Objective In this study ,we constructed a series of recombinant plasmids carriers expressing shRNA targeting hTERT and Bi‐1 gene .These recombinant plasmids carriers were transfected into CNE‐2Z cell lines using Lip and continuously in‐duced the expression of shRNAs .Furthermore ,the shRNAs caused the degradation of mRNAs homologous in sequence with the target genes ,which lead to a sequence‐specific gene silencing .Methods The CNE‐2Z cells was divided into untreated group ,pEG‐FP‐N1 group and pEGFP‐N1/Lip group .Flow cytometry(FCM ) was applied to determine the transfection efficiency .The changes of hTERT and Bi‐1 gene expression were detected by Real‐time RT‐PCR and Western blotting .Results The best transfection effi‐ciency between plasmid and Lip was 2 .5 μg plasmid and 6 .25μL Lip .Conclusion We constructed several shRNA recombinant eu‐karyotic expression plasmids successfully .The recombinant plasmid can inhibit the expression of hTERT and Bi‐1 gene specifically and effectively .

Objective To investigate the results of tumor specific growth factor(TSGF) levels in in healthy people and cancer patients in Guangzhou areas .Methods The serum TSGF levels of 6 615 health check-up receivers and 287 patients with cancer in the hospital from July 2012 to June 2013 were detected .Results In health check-up receivers ,the level and positive rate of TSGF were higher in >40-50 age women .The level and positive rate of TSGF in men were increased with age .The levels of TSGF in pa-tients with lung cancer ,liver cancer and digestive system tumor were higher than that in health check-up receivers(P<0 .01) ,but there has no statistically difference between genital system cancer patients and healthy check-up receivers(P>0 .05) .Conclusion Performing TSGF test in health examination is great significance to the early diagnosis of malignant tumors .The reference value range of TSGF should be set according to different gender and age .

Objective To discuss the clinical significance of serum neutrophil gelatinase associated lipocalin(NGAL)detection in the diagnosis of contrast induced nephropathy .Methods A total of 299 inpatients with contrast medium in department of inten‐sive care unit(ICU) ,department of cardiovascular disease ,department of urology from Guangdong Province Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine were enrolled ,and the fasting blood glucose and lipids were detected .Sera were collected before examination of contrast medium and 1 ,2 and 6 d after examination of contrast medium respectively .Serum creatinine(SCr)and cystatin C(CysC) were detected ,the concentration of NGAL was determined .CIN was defined as of increased by 44 μmol/L or 25% from baseline in SCr within 24-48 h .The NGAL detection variation tendency was analyzed in different time point .Results In 299 cases ,CIN oc‐curred in 28 patients ,the incidence rate was 9 .36% .The diabetes patients in the incidence of CIN was 16 .21% (12/74) ,no inci‐dence of diabetic patients was 7 .11% (16/225) .When compared with that of before contrast ,CIN in serum of patients with Cr and CysC coronary angiography in 2 d significantly increased after contrast medium ,returned to the level before angiography on 6 d .But the serum NGAL in angiography 1 d after it was significantly increased (P<0 .05) ,statistically significant differences compared with pre contrast ,and was still at a high level on sixth day .Conclusion Prediction of CIN level of serum NGAL in contrast after 1 d could be a good predictor for CIN ,and the prediction time is earlier than the serum levels of Cr and CysC .The level of serum NGAL can be used for early diagnosis of CIN .

Objective To study the change characteristics of erythrocyte parameters in carriers of deletional alpha-thalassemia gene.Methods 389 patients with deletional alpha-thalassemia gene determined by the gap-PCR technique were classified into three groups based on different genotypes of alpha-thalassemia including silent thalassemia group,alpha-thalassemia trait group (265 ca-ses)and intermediate thalassemia group,and contemporaneous 188 healthy adults were randomly selected as the normal control-group(NC).The erythrocyte parameters including RBC,Hb,MCV,MCH,RDW were retrospectively analyzed and their differences were compared among aboved-mentioned groups by the analysis of variance and the multiple comparison.Results Alpha-thalasse-mia manifested by different degrees of microcyte hypochromia.There were statistically significant differences in the erythrocyte pa-rameters among various genotypes and phenotypes about erythrocyte indices(P <0.05).Moreover,the Hb,MCV and MCH values were lower than those in the control group,and had the decreasing tendency with the increase of deletedα-globin gene numbers;but the RDW value was higher than that in the control group,showing the increasing tendency,the differences had statistical siginifi-cance(P <0.05).Conclusion With the increase of deleted α-globin gene number,the characteristic of small-cell low-hemoglobin is more and more remarkable.RBC has a overall increase,while Hb,MCV and MCH have a decreasing tendency,and the heterogeneity of erythrocyte volume is increased.When MCV and MCH decreasing in high risk region,thalassemia should be highly suspected, but normal MCV and MCH can not exclude silent thalassemia and alpha-thalassemia trait.

