ObjectiveTo investigate the prevalence rate of chronic non-communicable diseases （NCDs） and the association with quality of life in middle-aged and elderly patients with HIV/AIDS. MethodsThis cross-sectional study surveyed 432 patients with HIV/AIDS （aged≥45 years） in the Infectious Disease Center in Guangzhou Eighth People’s Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University， and 366 participants were included in the analysis after quality control. A questionnaire and the EuroQol 5-Dimensional 3-level version （EQ-5D-3L） were used to investigate NCDs and quality of life and Tobit regression model was used to estimate the association between chronic diseases and quality of life. ResultsAmong the 366 participants， 29（7.9%） had cardiovascular disease， 45（12.3%） had hypertension， 122（33.3%） had hyperglycemia， 151（41.3%）had hyperlipidemia，7（1.9%） had cancer， 17 （4.6%） had chronic kidney disease， 38 （10.4%） had chronic liver disease， 21（5.7%） had musculoskeletal disorders， and 253（69.1%） suffered from at least one type of chronic diseases. The median （lower and upper quartiles） of EQ-5D utility index was 1.000（0.964~1.000）. Multivariate Tobit regression results of the total population showed that cancer ［b_a=-0.08，95%CI （-0.15，-0.01），P=0.036］， chronic kidney disease ［b_a=-0.07， 95%CI （-0.12，-0.02），P=0.006］， musculoskeletal disease ［b_a=-0.09， 95%CI （-0.13， -0.05），P<0.001］， and ≥3 types of chronic diseases［b_a=-0.05， 95%CI（-0.08，-0.01），P=0.013］ were negatively correlated with EQ-5D utility index. The stratified analysis results of different CD4+T cell levels showed that hypertension ［b_a=-0.07， 95%CI （-0.12， -0.02）， P=0.007］， chronic kidney disease ［b_a=-0.10，95%CI （-0.18，-0.03）， P=0.006］， musculoskeletal disease ［b_a=-0.15， 95%CI （-0.22，-0.07）， P<0.001］ and ≥3 types of chronic diseases ［b_a=-0.09， 95%CI （-0.09， -0.01）， P<0.001］ were negatively correlated with EQ-5D utility index in the group with CD4≤500 （cells/μL）， whereas cancer［b_a=-0.11， 95%CI （-0.20，-0.01）， P=0.031］ was negatively correlated with EQ-5D utility index in the group with CD4＞500（cells/μL）. ConclusionsThe prevalence rate of chronic non-communicable diseases in middle-aged and elderly patients with HIV/AIDS is relatively high. The classification of NCDs such as cancer or chronic kidney disease or other chronic diseases and the numbers of NCDs categories are negatively correlated with quality of life. However，this association varies among patients with HIV/AIDS of different CD4+T cell levels. It is suggested that we should try to prevent and identify NCDs at an early stage， strengthen linkages and integration of health services for AIDS and chronic NCDs， and jointly manage and control AIDS with chronic diseases to improve the quality of life among people living with HIV/AIDS.

