Cirsoid aneurysm of the calp is a congenital arteriovenous malformation which is the result of abnormal connections betwe:.n the external carotid artery and scalp veins with a subsequent dilatation of vascular channels nd formation of aneurysm. We report a case of cirsoid aneurysm of the scalp on the left parieto-occipital area of 14-year-old female who had had 8 x 5 x 0.8 cm sized pulsating soft mass for 2 years. 4 vessel angiog raphy revealed a arteriovenous malformation that emerge mainly from a superficial temporal artery and occipital artery of the left external carotid artery and partially from the right superficial temporal artery and drined into the left scalp vein. The mass was removed by excision with ligation of the feeding arter es and followed up for 2 years without recurrence.
Adolescent ; Aneurysm* ; Arteries ; Arteriovenous Malformations ; Carotid Artery, External ; Dilatation ; Female ; Humans ; Ligation ; Recurrence ; Scalp* ; Temporal Arteries ; Veins

BACKGROUND: Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection may cause systemic inflammation and increase the production of tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin-1, and interleukin-6. Unfortunately, bone mineral density also may be affected by these cytokines. This study aimed to evaluate the association between bone mineral density and H. pylori infection. METHODS: A cross-sectional study evaluated 1,126 men undergoing a comprehensive health screening in a private Korean screening center. Subjects' sera were tested for H. pylori antibodies (immunoglobulin G) using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and bone mineral densities (g/cm2) of the lumbar spine, femoral neck, and total femur were obtained using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. To evaluate the difference in bone mineral density according to H. pylori infection status, the adjusted mean bone mineral densities at each site were compared after adjusting for potential confounders, including age, sex, body mass index, smoking, alcohol consumption, and exercise. RESULTS: H. pylori infection was associated with a significant decrease in mean lumbar bone mineral density (H. pylori-positive, 1.190 g/cm2; H. pylori-negative, 1.219 g/cm2; P=0.006), which was greatest among men who were > or =50 years old (H. pylori-positive, 1.193 g/cm2; H. pylori-negative, 1.233 g/cm2; P=0.006). However, no significant association was observed in the bone mineral densities of the total femur and femoral neck. CONCLUSION: In men, H. pylori infection was negatively associated with lumbar bone mineral density. This association may be useful in the early detection, prevention, and management of male osteoporosis.
Absorptiometry, Photon ; Alcohol Drinking ; Antibodies ; Body Mass Index ; Bone Density ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Cytokines ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Femur ; Femur Neck ; Helicobacter pylori* ; Helicobacter* ; Humans ; Inflammation ; Interleukin-1 ; Interleukin-6 ; Male ; Mass Screening ; Osteoporosis ; Risk Factors* ; Smoke ; Smoking ; Spine ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha

No abstract available.
Glioblastoma*

The Korean Transplant Act has been revised five times since 1999, and each revision has resulted in a slight donation rate increased; however, the organ shortage had not been solved. As a result, further revision of the Transplant Act is needed. The current focuses solely on efficiency for transplantation. Therefore, this study suggests a paradigm shift in the revision of the act through the virtuous cycle for activating donation; namely, from an efficiency-based transplant system to a donor-centered transplant system.
Government Regulation ; Transplantation

No abstract available.
Smoking* ; Tobacco Products*

BACKGROUND: Pain is one of the most troublesome problems caused by malignancy. We evaluated the change in pain status according to observance of NCCN guidelines in lung cancer patients. METHODS: Lung cancer patients complaining of pain at admission were examined. The pain was assessed with visual analogue scale (VAS) for 20 days and moderate-to-severe pain was defined as more than VAS level 3. The guideline observance was classified as high (more than 80%), medium (50~79%) and low (less than 50%). RESULTS: Among the total 91 lung cancer patients with pain, 34 patients (37%) had moderate-to-severe pain. Their average VAS score at admission was 5.6. It decreased to 2.9 after a 20-day period of pain management. The time to reach a VAS less than 3 was 3 days in a high guideline observance group, while it took 6 days in a low observance group. In addition, the pain in the high observance group was controlled to less than 3 VAS level in 86% of patients, whereas only 25% of patients in the low observance group succeeded. CONCLUSION: Pain was more effectively controlled when the dose of drugs was modified according to NCCN guidelines in lung cancer patients indicating the importance of guideline observance in pain management.
Humans ; Lung ; Lung Neoplasms ; Pain Management

