BACKGROUND: During a 1-month period in 2005 , a series of 4 Leclercia adecarboxylata and 8 Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteremias were reported from patients admitted to the emergency room. METHODS: An outbreak of L. adecarboxylata and P. aeruginosa bacteremia that occurred from February to March 2005 was investigated. The infection control nurse reviewed medical records and observed the procedures of blood cultures at the clinical microbiology laboratory. Specimens were obtained for investigational cultures from alcohol sponge, tray, sink, water of sink, saline cotton, microscope, computer, and telephone. RESULTS: L. adecarboxylata was isolated from 4 patients and P. aeruginosa from 8 patients during a 1-month period. Observation of the culture procedure revealed that saline cotton was used to prevent betadin skin discoloration. The culture of the saline solution yielded a heavy growth of P. aeruginosa, which was not isolated from any other specimens. CONCLUSIONS: This was a pseudoepidemic caused by contaminated saline cotton. The use of the saline cotton was stopped, and during the follow-up period of 3 months, no additional L. adecarboxylata or P. aeruginosa bacteremia were reported.
Bacteremia ; Emergency Service, Hospital ; Enterobacteriaceae* ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Infection Control ; Medical Records ; Porifera ; Pseudomonas aeruginosa ; Skin ; Sodium Chloride ; Telephone ; Water

BACKGROUND AND OBJECT: Immunostimulatory CpG-oligodeoxynucleotides (ISS CpG-ODN) up-regulate the TH1-type immune response and down-regulate the TH2-type response. This study was performed to investigate the immune response changes resulting from ISS CpG-ODN on bronchial hyperrestponsiveness, eosinophilic inflammation and mucus hypersecretion in rat asthma. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 10 normal controls(NC) and 26 asthmatic rats, which were generated by ovallbumin(OVA) sensitization and challenge, were studied. The asthmatic rats were randomized into 11 asthma controls(AC) and 15 in the asthma-CpG treatment group(CpG). The CpG group was administered ISS CpG-ODN intramuscularly and the AC group was administered a placebo(0.9% NaCl)on day 15 and 20. After CpG-ODN or placebo administration, we measured the IFN-(TH1-type cytokine) and IL-4(TH2-type cytokine) levels in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid(BALF), the specific airway resistance(sRaw), eosinophilic fraction in BALF, eosinophilic infiltration, goblet cell dysplasia and MUC5AC gene expression in the lung tissue. RESULTS: In the BALF of the CpG group, the IFN-γ concentration was significantly high and the IL-4 concentration was significantly low when compared with the AC group. Both the sRaw and eosinophilic fraction, and infiltration into the BALF and lung tissue significantly lower in the CpG group when compared with the AC group. However, little difference in goblet cell dysplasia and MUC5Ac gene expression was observed between the CpG group and the Ac group. CONCLUSION: ISS CpG-ODN decreases bronchial hyperresponsiveness and eosinophilic inflammation in the rat asthma model through the up-regulation of the TH1-type immune response with the down-regulation of the TH2-type response. However, the effect of these immune response changes on mucus hypersecretion was is not remarkable in this study.
Animals ; Asthma* ; Bronchoalveolar Lavage ; Down-Regulation ; Eosinophils ; Gene Expression ; Goblet Cells ; Inflammation ; Interleukin-4 ; Lung ; Mucus ; Rats* ; Up-Regulation

The Reconstructive techniques of palatal defect are palatal island flap, palatal mucoperiosteal expansion, buccal flap, tongue flap, pushback palatoplasty, free flap and so on. We report a reconstruction of palatal defect using palatal flap. Excellent results were obtained by palatal connective tissue island flap and split thickness pedicle flap. Healing of defect occured rapidly. There were no postoperative complications except dull pain.
Connective Tissue ; Free Tissue Flaps ; Postoperative Complications ; Tongue

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to find the predictors for successful arthrocentesis for anterior disc displacement without reduction(ADD without Reduction) of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ). PATIENTS AND METHODS: Arthrocentesis and lavage was carried out in 25TMJs of 22patients whose MRI findings were all anterior disc displacement without reduction. The effectiveness of the treatment was evaluated in terms of the postoperative range of maximal mouth opening (MMO) and the degree of postoperative pain score. Predectors which was analyzed were age, duration of painful locking, MMO, the degree of pain, perioperative clicking and the amounts of irrigation fluid. RESULTS: 18cases (72%) was included to criteria for success. There were no significant differences in age, duration of locking, MMO and the degree of pain statistically. But In 15cases(83%) of successful cases, amouts of irrigated solution recovered to normal MMO were less than 150ml. And In 8cases (44%) of successful cases, perioperative clicking was appeared. CONCULSION: Amounts of irrigated solution recovered to normal MMO and the appeareance of perioperative clkicking may be predictors of the successful results of arthrocenetesis of ADD without reduction of TMJ.
Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Mouth ; Pain, Postoperative ; Temporomandibular Joint Disorders* ; Temporomandibular Joint* ; Therapeutic Irrigation*