Objective To explore the influence of delivery mode and feeding pattern on cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection on infants born ≥ 32 gestational weeks,and to observe the outcomes after CMV infection.Methods In this retrospective study,378 pregnant women with positive CMV IgG and negative CMV IgM,and their offsprings (384 cases,including six pairs of twins),who got visited at five hospitals of our collaboration group during March 2013 and February 2016,were enrolled.Serum samples were retrieved from a previous study of these participants for CMV IgM and IgG detection with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.All participants were divided into exclusive artificial feeding (EAF) and breastfeeding groups (BF),and the latter included exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) and mixed feeding (MF).T or Chi-square or Fisher's exact tests were performed for statistical analysis.Results (1) Among the 378 pregnant women,there were 186 mothers and 190 infants (4 pairs of twins) in BF group,and the other 192 mothers and 194 infants (2 pairs of twins) in EAF group.The percentage of male infants were 54.7％(104/186) and 56.2％(109/194) in the BF and EAF group,respectively.The mean birth age was (38.9± 1.4) and (38.7± 1.7) weeks,and the age at followingup was (9.8± 2.2) and (10.5± 2.9) months,respectively.(2) The CMV IgG positive rate of infants in BF group was higher than in the EAF group [62.6％(119/190) vs 29.9％ (58/194),x2=41.403,P＜0.001].CMV IgG levels in infants were higher than the mothers [(537.1 ±249.5) vs (416.2±241.2) U/ml,t=4.609,P＜0.001].In infants with positive CMV IgG,the positive rates of CMV IgM were similar in the two groups [21.0％(25/119) vs 19.0％ (11/58),x2=0.101,P=0.751].(3) The positive rate of CMV IgG in vaginally born infants was higher than those born by caesarean section [55.2 (95/172) vs 38.7％ (82/212),x2=10.472,P=0.001].Further analysis in the EAF group showed that those infants born vaginally had a higher positive rate ofCMV IgG than those born by caesarean section [42.9％ (33/77) vs 21.4％ (25/117),~=10.231,P=0.001],while this figure did not show statistical difference in the BF group.(4) Infants with positive or negative CMV IgG were in similar age and gender proportion,as well as their height and weight.Among 36 infants with both positive CMV IgG and IgM,three failed in alanine aminotransferase (ALT) test due to hemolysis.However,among the other 33 cases,15.1％ (five cases) presented with lightly elevated ALT (42-107.2 U/L),which was similar to those infants with positive CMV IgG and negative CMV IgM (14/98,14.3％) and those with both negative CMV IgG and IgM (20/144,13.9％),(x2=0.036,P=0.982).Conclusions Although breastfeeding and vaginal birth may increase CMV infection rate in neonates and infants,but no obviously adverse prognosis was reported in those born over 32 gestational weeks.So we should encourage vaginal birth and breastfeeding in these population.

Breast milk is the best food for infants. However, worrying about the transmission of pathogens to their offspring, mothers who have ongoing infections are usually hesitated on breastfeeding, or even unwillingly give up breastfeeding. This article summarized some basic knowledge and evidence on breastfeeding when maternal infections occur and emphasized that there is no risk of hepatitis virus transmission during breastfeeding. After taking appropriate measures, mothers with transmittable diseases through breastfeeding can still breastfeed their babies. This review provides reasonable medical advice on whether to breastfeed when maternal infection occurs in order to increase breastfeeding rate.

No abstract available.
Computational Biology ; Recurrence ; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms ; Urinary Bladder

Objective To explore the risk factors of post-hepatectomy acute kidney injury (AKI),a Nomogram predictive model of secondary AKI after hepatectomy was established which can provide guidance for the selection of clinically relevant treatment plans and improve the prognosis of surgical patients.Methods A total of 2769 patients who underwent hepatectomy in the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University from October 2012 to July 2018 were included in the study.The post-hepatectomy AKI was diagnosed according to the KDIGO AKI criteria in 2012.The selected patients were divided into AKI group (n=133) and non-AKI group (n=2636);they were divided into training group (n=2050) and test group (n=719) according to Enrollment time.The differences of preoperative clinical data,length of hospital stay,and in-hospital mortality between patients with AKI and non-AKI group were compared.The risk factors of post-hepatectomy AKI were evaluated by the Cox regression.A Nomogram predictive model of AKI after hepatectomy was established,and receiver operating curve (ROC) and consistency curve were used to verify the accuracy of the predictive model.Results The incidence of AKI after hepatectomy was 4.80％(133/2769).Compared with non-AKI group,preoperative serum albumin,hemoglobin,and hematocrit levels were lower in AKI group;the level of blood transaminase,total bilirubin,alkaline phosphatase,triglyceride,lactate dehydrogenase,and fibrinogen were higher (P ＜ 0.050);the proportion of preoperative aspirin application was higher (P ＜ 0.001);the duration of operation was longer (P=0.002);the proportion of open surgery was higher (P ＜ 0.001);the mortality rate was higher (P ＜ 0.050);the length of hospital stay was longer (P ＜ 0.050).Cox regression results showed hypertriglyceridemia,hypoalbuminemia,alkaline phosphatase,aspartate aminotransferase,open surgery,lower preoperative glomerular filtration rate,aspirin and duration of surgery were independent risk factors for AKI.We incorporated these indicators into the Nomogram to establish a predictive model for AKI after hepatectomy,the area under ROC curve was 0.764.The area under ROC curve of the test group was 0.781.Conclusion The Nomogram predicting model of AKI after hepatectomy has high accuracy,which is helpful for prognosis of patients who underwent hepatectomy.

