Survival after acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is related to the number of diseased vessel, ejection fraction, extent of residual ischemic tissue, presence of ventricular arrhythmia. Because a variety of revascularization modalities are tried in recent years, the natural course after AMI seems to become difficult ot assess. From the experience of 129 cases of coronary angiography in AMI from Jan 1984 to Apr 1987, the factors related to invasive modality were analysed to evaluate the effect on the survival after AMI. The following results are obtained. 1) Single vessel disease and insignificant lesion were present in 60%, and multivessel disease comprised 40% in all group. 2) Patients were followed for a mean of 16.3 months and 2 cases(1.6%) expired suddenly and reinfarction developed in 6 cases(4.7%). 3) After exclusion of 4 cases taken CABG operation, the event free survival of all patients was 0.98, 0.90, 0.78, 0.78, 0.78 in double vessel disease, 0.94, 0.87, 0.87, 0.77, 0.51 in triple vessel disease. The survival was better in single vessel disease compared to multivessel disease (p<0.05), but no difference was present between double and triple vessel disease. 5) Event free survival in group with left ventricular end diastolic pressure(LVEDP) >16mm Hg was better than that of a group with LVEDP <16mm Hg. But no difference was present between group with ejection fraction <40% and group with ejection fraction >40%. From the above results, it can be concluded that the event free survival after mainly uncomplicated AMI in Koreans depends on the number of diseased vessel and LVEDP.
Arrhythmias, Cardiac ; Coronary Angiography ; Disease-Free Survival* ; Humans ; Myocardial Infarction*

PURPOSE: To evaluate safe access route and success rate of percutaneous drainage of pelvic fluid collection. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The 35 percutaneous drainages of pelvic fluid collection under the CT and fiuorosocpic guidance were done in 32 patients. The anterior transabdominal approach was done in 20 patients, while the nine patients used the transgluteal approach through greater sciatic foramen. Three patients , who had septated or noncommunicating abscesses, underwent drainage using both approaches. The catheter was removed when the patient's symptom and laboratory data were improved or the amount of drainage and the size of fluid collection were markedly reduced. Success, partial success and failure were classified. RESULT: The causes of fluid collection were complication of intraabdominal operation in 27 patient. The diagnosis after drainage included abscess(21), Ioculated ascites(6), and hematoma(4). The 27 cases(30 procedure) were treated successfully and the mean duration of catheter insertion was 10 days. The partial successes were two cases(2 procedures), which had palliative purpose. Three cases(3 procedures) were failed, which were multiple Ioculated ascites of pancreatic origin(2) and recurrent abscess(I). The significant complication during the procedure or drainage was not noted. CONCLUSION: The percutaneous drainage .under CT and fluoroscopy was effective technique for the management of pelvic. fluid collection, using anterior transperitoneal and transgluteal route through greater sciatic foramen.
Abscess ; Ascites ; Catheters ; Diagnosis ; Drainage* ; Fluoroscopy ; Humans

A method for exact evaluation of ligament integrity of the knee joint would be of clinical importance from the diagnostic point of view as well as from the desire to introduce objective measurement of stability either pre-and postoperatively, or before and after conservative treatment. Assessment of the posterior cruciate injury has been considered by numerous authors over the past decades. Even stress machine, such as Gonylaxometer, knee ligament arthrometer(KT-l000) and Genucome, have many problems such as soft tissue error, expansiveness and low popularity. Generally, orthopedic surgeons use passive tests, in which the displacing force is applied externally, to evaluate the integrity of the ligaments of the knee. Posterior tibial displacement of knee was measured at quadriceps neutral angle using a specially designed frame which minimized the rotational error to negate the quadriceps pulling effect. Posterior displacement of both sides of knee was measured in 15 patients who had posterior cruciate ligament injury and 40 adults who had normal knee. The following results were obtained. l. In the normal knee, the mean score of posterior tibial displacement was 3.0875mm in left, 2.8125mm in right each other and there was a mean of 1.05mm posterior displacement of tibia compared to the contralateral knee(range: 0–2.5mm). 2. More than 6mm displacement of lateral femoral condyle compared to the uninjured knee suggested posterior cruciate ligament injury. 3. This radiological measurement seems very efficient in detecting the posterior cruciate ligament instability of knee because of its simplicity, inexpensiveness and easy reproducibility with minimal error.
Adult ; Humans ; Knee ; Knee Joint ; Ligaments ; Methods ; Orthopedics ; Posterior Cruciate Ligament ; Surgeons ; Tibia

No abstract available.