BACKGROUND: The available evidence regarding the benefits of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) on patients receiving dialysis with coronary artery disease (CAD) is limited and inconsistent. This study aimed to evaluate the association between PCI and clinical outcomes as compared with medical therapy alone in patients undergoing dialysis with CAD in China. METHODS: This multicenter, retrospective study was conducted in 30 tertiary medical centers across 12 provinces in China from January 2015 to June 2021 to include patients on dialysis with CAD. The primary outcome was major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), defined as a composite of cardiovascular death, non-fatal myocardial infarction, and non-fatal stroke. Secondary outcomes included all-cause death, the individual components of MACE, and Bleeding Academic Research Consortium criteria types 2, 3, or 5 bleeding. Multivariable Cox proportional hazard models were used to assess the association between PCI and outcomes. Inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) and propensity score matching (PSM) were performed to account for potential between-group differences. RESULTS: Of the 1146 patients on dialysis with significant CAD, 821 (71.6%) underwent PCI. After a median follow-up of 23.0 months, PCI was associated with a 43.0% significantly lower risk for MACE (33.9% [ n  = 278] vs . 43.7% [ n  = 142]; adjusted hazards ratio 0.57, 95% confidence interval 0.45-0.71), along with a slightly increased risk for bleeding outcomes that did not reach statistical significance (11.1% vs . 8.3%; adjusted hazards ratio 1.31, 95% confidence interval, 0.82-2.11). Furthermore, PCI was associated with a significant reduction in all-cause and cardiovascular mortalities. Subgroup analysis did not modify the association of PCI with patient outcomes. These primary findings were consistent across IPTW, PSM, and competing risk analyses. CONCLUSION This study indicated that PCI in patients on dialysis with CAD was significantly associated with lower MACE and mortality when comparing with those with medical therapy alone, albeit with a slightly increased risk for bleeding events that did not reach statistical significance.
Humans ; Percutaneous Coronary Intervention/methods* ; Male ; Female ; Coronary Artery Disease/drug therapy* ; Retrospective Studies ; Renal Dialysis/methods* ; Middle Aged ; Aged ; China ; Proportional Hazards Models ; Treatment Outcome

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is intricately linked to the most severe clinical manifestations of brain damage. It encompasses dynamic pathological mechanisms, including hemodynamic disorders, excitotoxic injury, oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, inflammation, and neuronal death. This review provides a comprehensive analysis and summary of biomaterial-based tissue engineering scaffolds and nano-drug delivery systems. As an example of functionalized biomaterials, nano-drug delivery systems alter the pharmacokinetic properties of drugs. They provide multiple targeting strategies relying on factors such as morphology and scale, magnetic fields, pH, photosensitivity, and enzymes to facilitate the transport of therapeutics across the blood-brain barrier and to promote selective accumulation at the injury site. Furthermore, therapeutic agents can be incorporated into bioscaffolds to interact with the biochemical and biophysical environment of the brain. Bioscaffolds can mimic the extracellular matrix environment, regulate cellular interactions, and increase the effectiveness of local treatments following surgical interventions. Additionally, stem cell-based and exosome-dominated extracellular vesicle carriers exhibit high bioreactivity and low immunogenicity and can be used to design therapeutic agents with high bioactivity. This review also examines the utilization of endogenous bioactive materials in the treatment of TBI.

OBJECTIVE In the context of the era of innovation and entrepreneurship, the training model of pharmaceutical talents is facing challenges. In order to cultivate overall development of pharmaceutical innovative talents, an in-depth research is carried out from multiple perspectives such as education orientation, education mode and education team. METHODS The research systematically analyzed the concept, system, orientation, channels, plan and cooperation of pharmaceutical talent training to build a new cultivation mechanism which adapts to the national strategic adjustments and social situation changes. RESULTS The research summarized the ideas and formulated a model for cultivating innovative application-oriented pharmaceutical talents which was guided by ideological and political education, oriented towards real issues in the industrial, scientific, and clinical sectors. It emphasized multi-chain collaboration, integrating high-quality resources to promote the enhancement of original innovation capabilities. CONCLUSION The research not only provides experience for the training of pharmaceutical innovative talents in the College of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Zhejiang University, but also provides references for the training of pharmaceutical talents in other universities in China.

Objective Developing a new type of full-face respiratory protective mask for nuclear facility sites to enhance the sound transmission function and improve the facial adaptability. Methods Combined with feedback from on-site practical needs, this study utilized finite element simulation and ergonomic design methods to investigate the voice transmission units of full-face masks and the facial features of workers at key nuclear facilities. Based on the research results, a new full-face respiratory protection mask structure was designed. Results The optimized structure of passive thin film voice transmission unit significantly enhanced voice transmission efficiency, reducing average voice transmission loss by approximately 70% compared to the control group using thin plate units of equivalent thickness. The existing facial feature test panels insufficiently cover and unevenly classify the facial features of workers at key nuclear facilities. In this study, a specialized test panel based on measurement data achieved a total coverage of 98.5% with high distribution uniformity within each class, providing effective guidance for redesigning full-face mask structural parameters. In comparison to foreign products currently utilized in nuclear facilities, the newly designed full-face mask structure exhibited excellent tightness and structural safety and reliability, and can be cleaned, decontaminated, and reused. Conclusion The results of this study provide significant guidance for improving and optimizing full-face respiratory protection mask used at nuclear facilities, as well as promoting domestic production of high-quality full-face respiratory protection masks.