OBJECTIVETo explore the correlation between pathological findings and mammographic features of microcalcification in calcified breast carcinoma without a mass.

METHODSThe morphology and distribution of the microcalcification lesions displayed by mammography were retrospectively analyzed in 108 cases of the calcified breast carcinoma without a mass in comparison with the pathological findings of the lesions.

RESULTSThe mammographic morphology or distribution of the microcalcification lesions did not differ significantly across different pathological types of calcified breast carcinoma without a mass (P>0.05). The microcalcification lesions showed no significant morphological difference between invasive and noninvasive breast carcinomas (P>0.05). Fine pleomorphic calcifications were frequently found in both invasive and noninvasive breast carcinomas, but fine linear and fine linear branching calcifications and mixed malignant calcifications were more common in invasive breast carcinoma. The distribution of the microcalcifications showed significantly different patterns between invasive and noninvasive breast carcinoma (P=0.006), characterized by segmental and cluttered distributions of the lesions, respectively.

CONCLUSIONThere is no specific mammographic features in correlation with the pathological types of microcalcification lesions in calcified breast carcinoma without a mass, but invasive and noninvasive calcified breast carcinomas have different mammographic features in the morphology and distribution of the microcalcifications to allow their preoperative differentiation.

Breast Neoplasms ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; Calcinosis ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; Female ; Humans ; Mammography ; methods ; Retrospective Studies

Objective To observe the expression of cysteine-rich protein 61 (Cyr61) in transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1)-activated renal fibroblasts (NRK-49F),and to explore its effect and mechanism.Methods (1) NRK-49F cells were activated by TGF-β1 with different concentrations (0.0,0.5,1.0,2.0,5.0 μg/L).Western blotting was used to detect the expression of Cyr61 protein,and CCK-8 assay was used to test the proliferative activity of NRK-49F cells.(2) NRK-49F cells with low expression and over expression of Cyr61 were established by plasmid transfection.The cells were divided into control group (null vector transfection),over-expression group and lowexpression group.The proliferation was discovered by CCK-8 assay after 24,48 and 72 h.Further,5.0 μg/L TGF-β1 activated these three groups.The proliferation was also discovered by CCK-8 assay and the cell cycle was analyzed by flow cytometry.The mRNA expressions of fibrosis markers (Collα1,Col3αl,MMP9,MMP13) and factors of cell senescence signal pathway (p53,p21,Rb,p16) were ascertained by real time PCR,and the protein expressions of Col3 and MMP9 were detected by Western blotting.Results (1) Compared with 0.0 μg/L TGF-β1 group,the proliferation of NRK-49F cells was enhanced in 0.5,1.0,2.0 and 5.0 μg/L TGF-β1 groups (all P ＜ 0.05),while the expression of Cyr61 protein was decreased in 1.0 μg/L group and increased in 5.0 μg/L group (all P ＜0.05).(2) The proliferation of over-expression group was lower than that of control group after 24,48and 72 h (all P＜ 0.05),which was in a time-dependent manner.(3) Compared with control group activated by TGF-β1,the over-expression group expressed less fibrosis factors (Col1α1 and Col3α1)and more anti-fibrosis factors (MMP9 and MMP13) with decreased proliferation (all P ＜ 0.05).Simultaneously,the proportion of cells bogged down in G1 phases,as well as the expressions of p53,p21 and Rb mRNA increased (all P ＜ 0.05).The above effects of low-expression group were just opposite to over-expression group.Moreover,there was no significant difference in the expression of p16 gene among the three groups (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions Cyr61 can curb the proliferation and fibrotic phenotypes of fibroblasts,thereafter slowing down the process of renal fibrosis.The p53/p21/Rb interrelated cell senescence signal pathway may be involved in the anti-fibrosis process.