Objective The research on the standardization of TCM disease names is the basis of mining and sorting out the essence of ancient TCM books,which has important value for promoting the academic innovation of TCM.Methods This study took the names of pediatric diseases in traditional Chinese medicine as an example,and on the basis of collecting and sorting out ancient books,put forward the research principles and methods for the standardization of pediatric disease names in ancient books,aiming at the problems such as the mixed use of diseases,syndrome types and symptoms,polysemy,and the misuse and mixture of variant and traditional characters.The research starts with the establishment of the system framework of the disease to standardize the classification of the disease names,differentiation and analysis of the connotation of disease names,the determination of the preferred term of the disease names,and the determination of the relationship between the upper and lower positions of the disease names.Results A total of 784 pediatric disease names were sorted out from 11 ancient books,and 174 preferred terms were determined after normalization.Conclusion This study puts forward the basic ideas of the standardized research methods of disease names in ancient Chinese medicine books.And it will make the beneficial discussion on the standardized diagnosis and treatment of TCM pediatrics,the improvement of academic level,and the unified establishment of the standardized terminology system of TCM disease names.