PURPOSE: Corneal bee sting is a relatively rare injury. The authors report the significant endothelial changes despite complete resolution of corneal injury after a corneal bee sting. CASE SUMMARY: Two males, ages 55 and 30, presented to our clinic for unilateral decreased visual acuity and eyeball pain after bee sting injuries. At the first visit, localized corneal stromal edema and epithelial defect were detected. One week after medical treatments, both patients achieved restoration of vision and resolution of corneal injury. In one patient, specular microscopy of the traumatized eye at one and five months showed a significant decrease in endothelial densities as compared with the contralateral eye. CONCLUSIONS: Corneal bee sting may cause significant endothelial changes despite complete resolution of clinical symptoms and injury. Specular microscopy should be considered in future intraocular surgeries.
Bees ; Bites and Stings ; Cornea ; Edema ; Endothelial Cells ; Eye ; Humans ; Male ; Microscopy ; Vision, Ocular ; Visual Acuity

Because the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th edition (DSM-IV) was mainly influenced by the neo-Kraepelinian approach, its categorical approach to defining mental disorders has been criticized from the viewpoint of etiological neutrality. In the context of bridging the gap between “presumed etiologies-based symptomatology” and “identifiable pathophysiological etiologies,” the content in 5th edition, the DSM-5, has been revised to incorporate a combination of categorical and dimensional approaches. The most remarkable change of note regarding the diagnostic classification of depressive disorders in the DSM-5 is the splitting of mood disorders into bipolar disorders and depressive disorders, which is in accordance with the deconstruction of the Kraepelinian dualism for psychoses. The transdiagnostic specifiers “with mixed features,” “with psychotic features,” and “with anxious distress” are introduced to describe the relationships of depressive disorders with bipolar disorders, schizophrenia, and generalized anxiety disorder, respectively, in a dimensional manner. The lowering of the diagnostic threshold for major depressive disorder (MDD) may be caused by the addition of “hopelessness” to the subjective descriptors of depressive mood and the elimination of “bereavement exclusion” from the definition of MDD. Since the heterogeneity of MDD is equivalent to the Wittgensteinian “games” analogy, the different types of MDD are related not by a single essential feature but rather by “family resemblance.” Network analyses of MDD symptoms may therefore need further review to elucidate the connections among interrelated symptoms and other clinical elements.
Anxiety Disorders ; Bipolar Disorder ; Classification ; Depressive Disorder ; Depressive Disorder, Major ; Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders ; Mental Disorders ; Mood Disorders ; Population Characteristics ; Psychotic Disorders ; Schizophrenia ; Subject Headings

No abstract available.
Depressive Disorder

No abstract available.
Decompression* ; Facial Nerve* ; Recovery of Function*

Condyloma acuminatum, a benign disease caused by a filtrable virus, occurs predominantly in the perianal andgenital areas. The lesions are noninvasive but are subject to recurrence. In rare instances, a more aggresive formof this disease, known as "giant condlyloma acuminatum" or "Buschke-Lownestein tumor", occures. In this form,infiltration of the lesion into surrounding structures takes place. This tumor has been reported to occurprincipally in the genitourinary tract. The authors experienced a cases of giant condyloma acuminatum originatingfrom rectum in 67 years old male patient which recurred 3 months after electrofulguration.
Buschke-Lowenstein Tumor ; Humans ; Male ; Rectum ; Recurrence

Congenital tuberculosis is an infection that is established in the fetus by hematogenous spread or by the aspiration or inhalation of infected amniotic fluid either before or during labor. The diagnosis can be confirmed only if both the tuberculous nature of the lesion and the antenatal origin of the infection can be proved. The authors analysed roentgen findings of two cases of pulmonary tuberculosis, thought to be congenital; 1. Diffuse distribution of nodular densities and some confluent densities were seen in the entire lungs in the inital film.The pulmonary markings were decreased in some degree. 2. Air bronchogram was noted. 3. Hepatosplenomegaly was associated.
Amniotic Fluid ; Diagnosis ; Female ; Fetus ; Inhalation ; Lung ; Tuberculosis ; Tuberculosis, Pulmonary

Eight 2-day-old SPF chickens were each inoculated orally with a single dose of 5+O105 oocysts of Cryptosporidium baileyi, and immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibody responses were chronologically measured by indirect immunofluorescent antibody (IFA) assay. Anti-C. baileyi IgG antibody levels remained high(1:106.67 to 1:512.00) for at least 4 months with 330 days of a detectable period. Ten days after the negative conversion, each chicken was re-challenged with 1+O107 oocysts of the same species. Subsequent infection in 340-day-old individuals caused sudden elevated IgG antibody levels and the titer peaked on day 28 postchallenge inoculation(PCI), at 1:1,024 with a 65 days of detection period. Chickens in primary infection showed oocyst shedding profiles, but did not exhibit any oocyst shedding before or after experimental reinfection.
parasitology-protozoa ; Cryptosporidium baileyi ; chicken ; IgG ; immunology