Actinomycosis is an indolent infectious disease characterized by pyogenic response and necrosis, followed by intense fibrosis. The main forms of human actinomycosis are cervicofacial, pulmonary, and abdominopelvic type. Pulmonary actinomycosis accounts for 15% to 20% of total cases and unfortunately, clinical manifestations and radiologic findings are nonspecific. Small pleural effusion or empyema may develop in advanced disease but massive empyema is infrequent and rarely reported. We report a case of huge empyema caused by pulmonary actinomycosis in a 55 year-old man, presented with one-month history of productive cough and fever. The CT scan revealed a huge cavity with air-fluid level occupying the left hemithorax. Empyema caused by actinomycosis was confirmed microscopically by demonstration of sulfur granules in empyema sac through thracotomy. Decortication and surgical resection of empyema sac and destructed lung was accomplished and followed by intravenous infusion of penicillin G.
Actinomycosis* ; Communicable Diseases ; Cough ; Empyema* ; Fever ; Fibrosis ; Humans ; Infusions, Intravenous ; Lung ; Middle Aged ; Necrosis ; Penicillin G ; Pleural Effusion ; Sulfur ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Multiple pulmonary nodules were found in a 71-year-old Korean female patient with cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma during diagnostic work-up. A presumptive diagnosis of metastases was made and percutaneous fine needle aspiration cytology was undertaken. Finally, pathological examination of the tissue revealed granulomatous inflammation with cryptococcal infection. The patient received 6 months of antifungal treatment with fluconazole and her chest radiographic findings were improved after the treatment. She is now under clinical follow-up. Recognition that pulmonary cryptococcal infection can mimic metastasis is important in reaching the correct diagnosis and in determining the correct treatment.
Aged ; Biopsy, Fine-Needle ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell* ; Cryptococcosis* ; Cryptococcus ; Diagnosis ; Female ; Fluconazole ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Inflammation ; Multiple Pulmonary Nodules ; Neoplasm Metastasis* ; Radiography, Thoracic

PURPOSE: The purpose of this paper is to identify the forkhead transcription factor gene (FOXL2) mutations in Korean patients with blepharophimosis-ptosis-epicanthus inversus syndrome (BPES). METHODS: We have analyzed the mutations of FOXL2 gene in genomic DNAs extracted from 16 BPES patients and their families by PCR, PCR-SSCP, and sequencing. RESULTS: No deletion in exon 1 to 3 of the FOXL2 gene was observed by PCR. The PCR products were subjected to SSCP analysis and 9 patients showed SSCP shifts. The PCR products showing SSCP shifts were subcloned into plasmid vectors and sequenced to confirm the FOXL2 mutation. In total, 7 mutations (1 nonsense mutation, 1 deletion, and 5 duplications) in exon 2 were identified. CONCLUSIONS: The FOXL2 gene mutations were identified in the Korean BPES patients. Some of the mutations were previously reported and some were new mutations. This study will contribute to the molecular analysis and clinical counseling of BPES patients.
Codon, Nonsense ; Counseling ; DNA ; Exons ; Humans ; Plasmids ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Polymorphism, Single-Stranded Conformational ; Transcription Factors

OBJECTIVES: Receiving proper dental care plays a significant role in maintaining good oral health. We investigated the relationship between regional deprivation and dental care utilization. METHODS: Multilevel logistic regression was used to identify the relationship between the regional deprivation level and dental care utilization purpose, adjusting for individual-level variables, in adults aged 19+ in the 2008 Korean Community Health Survey (n=220 258). RESULTS: Among Korean adults, 12.8% used dental care to undergo examination and 21.0% visited a dentist for other reasons. In the final model, regional deprivation level was associated with significant variations in dental care utilization for examination (p<0.001). However, this relationship was not shown with dental care utilization for other reasons in the final model. CONCLUSIONS: This study's findings suggest that policy interventions should be considered to reduce regional variations in rates of dental care utilization for examination.
Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Demography ; Dental Care/*utilization ; Female ; Health Services Needs and Demand ; Humans ; Logistic Models ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Residence Characteristics ; Socioeconomic Factors ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Young Adult

Human periodontal ligament fibroblasts (hPDLF) are very important for curing the periodontal tissue because they can be differentiated into various cells. A tissue engineering approach using a cell-scaffold is essential for comprehending today's periodontal tissue regeneration procedure. This study examined the possibility of using an acellular dermal matrix as a scaffold for human periodontal ligament fibroblast (hPDLF). The hPDLF was isolated from the middle third of the root of periodontally healthy teeth extracted for orthodontic reasons. The cells were cultured in a medium containing Dulbecco's modified Eagle medium supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum at 37degrees C in humidified air with 5% CO2. The acellular dermal matrix(ADM) was provided by the US tissue banks(USA). Second passage cells were used in this study. The hPDLF cells were cultured with the acellular dermal matrix for 2 days, and the dermal matrix cultured by the hPDLF was transferred to a new petri dish and used as the experimental group. The control group was cultured without the acellular dermal matrix. The control and experimental cells were cultured for six weeks. The hPDLF cultured on the acellular dermal matrix was observed by Transmission Electron microscopy (TEM). Electron micrography shows that the hPDLF was proliferated on the acellular dermal matrix. This study suggests that the acellular dermal matrix can be used as a scaffold for hPDLF.
Acellular Dermis ; Eagles ; Fibroblasts ; Humans ; Microscopy, Electron, Transmission ; Periodontal Ligament ; Regeneration ; Tissue Engineering* ; Tooth

Placenta accreta is a rare complication of pregnancy with high rates of maternal morbidity and mortality.It is usually discovered when removal of the placenta after delivery is difficult or there is substantial postpartum bleeding.Placenta accreta can be complicated by disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) and this increases maternal morbidity and mortality.DIC is characterized by the widespread activation of coagulation, which results in the intravascular formation of fibrin and ultimately thrombotic occlusion of small and midsize vessel.We report a 24-year-old woman with DIC, who developed severe pre- and intraoperative bleeding and massive transfusion during emergent cesarean section.
Dacarbazine ; Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation ; Female ; Fibrin ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Placenta ; Placenta Accreta ; Postpartum Period ; Pregnancy ; Young Adult