This study investigated that the effect of rewetting agent on dentinal microtensile bond strength (microTBS). Human molars were sectioned to expose the superficial dentin surfaces. Samples were divided into two groups according to type of adhesives-Single Bond (S) and One-Step (O)], and again subdivided into five groups by different dentin surface treatment-dry for 15s (D), blot dry (BD) or dry for 15s, and rewet with different rewetting agents [distilled water (DW), Gluma Desensitizer (GD) and Aqua-Prep (AP)] for 30s. After application of adhesive, composite resin was built up on the bonding surface. Each tooth was sectioned to obtain stick with 1 mm2 cross sectional area and the microTBS was determined by EZ test. In the S group, the mean microTBS of GD, AP and BD group was significantly higher than that of DW and D group (p < 0.05). In the O group, the mean microTBS of AP, GD, BD and DW group was significantly higher than that of D group (p < 0.05). The data suggested that Gluma Desensitizer and Aqua-Prep could be successfully used as rewetting agents, and Distilled water could be acceptable in aceton based adhesive system only.
Adhesives ; Dentin* ; Humans ; Molar ; Tooth ; Water

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of immediate or delayed composite resin filling on dentinal microtensile bond strength (microTBS) after applied the adhesive. The coronal dentin of human third molars was exposed. Single-Bond or One-Step was applied on the dentin surfaces, and composite resin were constructed immediately (group 1) or 5 min., 10 min., 15 min., 20 min. and 30 min. (groups 2-6) after an adhesive was applied. The specimens were sectioned and made bar-shaped. Each surface area of them was about 1mm2. The microTBS test was performed by EZ test. The results were analysed by One-way ANOVA and Tukey's test at 95% significance level. The results suggested that the microTBS of Single-Bond to dentin was decreased when the composite resin was constructed 20 min. and 30 min. after Single-Bond was applied. But the microTBS of One-Step was not affected by delayed composite resin filling.
Adhesives ; Dentin ; Humans ; Molar, Third

This study evaluated the microleakage and interfacial gap between enamel and composite resin under the dry and wet condition of the enamel surface. V shaped class 5 cavities were prepared on the occlusal portion of extracted human molars. Samples were divided into three groups: D group (air dry for 10-15 s), BD group (blot dry with moist cotton pellet), and DR group (air dry for 10-15 s and rewet with Aqua-Prep F for 20 s). Cavities were filled using Aelitefil composite resin after applied One-Step. Microleakage was tested by 2% methylene blue dye solution and the data were statistically analysed by Kruskal-Wallis test and Mann-Whitney test. Also Enamel-resin interface was observed under SEM. Group BD showed statistically lower microleakage than group D (p < 0.05), but there was no statistically significant difference between group BD and DR (p > 0.05). At the enamel-resin interface, group D showed the gap of 2 microm thickness, but group BD and DR showed close adaptation. In conclusion, the use of blot dry and rewetting agent (Aqua-Prep F) resulted in decreased microleakage and improved adhesion between enamel and resin when using One-Step.
Dental Enamel* ; Humans ; Methylene Blue ; Molar

This study evaluated the marginal microleakage of five single step adhesives. Class V cavity preparations with occlusal margins in enamel and gingival margins in dentin were prepared on both buccal and lingual surfaces of extracted human molar teeth. Prepared teeth were randomly divided into five groups and restored using one of the single step adhesives and composite resins: Prompt L-Pop/Filtek Z-250 (Group 1), AQ Bond/Metafil CX (Group 2), One-Up Bond F/Palfique Toughwell (Group 3), Futurabond/Admira (Group 4), Xeno III/Spectrum TPH (Group 5). The restored teeth were thermocycled. Microleakage was assessed by dye penetration using 2% methylene blue dye solution. The teeth were bisected buccolingually and evaluated for microleakage under steromicroscope. The data were statistically analysed by Kruskal-Wallis test and Mann-Whitney tests. The results of this study were as follows; 1. Microleakage of enamel margins in group 3 was statistically higher than that in groups 1, 2, 4, 5 (p < 0.05). 2. Microleakage of dentin margins in group 1 was statistically higher than that in groups 2, 5, and that in group 3 was statistically higher than that in groups 2, 4, 5 (p < 0.05). 3. Dentin marginal microleakage was higher than enamel marginal microleakage in all experimental groups. In conclusion, Prompt L-Pop showed the least leakage at enamel margin, and AQ Bond showed at dentin margin in this study. Marginal miroleakage in dentin was higher than that in enamel.
Adhesives* ; Composite Resins ; Dental Enamel ; Dentin ; Humans ; Methylene Blue ; Molar ; Tooth

This study evaluated the influence of application time of self-etching primers on microtensile bond strength (microTBS) to dentin using three self-etching primer adhesive systems. Dentin surfaces were exposed from forty-eight human molars. They were conditioned with three self-etching primers (Clearfil SE Bond [SE], Unifil Bond [UF], Tyrian SPE + One Step Plus [TY]) and different primining times (10s, 20s, 30s and 40s). Composite resins were bonded to dentin surfaces and specimens were made. microTBS was tested and statistically compared using by one-way ANOVA and Tukey's Test The results of this study presented that priming time for 10s in SE and UF groups and for 30s and 40s in TY group was highly decreased microTBS to dentin.
Adhesives ; Composite Resins ; Dentin* ; Humans ; Molar