BACKGROUND: Patients with locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer are often treated with radiation alone or in combination with chemotherapy. Both modalities have a potentially damaging effect on pulmonary function. In order to examine changes in the cardiopulmonary exercise function of patients with locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer before and after conventional radiotherapy, we conducted a prospective study involving patients with such cancer, that had received radiation therapy. METHODS: Resting pulmonary function test, thoracic radiographic finding and cardiopulmonary exercise test(CPET) were assessed prior to and 4 weeks following radiation therapy in 11 male patients with locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer. Patient with endobronchial mass were excluded. RESULTS: The forces vital capacity(FVC), forced expiratory volume in 1 second(FEV1)and maximal voluntary ventilation(MVV) did not decreased between before and 4 weeks after radiation but the diffusing capacity(DLCO) had decreased by 11% 4 weeks after radiation, which was not statistically significant. No changes in maximal oxygen consumption(VO2max), carbon dioxide production(VCO2), exercise time and work load were attributed to radiation therapy. Follow up cardiopulmonary exercise testing revealed unchanged cardiovascular function, ventilatory function and gas exchange. No difference in cardiopulmonary exercise test performance was observed between pre- and post-radiation. CONCLUSION: Cardiopulmonary exercise function did not decrease within the short-term after the radiation of patients with locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer.
Carbon Dioxide ; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung* ; Drug Therapy ; Exercise Test ; Follow-Up Studies ; Forced Expiratory Volume ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms ; Male ; Oxygen ; Prospective Studies ; Radiotherapy ; Respiratory Function Tests

BACKGROUND: Spontaneous echo contrast(SEC) is known to predict the increased incidence of thromboembolism in a variety of heart diseases. Transesophageal echocardiography can be useful for the detection of SEC due to proximity of the probe to the left atrium. We performed this study (1) to evaluate the incidence of SEC in mitral stenosis and its relation to the past history of thromboembolism and (2) to characterize the echocardiographic and hemodynamic indices in patients with SEC compared with those without SEC. METHODS: Transesophageal and thransthoracic echocardiographies were done in 89 patients with mitral stenosis. Biplane probe was used in transesophageal echocardiography. In 47patients cardiac catheterization and angiography were performed. RESULTS: (1) SEC was found in 56 out of 89 patients(63%), and left atrial thrombus was found in 32 patients. (2) Left atrial dimension was larger in patients with SEC than in patients without SEC(57.3%+/-8.4mm vs 49.3+/-6.8mm, p<0.05) and mitrial valve area was smaller in patients with SEC than in patients without SEC(0.85+/-0.27cm2 vs 0.97+/-0.24cm2) (3) Association of SEC to thrombi or previous history of arterial embolism showed a high sensitivity and negative predictive value. CONCLUSION: SEC was an useful finding to predict the increased risk of thromboembolism in patients with mitral stenosis. Patients with SEC had severe mitral stenosis than patients without SEC.
Angiography ; Cardiac Catheterization ; Cardiac Catheters ; Echocardiography ; Echocardiography, Transesophageal* ; Embolism ; Heart Atria ; Heart Diseases ; Hemodynamics ; Humans ; Incidence ; Mitral Valve Stenosis ; Thromboembolism ; Thrombosis

No abstract available.
Humans ; Lymphocytes* ; Radiotherapy*

BACKGROUND: With the increase of cigarette consumption by women and the young, the incidence of lung cancer is expected to increase during the next three or four decades in Korea. The purpose of this study was to analyze the smoking habits in patients with lung cancer and to identify the gender differences in terms of their susceptibility to cigarette related carcinogens. METHODS: This investigation was a hospital-based case control study, which included the data of 178 case subjects(72 females, 106 males) with lung cancer and 218 control subjects(97 females, 121 males) with diseases unrelated to smoking. The information was obtained through a direct personal interview and a questionnaire related to personal smoking history. RESULTS: The relative frequency of the squamous cell carcinoma was substantially higher in males than in females(61.3% in males, and 29.2% in females), while adenocarcinoma including bronchoalveolar cell carcinoma was higher in females(31.9% in females, 18.9% in males). Keryberg Ilung cancer was of relatively higher frequencies in males and smokers. while Kreyberg IIlung cancer was higher in females and never smokers. The odds ratios(ORs) at each exposure level were consistently higher in females than males. For all cell types, the risk of lung cancer was increased with the quantity of smoked cigarettes, duration of smoking, and depth of inhalation. Odds ratio was distinctly higher in Kreyberg Ilung cancer than in total lung cancer and a steeper gradient of risk with increased smoking was observed in females. CONCLUSION: The ralative risk for lung cancer was consistently higher in females than in males at every level of exposure to cigarette smoke. This is believed to be due to the higher susceptibility of females to tabacco carcinogens, such as gender associated differences of carcinogen activation and/or the elimination of smoking related metabolites.
Adenocarcinoma ; Carcinogens ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; Case-Control Studies ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence ; Inhalation ; Korea ; Lung Neoplasms* ; Lung* ; Male ; Odds Ratio ; Smoke* ; Smoking* ; Tobacco Products

No abstract available.
Craniocerebral Trauma* ; Head*

No abstract available.
Nephrosis, Lipoid* ; Proteinuria*