Objective:To analyze the clinical characteristics of invasive klebsiella pneumoniae liver abscess syndrome (IKPLAS), and compare it with common pyogenic liver abscess (CPLA). Methods:The social demography and clinical data of inpatients with pyogenic liver abscess from January 2011 to December 2021 in the Peking University People's Hospital were collected. Based on the presence or absence of invasive infections and the results of bacterial etiology, IKPLAS was diagnosed and compared with CPLA. The general information, symptoms, past medical history, auxiliary examinations and prognosis indicators of the two groups of patients were compared.Results:Total of 172 patients with pyogenic liver abscess were collected, including 25 cases of IKPLAS. Compared with CPLA group, the proportion of fever in IKPLAS group was lower, the proportion of diabetes history was higher, the proportion of monocytes was lower, and procalcitonin and urea nitrogen were higher(all P<0.05), the proportion of multiple abscesses is higher, and the positive rate of blood culture and the cultivation of klebsiella pneumoniae are both higher (all P<0.05).A total of 9 cases (5.2%) of patients developed septic shock, of which 2 cases (1.2%) died. The IKPLAS group had a higher proportion of ICU admissions ( P<0.05),but but the difference of mortality between the two groups was not statistically significant ( P>0.05). The most common sites of invasion infection in the IKPLAS group are the lungs(22/25), brain(9/25), and eyes(9/25). Conclusions:There are differences in clinical characteristics between IKPLAS and CPLA, the most common sites of invasion infection are the lungs, brain, and eyes, but there is no difference in mortality in this study. For PLA with pathogenic Klebsiella pneumoniae, it is necessary to carefully evaluate the presence of invasive lesions and provide targeted local treatment to better improve prognosis.

Objective:To investigate the clinical efficacy of non-drug interventions in hospice and palliative care(HPC)for improving cancer-related fatigue(CRF)in elderly individuals and its impact on quality of life.Methods:This study presents findings from a single-center randomized controlled trial conducted at Zhejiang Hospital, focusing on 40 elderly patients experiencing cancer-related fatigue(CRF)between February 2022 and February 2023.The participants were randomly assigned into a control group and an intervention group, each consisting of 20 individuals, using the random number table method.Both groups received routine comprehensive treatment, with the intervention group additionally receiving hospice and palliative care(HPC)non-drug intervention.Following 6 weeks of continuous treatment, the study compared the clinical efficacy, changes in CRF, and quality of life before and after treatment between the two groups.Results:Comparing the baseline data of the two groups of patients, the difference was not statistically significant(all P>0.05).After 6 weeks of treatment, patients in the intervention group reported lower levels of current fatigue, general fatigue, worst fatigue in the past 24 hours, and impact of fatigue on various aspects of their lives compared to the control group(all P<0.01).The clinical remission rate of cancer-related fatigue(CRF)in the intervention group was 60%, significantly higher than the 5% in the control group( P<0.01).Additionally, the intervention group showed improvement in overall quality of life and emotional function with decreased symptom areas scores(fatigue, nausea and vomiting, shortness of breath, sleep disorders, and loss of appetite)( P<0.01 for quality of life and emotional function, P<0.05 for symptom areas). Conclusions:Non-pharmacological interventions within the context of hospice and palliative care have been shown to alleviate cancer-related fatigue in elderly cancer patients, ultimately improving their quality of life.These interventions have demonstrated positive effects on various aspects such as overall quality of life, functional status, fatigue, nausea and vomiting, shortness of breath, sleep disorders, and decreased appetite.Furthermore, these interventions are considered safe and effective in the treatment of elderly cancer patients experiencing fatigue.

