No abstract available.
Korea* ; Swine*

Reduction of displaced diaphyseal fractures of the radius and ulna in adult must be nearly anatomical for restoration of mormal function. Most of the fractures require operative management, and various methods of open reduction and internal fixation have been recommended. Because we believe that anatomical reduction followed by rigid internal fixation provides the most satisfactory results for these injuries, dynamic compression plating method is frequently used in our hos pi tal. We studied 52 diaphyseal fractures of the forearm bone in 33 patients treated at the S.R.C.H. from May 1980 to December 1985. Of the 33 patients, 20 had fractures of the radius and ulna; 6, fractures of the radius only; and 7, fractures of the ulna only. The fractures of both bones were treated with plate and screws in 19 patients. In another one, the ulna was treated with plate and screws and the radius was treated by screw fixation only. The results were as follows: l. Of the 52 fractures, 51(98.1%) were united after the initial operation within 23 weeks. 2. The average time for radiological union of the fracture, excluding those complicated by infection or non-union, was 11.1 weeks for 24 radii and 10.9 weeks for 25 ulnae. 3. Only one patient(3.0%) was complicated by infection and only one(1.9%) non-union of radius occurred. 4. The functional results were excellent or satisfactory in 25 patients(83.3%). 5. We have found that in adults the auto compression plating is a successful method for the diaphyseal fractures of the forearm.
Adult ; Diaphyses ; Forearm ; Humans ; Methods ; Radius ; Retrospective Studies ; Ulna

While overtreatment in medical services had been the topic of interest among the medical community for a long time, there are numerous academic papers concerning over-diagnosis nowadays. The use of imaging studies for screening might lead to over-diagnosis of small renal masses (SRMs) therefore the incidence of kidney cancer increased 5 times higher than that of mortality in Korea between 2000 and 2011. The best treatment for SRMs had been debated and the present strategies include surgery, local treatment, and active surveillance. Competing risks to mortality should be considered to determine initial management strategies, and a period of initial active surveillance in patients with SRMs is safe. Tumor growth rate is the primary driver for delayed intervention of SRMs patients, and the risk of metastasis on active surveillance for SRMs is 1%–2% at 2-year follow-up.
Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Incidence ; Kidney Neoplasms ; Kidney ; Korea ; Mass Screening ; Medical Overuse ; Mortality ; Neoplasm Metastasis

No abstract available.
Child* ; Humans ; Melanoma*

Synovial sarcoma is a malignant soft tissue tumor that primarily occurs in the paraarticular regions, especially in the knee. They are composed of keratin-positive epithelial cells and vimentin-positive spindle cells. We report a 76 year old woman with a primary synovial sarcoma in the mediastinum that had severe adhesion to the right side of pericardium. Primary synovial sarcoma in the mediastinum is extremely rare and this is the first case reported in the Korean literature. The mass including the pericardium was resected and the defect was closed with Gore-Tex patch. The patient is well and free of disease 6 months after the operation.
Aged ; Epithelial Cells ; Female ; Humans ; Knee ; Mediastinum* ; Pericardium ; Polytetrafluoroethylene ; Sarcoma, Synovial*

Radical antegrade modular pancreatosplenectomy (RAMPS) is regarded as a reasonable approach for margin-negative and systemic lymph node clearance in left-sided pancreatic cancer. We present a patient with more than 5 years disease-free survival after robotic anterior RAMPS for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma in the body of the pancreas. The distal part of pancreas, soft tissue around the celiac trunk, and the origin of splenic vessels was dissected with the underlying fascia between the pancreas and adrenal gland. Resected specimen was removed through small vertical abdominal incision. Robot working time was about 8 hours, and blood loss was about 700 mL without blood transfusion. He returned to an oral diet on the postoperative first day and recovered without any clinically relevant complications. There was no lymph node metastasis, perineural or lymphovascular invasion. Both the pancreatic resection margin and the tangential posterior margin were free of carcinoma. The patient received only postoperative adjuvant radiotherapy around the tumor bed. The patient has survived for more than 5 years without evidence of cancer recurrence. Minimally invasive radical left-sided pancreatectomy with splenectomy may be oncologically feasible in well-selected pancreatic cancer.
Aged ; Disease-Free Survival ; Humans ; Male ; Pancreatectomy ; Pancreatic Neoplasms/*surgery ; Splenectomy

