No abstract available.
Malocclusion* ; Malocclusion, Angle Class I* ; Molar*

No abstract available.

No abstract available.
Animals ; Bone Resorption* ; Dinoprostone* ; Rats* ; Tooth Movement* ; Tooth*

By observing the correlationships between the characteristics of the facial pattern and the methods of establishing the position of the lower central incisor to the five reference lines on the lateral roentacenocephalograms, the author tried to fine the most useful method of them, the criteris of which were the independence of a vatiation according to facial patterns, the close rslationships with soft tissue and lip balance, and the simple and consistent usefulness in clinical practice. The subject consisted of forty normal occlusions, forty class II div 1 malocclusion, forty class III malocclusions, ten treated class II div 1 cases and ten treated class III cases, all were in 14-17 yrs of age. The findings of this study are as follows: 1. The position of the lower central incisor to FP, OP, MP and NB showed variations according to ANB, FMA, Facial convesity and holdaway angle. 2. The position of the lover central incisor to AP line (A-Pog) was not correlated with ANB, FMA, Facial convexity and Holdaway angle, so it can be used consistently, regardlesss of the facial pattern. 3. The linear position of the incisal edge of the lower central incisor to AP line has a profound influence on harmonious soft tissue and lip balance.
Incisor* ; Lip ; Malocclusion

This study was undertaken to investigate the degree of asymmetry in each part of the head in skeletal craniofacial asymmetric patients, and secondarily to determine the nature of difference existed between asymmetric patients and normal persons. The subjects consisted of 49 asymmetric adult patients and 52 normal adults, and the average ages were 21 years 5 months and 23 years 5 months, respectively. The computerized analyses of 33 linear measurements, 12 angular. measurements, and 8 surface areas from posteroanterior cephalometric radiograph were carried out. The conclusions were as follows; 1. Asymmetry was a common finding in both normal and asymmetric group. 2. When the analyses were undertaken after the head was divided into 3 parts anteroposteriorly and superoinferiorly in the asymmetric patients, there were significant asymmetries in all parts excepts in the cranial base region. 3. When the analyses were undertaken after the head was divided into respective 3 parts anteroposteriorly in the asymmetric patients, the more posterior part showed relative stability than the more anterior part. 4. When the analyses were undertaken after the head was divided into 3 parts superoinferiorly in the asymmetric patients, the more superior part showed relative stability than the more inferior part. 5. Twelve variables indicating asymmetry were selected and the highest ranked variable was Me-Mid-sagittal reference line.
Adult ; Head ; Humans ; Skull Base

This study was undertaken to investigate the difference of chin morphology and mandibular form in relation to different mandibular growth direction. The subject was divided into three group i.e., control group, vertical group, and horizontal group, according to the criteria of Bjork sum, and each group was composed of 15 females and 15 males. Medial axis analysis in addition to the routine cephalometric analysis using P.I.A.S. (personal image analysing system) was carried out to find out the differences of mandibular morphology on each group. The results were as follows: 1. The area of symphysis was larger in horizontal growth group than that of vertical growth group. 2. Protruding chin area was also larger in horizontal growth group than that of vertical growth group. 3. There was a close correlationship between protruding chin area and other form of mandible. 4. Antegonial notch depth and ramus posterior contour depth was deeper in vertical growth group than in horizontal growth group, and antegonial notch depth was more influenced by anterior part of notch than posterior part of notch. 5. Mental medial axis and incisal medial axis length, in relation to corpus medial axis length was larger in vertical growth group than in horizontal growth group.
Axis, Cervical Vertebra ; Chin* ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Mandible

There are variations in regional cranial and facial balance as a normal developmental process and regional imbalances often tend to compensate each other to provide functional equilibrium. This study was designed to analyse the patterns of morphologic harmony and inharmony inherent in normal occlusion and malocclusion. The subjects consisted of 92 individuals with normal occlusion and 60 Class III malocclusion patients. Their lateral cephalograms were traced and analysed using the counterpart analysis described by Enlow. The normal occlusion group was divided into Normal Types A and B according to the relative positions of Points A and B. The following conclusions were reached. 1. The normal occlusion consisted of 28.3% of Normal Type A and 69.6% of Normal Type B. 2. The Normal Type A and B differed from each other m the morphology of the cranial base, the mandibular ramus and corpus, and the functional occlusal plane The Normal Type B showed considerable mandibular protrusion effect in the effective dimension and alignment of the above factors. 3. Most normal individuals showed some degree of disharmony among morphologic factors but the deviations were relatively small. 4. The Normal Type B was less balanced than the Normal Type A. 5. More regional imbalances were involved in Class III malocclusion and the Imbalances were more severe.
Dental Occlusion ; Humans ; Malocclusion* ; Skull Base