Lung cancer frequently metastasizes to distant organs. However, solitary metastasis to the pancreas, with lung cancer as the source, is very rare. Most metastatic cases of the pancreas tend to be discovered in patients with widely disseminated malignant disease. In addition, patients with pancreatic metastases are often asymptomatic, the metastatic lesions are found incidentally, and are misdiagnosed as primary pancreatic tumors. We described the case of a 63-year-old man who presented with abdominal pain and a pancreatic nodule. The patient underwent resection of primary lung cancer followed by pylorus preserving pancreatoduodenectomy. The pancreatic nodule was confirmed as a solitary metastasis from lung cancer.
Abdominal Pain ; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Pancreas ; Pancreaticoduodenectomy ; Pylorus

The purpose of this pictorial essay is to describe the ultrasonographic and clinical findings of patients with small testes due to a wide range of causes. We retrospectively reviewed the ultrasonographic and clinical findings of various causes of small testes. We present various causes of small testes on ultrasonography including Klinefelter syndrome, testicular torsion, mumps orchitis, inguinal hernia, cryptorchidism, varicocele, and trauma. On ultrasonography, small testes in patients with testicular torsion, mumps orchitis, and trauma usually showed heterogeneous echogenicity. Atrophic testes were homogeneously hypoechoic in patients with cryptorchidism and inguinal hernia and were isoechoic to the normal testis in patients with varicocele. Klinefelter syndrome patients had small hyperechoic or hypoechoic nodules, but the echogenicity of the remnant portion of the testes was homogeneous. Ultrasonography is helpful for detecting small testes and for the differential diagnosis of the various possible causes of small testes.

Background/Aims: Possible fatal complications arising from coronary angiography (CAG), percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), and coronary artery disease itself, are likely to cause medical disputes. Presenting the current status and reasons for judgments given in lawsuits related to CAG/PCI, this study aimed to identify ways to prevent unnecessary disputes and medical malpractice suits related to CAG/PCI through lawsuit analysis. Methods: A total of 13 cases (20 judgments) found in the Supreme Court of Korea’s Written Judgment Management System from 1998 to 2017 were analyzed. Results: Coronary artery injury was the most common causative complication that led to lawsuits (n = 6, 46%). Six cases (46%) were ruled in favor of the plaintiff for violation of duty of care (n = 4) and duty of explanation (n = 2), respectively. Cases that violated duty of care included two errors in intra-procedure device manipulation, one in pre-procedure diagnosis, and one in management of post-procedure complication. Lack of explanation regarding the risk of complications was pointed out in both cases that violated duty of explanation. The average awarded amount for the damages was 114,436,064 Korean won. Conclusions Physicians need not fear unfair judgments so long as they follow standard of care because the Court consistently looked at the probability, the foreseeability, and the evidence. Therefore, maintaining standard of care is important. Besides, specific, detailed, and comprehensible explanations, including the risk of complications in addition to the necessity of procedures, are important to ensure the patient clearly understands the possible risk of adverse outcomes.

Currently, various Nickel-Titanium rotary files are used in endodontic treatment, but there is no one perfect system that can be applied to any clinical situation. Therefore, the combined uses of various file systems which can emphasize the advantages of each system are introduced as hybrid instrumentation. The ProTaper system is efficient in body shaping and apical pre-enlargement but is reported to have more possibility of transportation and produce more aberrations and deformation in more or less severe curved canals. Recently, new ProTaper system (ProTaper Universal) with different configuration and cross-sectional design to overcome the week points of ProTaper have been marketed. The purpose of this study was to compare and evaluate the shaping abilities of ProTaper, ProTaper Universal system, and two hybrid methods using S-series of ProTaper Universal and Hero Shaper or ProFile. The time lapses for instrumentation were measured and the used files were inspected for distortion. The pre- and post-instrumented root canals were scanned and superimposed to evaluate the aberrations and reduction of root canal curvature and change of radius of canal curvature. The increased canal width and apical centering ratio were calculated at 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 mm levels from apical foramen. Under the conditions of this study, the ProTaper Universal seems to have better shaping ability than ProTaper in terms of instrumented width and instrumentation time. It may be suggested that the ProTaper Universal system is efficient as much as hybrid instrumentation using ProTaper and other constant-tapered NiTi file systems in highly experienced operators.
Dental Pulp Cavity ; Radius ; Tooth Apex ; Transportation ; Two-Hybrid System Techniques