BACKGROUND: For resection of esophageal cancer, esophagogastrostomy caused serous multiple complications such as leakage of anastomosis site, stenosis, recurrence of cancer, etc. Especially, accoding to the anastomosis site of esophagogastrostomy, patients in post operation state was felt various subjective symptom, multiple complications and longer hospital periods, etc. Therefore, there was a demand for comparison and analysis of complication between cervical and thoracic esophagogastrostomy. MATERIAL AND METHOD: From January 1995 to May 1999, 55patients with esophageal cancer underwent cervical esophagogastrostomy(23patients) or thoracic esophagogastrostomy(32patients). Cancer was grouped according to the postoperative staging(I--5pt, II--27pt, III--23pt) by the AJCC classification and location: upper thoracic(3pt), middle(34pt) and lower(18pt). Cancer was mostly squamous cell carcinoma except 2 adenocarcinoma. Fifty five patients were male with average age of 59 years for cervical anastomosis and 55 years for thoracic anastomosis. The staple anastomosis was done in one cervical anastomosis patient and 23 thoracic anastomosis patients. RESULT: There was one mortality from cervical anastomosis and two from thoracic anastomosis. Fourty six complications(respiratory and digestive system, etc..) occurred in 15cervical anastomosis patients and 37 complication in 13thoracic anastomosis patients. In 23cervical esophagogastrostomy patients, 11patients had moderate to severe dysphagea during swallowing. However, only 2thoracic anastomosis patients experienced this dysphagea. The postoperative hospital stay was above 20days in 18 cervical anastomosis patients, and in 13thoracic anastomosis patients. CONCLUSION: Among esophageal tumor cases, respiratory, digestive, infection and other complications did occur after esophagogastric anastomosis. Particularly, mortality rate secondary to respiratory complication was high. Anastomotic leakage was more frequent in manual anastomosis than in staple anastomosis, and was also seen more frequently among cervical anastomosis than among thoracic anastomosis. In the cases of cervical anastomosis, the patients complained more of dysphagea while their hospital stays were significantly long.
Acyclovir* ; Adenocarcinoma ; Anastomotic Leak ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; Classification ; Constriction, Pathologic ; Deglutition ; Digestive System ; Esophageal Neoplasms* ; Humans ; Length of Stay ; Male ; Mortality ; Postoperative Complications ; Recurrence

To conceptualize a novel bio-psychosocial-behavioral treatment model of panic disorder (PD), it is necessary to completely integrate behavioral, psychophysiological, neurobiological, and genetic data. Molecular genetic research on PD is specifically focused on neurotransmitters, including serotonin, neuropeptides, glucocorticoids, and neurotrophins. Although pharmacological interventions for PD are currently available, the need for more effective, faster-acting, and more tolerable pharmacological interventions is unmet. Thus, glutamatergic receptor modulators, orexin receptor antagonists, corticotrophin-releasing factor 1 receptor antagonists, and other novel mechanism-based anti-panic therapeutics have been proposed. Research on the neural correlates of PD is focused on the dysfunctional “cross-talk” between emotional drive (limbic structure) and cognitive inhibition (prefrontal cortex) and the fear circuit, which includes the amygdala-hippocampus-prefrontal axis. The neural perspective regarding PD supports the idea that cognitive-behavioral therapy normalizes alterations in top-down cognitive processing, including increased threat expectancy and attention to threat. Consistent with the concept of “personalized medicine,” it is speculated that Research Domain Criteria can enlighten further treatments targeting dysfunctions underlying PD more precisely and provide us with better definitions of moderators used to identify subgroups according to different responses to treatment. Structuring of the “negative valence systems” domain, which includes fear/anxiety, is required to define PD. Therefore, targeting glutamate- and orexin-related molecular mechanisms associated with the fear circuit, which includes the amygdala-hippocampus-prefrontal cortex axis, is required to define a novel bio-psychosocial-behavioral treatment model of PD.
Glucocorticoids ; Molecular Biology ; Nerve Growth Factors ; Neuropeptides ; Neurotransmitter Agents ; Orexin Receptor Antagonists ; Panic Disorder ; Panic ; Serotonin

To date, only one case of peritonitis with exit site infection in peritoneal dialysis caused by this micro- organism has been reported. In spite of its apparently benign clinical course, which distinguished it from peritonitis caused by Pseudomonas, this peritonitis relapsed and Comamonas could not be eliminated from the peritoneal liquid, probably due to the persistence of the micro-organism in the exit site. Consequently, peritoneal catheter was removed. In this case, a 68-year-old man was admitted with fever, abdominal tenderness and cloudy peritoneal effluent and empirically treated with antibiotics(cefazolin, tobramycin), intraperitoneally(IP) for 7 days. The first culture was positive for Comamonas acidovorans, sensitive to ceftazidime, cefotetan, ceftriaxone, ciprofloxaxin and imipenem and the perotoneal effluent remained cloudy after 7 days. He was treated with ceftazidime IP, oral ciprofloxacin and nystatin for 26 days. 4 days after the antibiotics treatment, the patient was asymptomatic and the cell count of peritoneal effluent was 50 WBC/mm3 with negative culture. 25 days after the treatment, the patient remained asymptomatic and with 5 WBC/mm3 in peritoneal effluent. Consequently, We experienced a case of peritonitis due to Comamonas acidovorans in a patient on CAPD without exit site infection and managed with preservation of the catheter.
Aged ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Catheters* ; Cefotetan ; Ceftazidime ; Ceftriaxone ; Cell Count ; Ciprofloxacin ; Comamonas* ; Delftia acidovorans* ; Fever ; Humans ; Imipenem ; Nystatin ; Peritoneal Dialysis ; Peritoneal Dialysis, Continuous Ambulatory* ; Peritonitis* ; Pseudomonas