Purpose of the present study was to find the optimal ovulation induction medicine for the maturation and development of immature oocytes and culture media for 2-cell embryos in the mouse model. ICR female mouse aged 6 to 8 weeks, were stimulated with 5 IU PMSG injection. At 47 to 50 hour post-PMSG injection, ovaries were dissected out and oocytes-cumulus complexes were punctured. The oocyte-cumulus complexes were cultured in media containing various ovulation induction medicine, CC, HMG and Metrodin for 18 hours. Female ICR mice were stimulated with 5 IU PMSG and 48 hours later were injected 5 IU of hCG, then female and male mice were mated. At 48 hour post-hCG injection, oviducts were dissected out and 2-cell embryos were flushed. The 2-cell embryos were cultured in various media, Ham's F-10 media of milli-Q water (3degrees), Ham's F-10 media of HPLC (high performance liquid chromatography, Baxter) water, Medicult media, HTF (human tubal fluid) media for 96hours. The results were as follows. 1. When the oocytes-cumulus complexes were cultured in 10(-9)microgram/ml~ 10(-8)microgram/ml of CC, those were suppressed in meiotic maturation (28.2~ 33.7%). Whereas the oocytes-cumulus complexes were cultured in 10(-7)microgram/ml~10(-4)microgram/ml, these were not effected in meiotic maturation (54.5~72.7%). 2. When the oocytes-cumulus complexes were cultured in 10(-4)microgram/ml~ 10(-1)microgram/ml of Metrodin, those were suppressed in meiotic maturation (35.7~ 41.5%). Meanwhile the oocytes-cumulus complexes were cultured in 10(-7)microgram/ml~10(-5)microgram/ml, those were not effected in meiotic maturation (54.2~ 70.3%). 3. When the oocytes-cumulus complexes were cultured in 10(-5)microgram/ml~ 10(-4)microgram/ml of HMG, those were suppressed in meiotic maturation (48.2~ 50.4%). As being cultured in 10(-7)microgram/ml~10(-6)microgram/ml, increased in meiotic maturation (75.8~80.7%). 4. When the 2-cell embryos were cultured in Ham's F-10 media of milli-Q wats. ( 3degrees), Ham's F-10 media of HPLC (high performance liquid chromatograpy, Banter) water, Medicult media, HTF (human tubal fluid) media, developmental rates to blastocyst and hatching for 96 hour were 50.0%, 45.2%, 71.5% and 95.6%, respectively.
Animals ; Blastocyst ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Chromatography, Liquid ; Culture Media ; Embryonic Structures* ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Mice* ; Mice, Inbred ICR ; Oocytes* ; Ovary ; Oviducts ; Ovulation Induction* ; Ovulation* ; Urofollitropin ; Water

We report here on a very rare case of granulocytic sarcoma of the pectoralis muscle on the left chest wall of a patient with chronic myelogenous leukemia, and this malady presented as a very rapidly growing hematoma-like mass.
Humans ; Leukemia ; Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive ; Pectoralis Muscles ; Sarcoma ; Sarcoma, Myeloid ; Thoracic Wall

To explore the potential function of interleukin-13 (IL-13), lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or PBS as a control was unilaterally microinjected into striatum of rat brain. Seven days after LPS injection, there was a significant loss of neurons and microglial activation in the striatum, visualized by immunohistochemical staining against neuronal nuclei (NeuN) and the OX-42 (complement receptor type 3, CR3), respectively. In parallel, IL-13 immunoreactivity was increased as early as 3 days and sustained up to 7 days post LPS injection, compared to PBS-injected control and detected exclusively within microglia. Moreover, GFAP immunostaining and blood brain barrier (BBB) permeability evaluation showed the loss of astrocytes and disruption of BBB, respectively. By contrast, treatment with IL-13 neutralizing antibody (IL-13NA) protects NeuN + neurons against LPSinduced neurotoxicity in vivo . Accompanying neuroprotection, IL-13NA reduced loss of GFAP + astrocytes and damage of BBB in LPS-injected striatum. Intriguingly, treatment with IL-13NA produced neurotrophic factors (NTFs) on survived astrocytes in LPS-injected rat striatum. Taken together, the present study suggests that LPS induces expression of IL-13 on microglia, which contributes to neurodegeneration via damage on astrocytes and BBB disruption in the striatum in vivo.

An endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) is an effective and safe therapeutic technique for treating a patient with a laterally-spreading tumor (LST). Colonoscopic-procedure-related complications are noted to be about 2.8% worldwide, and a perforation is the most common. Most colon perforations cause pneumoperitoneum. However, a perforation within the retroperitoneal portion of the colon (rectum and some of sigmoid colon) may cause an extraperitoneal perforation, and the leaking free air may induce pneumoretroperitoneum, pneumomediastinum, and subcutaneous emphysema, depending on the amount of discharged air. Herein, we present the case of a patient with an extraperitoneal colon microperforation which manifested as pneumoretroperitoneum, pneumomediastinum, and subcutaneous emphysema after an EMR for a sigmoid LST, which was successfully treated with medical treatment and endoscopic clipping.
Colon ; Colon, Sigmoid ; Colonoscopy ; Humans ; Mediastinal Emphysema* ; Pneumoperitoneum ; Retropneumoperitoneum* ; Subcutaneous Emphysema*

Wheat is known as a causative agent of bakers' asthma, wheat-dependent exercise induced anaphylaxis and food allergies in infants and young children. However, there has been few cases of wheat-induced anaphylaxis in adult age. We report a case of wheat-induced anaphylaxis patient presented in an adult and two IgE-binding components(43 kDa and 48 kDa) were identified.
Adult* ; Anaphylaxis* ; Asthma ; Child ; Food Hypersensitivity ; Humans ; Infant ; Triticum