Spinal cord ganglioglioma is an extremely rare tumor. Authors present a 6-year old boy who had a holocord ganglioglioma with a long history of kypho-scoliosis. The mass was located entirely in the spinal cord and mixed cystic and solid with variable consistencies. The color was grayish purple-yellow in soft part, and pale yellow-white in scirrhoid part. It was not well demarcated by surrounding normal spinal cord in major parts.
Child ; Ganglioglioma* ; Humans ; Male ; Spinal Cord

Cancer is the tissue complex consisted with heterogeneous cellular compositions, and microenvironmental cues. During the various stages of cancer initiation, development, and metastasis, cell–cell interactions as well as cell-extracellular matrix play major roles. Conventional cancer models both 2-dimensional and 3-dimensional (3D) present numerous limitations, which restrict their use as biomimetic models for drug screening and fundamental cancer biology studies. Recently, bioprinting biofabrication platform enables the creation of high-resolution 3D structures. Moreover this platform has been extensively used to model multiple organs and diseases, and this versatile technique has further found its creation of accurate models that figure out the complexity of the cancer microenvironment. In this review we will focus on cancer biology and limitations with current cancer models and we discuss vascular structures bioprinting that are critical to the construction of complex 3D cancer organoids. We finally conclude with current literature on bioprinting cancer models and propose future perspectives.
Biology ; Biomimetics ; Bioprinting* ; Cues ; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Organoids ; Tumor Microenvironment*

PURPOSE: To evaluate the lung changes in healthy smokers, as seen on inspiratory and expiratoryhigh-resolution computed tomography (HRCT). MATERIAL AND METHODS: Twenty-seven healthy smokers (light smokers,below 20 pack-years, n=16; heavy smokers, above 20 pack-years, n=11) and 25 nonsmokers underwent inspiratory andexpiratory HRCT. All healthy smokers had normal pulmonary function and chest radiography. Parenchymal andsubpleural micronodules, ground-glass attenuation, centrilobular and paraseptal emphysema, bronchial wallthickening, bronchiectasis and septal line were evalvated on inspiratory scan and by air-trapping on expiratoryscan. RESULTS: On inspiratory scan, parenchymal micronodules were observed in one of 25 nonsmokers(4%), two of 16light smokers(13%) and five of 11 heavy smokers(45%); subpleural micronodules in two(8%), four(25%), two(18%);ground-glass attenuation in 0(0%), one(6%), three(27%); centrilobular emphysema in 0(0%), one(6%), three(27%);paraseptal emphysema in three(12%), 0(0%), five(45%); bronchial wall thickening in 0(0%), two(13%), one(9%),bronchiectasis in 0(0%), one(6%) two(18%) and septal line in one(4%), four(25%), two(18%). On expiratory scan,air-trapping was detected in 0 of 15 nonsmokers(0%), two of 17 light smokers(12%), and five of 11 heavysmokers(45%). Statistically significant differences between these three groups were found in parenchymalmicronodules(P=0.006), ground-glass attenuation(P=0.008), centrilobular emphysema(P=0.018), paraseptal emphysema(P=0.005) and air-trapping(P=0.013) between these three groups. CONCLUSION: According to the findings of HRCT,heavy smokers had higher frequency of parenchymal micronodules, ground-glass attenuation, centrilobular andparaseptal emphysema, and air-trapping than nonsmokers and light smokers.
Bronchiectasis ; Bronchiolitis ; Emphysema ; Lung* ; Pulmonary Emphysema ; Radiography ; Thorax