"Three-multi" overall evaluation system on the teaching effect of Microbiology experiment,which consisted of multi-aspect,multi-angle and multi-level,was discussed in this paper. The evaluation system showed a remarkable effect in stimulating the leaning interests of students especially.

Adult ; Drainage ; Female ; Humans ; Hysterectomy, Vaginal ; adverse effects ; Laparoscopy ; adverse effects ; Radiography ; Subphrenic Abscess ; diagnostic imaging ; etiology ; therapy ; Ultrasonography

Objective To observe the characteristics of cognitive impairment in patients with primary hypothyroidism.Methods A total of 90 primary hypothyroidism patients untreated with thyroid hormone were selected.All the 90 patients were divided into subclinical hypothyroidism group,mild or moderate hypothyroidism group and serious hypothyroidism group,and 30 patients in each group.The other 30 healthy volunteers were selected as controls.Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) were used for the testing their orientation,immediate memory,attention and calculation,delayed recalling,linguistic competence,visual space and execution,naming ability and abstracting power.One-way analysis of variance was performed to determine significant differences among four groups.Results The MMSE scores in subclinical hypothyroidism group,mild or moderate hypothyroidism group and serious hypothyroidism group((27.53 ± 2.16),(26.90±1.88) and (24.80 ± 2.10) respectively) were lower than those of the control (28.23 ± 1.33).The MoCA scores of the above hypothyroidism groups ((23.57 ± 3.33),(2 1.60 ± 2.81) and (20.53 ± 3.03) respectively) were also lower than that of the control (26.63 ± 2.31) (P ＜ 0.05).Except for orientation and immediate memory,statistical significances of the other cognitive function were existed between hypothyroidism groups and the healthy controls (P＜ 0.05).With the increase in severity of hypothyroidism,the abnormality of attention,calculation,linguistic competence,visual space and executive ability,naming ability and abstracting power were appearing gradually in hypothyroidism groups (P ＜ 0.05),and the scores were low(P＜ 0.05).Conclusion Defects of attention and calculation,delayed recalling,linguistic competence,visual space and execution,naming ability and abstracting power are existed in primary hypothyroidism patients.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Deafness ; diagnosis ; etiology ; psychology ; Diagnostic Errors ; Female ; Hearing Loss, Sudden ; diagnosis ; Humans ; Male

Based on the research of text (Ⅰ) which determined the fermentation medium, the fermentation condition of CNY086 including temperature, volume, inoculum and inoculum age had been studied by single factor and orthogonal experiment. The optimum temperature, liquid volume, inoculum and seed age were 15?C, 250 mL/500 mL, 15%, 10 h. Under the conditions above mentioned, enzyme activity reached 104.36 U/mL in 5 L fermentor.

21 cold-active strains which produced cold-active cellulase were isolated from Bohai Bay. One of the strains CNY01 was a kind of Trichoderma viride and its cellulase activity was 67.30 U/mL. Through UV and DES mutation, the strain CNY086 was bred and its cellulase activity was 92.17 U/mL. The strain CNY086 had stable ability to produce cellulase. Through orthogonal experiment, the optimal condition of the fermentation medium had been tested. The suitable medium was that straw power 1.20%, bran 0.70%, (NH4)2SO4 0.50%, KH2PO4 0.55%, in this condition the cellulase activity came to 108.55 U/mL.

Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Otosclerosis ; surgery ; Stapes Surgery ; methods

The fermentation conditions of high 1.3 -propanediol-producing strain E. aero-N-56 were determined in this Paper. The optimum conditions of producing 1.3-PD were: initial pH 7.0, temperature 30℃, culture time 48 h, inoculum size 9% . Under the optimum conditions: the 1.3-PD productivity reached up to 23.68 g/L?d; the 1,3-PD yield of E. aero-N-56 up to 47.36 g/L in 30 L fermentor.

OBJECTIVETo discuss the diagnosis and treatment of condylar resorption of unknown reason.

METHODSThe clinical data including the records of history, physical examination, radiography and laboratory of ten patients were studied. Ten patients consisted of 8 females and 2 males (mean age 24.1 years, range 19-31 years) had common clinical features including anterior open bite, posterior occlusal prematurities and Class II malocclusion. Images demonstrated a small and short condyle with abnormal shape, usually accompanied by the developmental insufficiency of the ramus and condyle. The condylar, even the ramus, showed the black marrow signal on MRI images. Four patients were treated by condylar reconstruction with costochondral graft after condylectomy under the supervision of endoscope. Two patients were treated by reduction and repair of disk. Four patients didn't accept any treatment.

RESULTSFour patients treated by condylar reconstruction with costochondral graft showed structures with the size and shape morphologically similar to normal joint and achieved a stable occlusion after follow-up of 6-18 months. Two patients treated by reduction and repair of disk didn't show significant change of open bite and remodeling of condyle after follow-up of 4-6 months.

CONCLUSIONThe diagnosis of condylar resorption of unknown reason can be achieved based on the physical examination and radiographical images. The condylar reconstruction with costochondral graft after condylectomy is feasible.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Dental Occlusion ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Mandibular Condyle ; Retrospective Studies ; Treatment Outcome

OBJECTIVETo clarify the different prognostic characteristics between profound sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL) and total SSNHL.

METHODSThe patients with SSNHL who visited Eye Ear Nose and Throat Hospital from June 2007 to September 2008 were reviewed retrospectively. All the 204 patients, with pure tone average (PTA) threshold more than 90 dB, were enrolled and divided into two groups, including total SSNHL and profound SSNHL groups. The relationship between recovery rate and prognostic factors including the age, complications, time period between onset and therapy was analyzed.

RESULTSThere were 57 cases of total SSNHL and 147 cases of profound SSNHL in this series. Tinnitus was complained in more than 90% of the patients in both groups, which was higher than that of dizziness and ear fullness. Dizziness was present in 64.9% (37/57) patient with total SSNHL group and 45.6% (67/147) patients with profound SSNHL, which had significant difference between the two groups (χ(2) = 5.72, P = 0.017). The PTA threshold improvement in total SSNHL group and profound SSNHL group was (36.4 ± 19.3) dB and (40.2 ± 21.3) dB respectively, which was no significant difference between the two groups (t = 1.165, P = 0.245). The cured patients were all those received therapy within 1 week following the onset of SSNHL, which was of 2.6% (1/38) patients in the total SSNHL group and 14.3% (14/98) patients in the profound SSNHL group (P = 0.045). Furthermore, 3.5% (2/57) patients in total SSNHL group as well as 29.9% (44/147) patients in profound SSNHL group obtained a good result with PTA threshold ≤ 50 dB after therapy (χ(2) = 15.92, P = 0.001). In addition, the favorable prognosis was related with the onset-therapy time point(P = 0.001), but not related to the patients' age.

CONCLUSIONProfound SSNHL and total SSNHL though both with PTA threshold > 90 dB had significant differences recovery rate and need to be studied separately.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Audiometry, Pure-Tone ; Child ; Deafness ; diagnosis ; Female ; Hearing Loss, Sudden ; diagnosis ; physiopathology ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prognosis ; Retrospective Studies ; Young Adult