Objective To understand the current situation of human brain donation in Hebei Province by analyzing the basic information of Human Brain Bank samples of Hebei Medical University in order to provide basic data support for subsequent scientific research.Methods The samples collected from the Human Brain Bank of Hebei Medical University were analyzed(from December 2019 to February 2024),including gender,age,cause of death,as well as quality control data such as postmortem delay time,pH value of cerebrospinal fluid and and RNA integrity number and result of neuropathological diagnosis.Results Until February 2024,30 human brain samples were collected and stored in the Human Brain Bank of Hebei Medical University,with a male to female ratio of 9∶1.Donors over 70 years old accounted for 53％.Cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases(36.67％)and nervous system diseases(23.33％)accounted for a high proportion of the death causes.The location of brain tissue donors in Shijiazhuang accounted for 90％donations,and the others were from outside the city.The postmortem delay time was relatively short,90％within 12 hours and 10％more than 12 hours.69.23％of the brain samples had RNA integrity values greater than 6.Cerebrospinal fluid pH values ranged from 5.8 to 7.5,with an average value of 6.60±0.45.Brain weights ranged from 906-1496 g,with an average value of(1210.78±197.84)g.Three apolipoprotein E(APOE)alleles were detected including five genotypes(ε2/ε3,ε2/ε4,ε3/ε3,ε3/ε4,ε4/ε4).Eleven staining methods related to neuropathological diagnosis had been established and used.A total of 12 cases were diagnosed as neurodegenerative diseases(including Alzheimer's disease,Parkinson's disease,multiple system atrophy,corticobasal degeneration and progressive supranuclear palsy,etc.),accounting for 40％donated brains.The comorbidity rate of samples over 80 years old was 100％.Conclusion The summary and analyses of the data of brain donors in the Human Brain Bank of Hebei Medical University can reflect the current situation of the construction and operation of the brain bank in Hebei Province,and it can also be more targeted to understand and identify potential donors.Our information can provide reference for the construction of brain bank and provides more reliable materials and data support for scientific research.

Objective To investigate the efficacy of single-use flexible ureteroscopes combined with flexible tip negative pressure suction sheath in the primary treatment of upper urinary tract stones. Methods A total of 236 patients with upper urinary tract stones were selected as study subjects. Through retrospective analysis, the patients were divided into study group (n=118) and control group (n=118). The study group was treated with single-use flexible ureteroscopes combined with flexible tip negative pressure suction sheath, while the control group received treatment with single-use flexible ureter oscopes combined with conventional sheath. The postoperative pain level [Visual Analogue Scale (VAS)], inflammatory markers, stress indicators, renal function parameters, complication rates and stone clearance rates were compared between the two groups. Results On the first, second, and third postoperative day, the VAS scores in the control group were significantly higher than those in the study group (P < 0.05). At 1 d after surgery, the levels of C-reactive protein, interleukin-6, procalcitonin, norepinephrine and cortisol in the study group were significantly lower than those in the control group (P < 0.05). Additionally, on the first postoperative day, the levels of urea nitrogen, serum creatinine, uric acid and cystatin C in the study group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P < 0.05). The overall complication rate in the study group was 14.4%, which was significantly lower than 27.1% in the control group (P < 0.05). The postoperative stone clearance rate in the study group was 98.3%, which was significantly higher than 88.1% in the control group (P < 0.05). Conclusion The combination of single-use flexible ureteroscopes and flexible tip negative pressure suction sheath exhibits superior efficacy in the primary treatment of upper urinary tract stones. This approach can enhance stone clearance rates, reduces complication rates, alleviate postoperative pain and inflammatory responses, and promotes renal function recovery.

Aim To investigate the differences in the role of different purinergic receptor subtypes at different sites in postoperative-hyperalgesic priming in mice. Methods A postoperative-hyperalgesic priming model was constructed by injecting PGE