The purpose of this study was to analyze the reorganization of periodontal ligament after collagenase treatment with autoradiography. The author compared the collagenase-treated experimental group and no-treated experimental group with control group. Fourty eight Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into nine groups, including normal control and immediate group. Closed coil springs were used between the upper incisors and the first molars with 100 grams. Collagenase and 3H-proline were adminstered and the samples were sacrificed and sectioned. After being dipped into the NTB-3 emulsion the samples were analyzed with light microscope under H/E stain. Data were analyzed by t-test and ANOVA. The results were as follows: 1) Generally collagenase-treated groups got more 3H-proline uptake than no-treated groups. 2) Compared with normal control group, collagenase-treated group had the same 3H-proline uptake in amount at 21th day. 3) Among cemento-enamel junction, middle, apex areas, cementa-enamel junction area of collagenase-treated group arrived at normal control level earlier than no-treated group. 4) Cemento-enamel junction area had the most 3H-proline incorporation amount in no-treated group, but apex area had the most in collagenase group.
Animals ; Autoradiography ; Collagenases ; Incisor ; Molar ; Periodontal Ligament ; Periodontium* ; Rats* ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Tooth Movement* ; Tooth*

This purpose of this study was to investigate the differences in soft tissue characteristrcs according to the dental or skeletal dysplasia. For this purpose, lateral cephalogram of 153 children (Hellman dental age IIIB, control group 32, Angle Cl II. Div 1 malocclusion group 55, Angle Cl III group 66) were traced and measured. For these measurements, following conclusions were made. 1. FH A, FH Sn, FH UL, AA' of the Class III group were thicker than those of the normal and Class II group, but FH B, FH LL', BB' of the Class III group were not significantly different from those of the normal group. 2. FH B, FH LL, BB' of the Class II group were thicker than those of the normal and Class III group, but FH A, FH Sn, FH UL, AA' of the Class II group were not significantly different from those of the normal group. 3. Ans-Sn, FH P were not significantly different in three groups, while pp' of the Class III group was thicker than those of the other groups. 4. The lower lips of the Class II group were more anterioly everted with respect to the lower incisor inclination than those of the other groups. 5. The severity of skeletal dysplasia was partly camouflaged by the soft tissue.
Child* ; Dentition, Mixed* ; Humans ; Incisor ; Lip ; Malocclusion

To investigate the relationship between the pubertal spurt in body height and bone maturity of the hand-and-wrist in normal occlusion, the author X-rayed the hand-and-wrists of 1, 141 students (male 614, female 527) and assessed their bone maturity. In this study, eleven skeletal stages were selected, The bones used to determine skeletal maturity were the ulnar sesamoid of the metacapophalangeal joint of the first finger, the epiphyses of the proximal, middle, distal phalanges of the third finger, and middle phalanx of the fifth finger, and distal epiphysis of the radius. From the longitudinal data for height, an assessment was made of the change in growth velocity. The pubertal growth stage was divided into onset and peak height velocity phases. The results were as follows; 1. The onset of the pubertal growth was between the pp3=and MP3=stage for boys, and between the MP3=and MP5= stage for girls; the mean age of onset was 10.6 years for boys and 9.0 years for girls. 2. The peak height velocity was between the S and MP3cap stage for boys, and between the MP3cap and MPMP5cap stage for girls; the mean age of peak height velocity was 12.5 years for boys and 10.9 years for girls. 3. As the stages of bone meturity progressed from DP3u, to PP3u, MP3u, Ru, the peak height velocity had been reached, and the growth rate retarded, therefore the approach to full physical maturity was attained. 4. The evidence for the period of onset, peak height velocity and bone maturation sugggested that girls were in advance of boys. During the latte part of pubertal growth, the rate of boys' bone maturation was faster than that of grils'.
Age of Onset ; Body Height ; Epiphyses ; Female ; Fingers ; Humans ; Joints ; Radius