.05). 6) The risk factors of BPD were lower birth weight, shorter gestational age, longer duration of oxygen therapy an mechanical ventilation, and the presence of PDA.
Birth Weight ; Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia* ; Emphysema ; Follow-Up Studies ; Gestational Age ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Incidence ; Infant, Newborn ; Oxygen ; Pneumothorax ; Respiration, Artificial ; Retinopathy of Prematurity ; Risk Factors* ; Seoul ; Survival Rate

As medical computer-aided design (CAD) has improved, virtual 3-dimensional medical images have been gaining more easily without any special practice. These images can be applied to various clinical fields. This article illustrates virtual preoperative simulation for excision of spinal tumors using medical CAD software. The software was used directly by the surgeon. The process of virtual preoperative simulation for spinal tumor surgery was found to be not inordinately complicated. And, virtual simulation was helpful in determining surgical steps as well as understanding the surgical anatomy.
Computer-Aided Design* ; Imaging, Three-Dimensional ; Planning Techniques ; Spinal Cord Neoplasms

No abstract available.
Appendicitis* ; Purpura, Schoenlein-Henoch*