Traditional tongue diagnosis is a vital basis of syndrome differentiation in TCM. The development of computer technology has opened up a new path to the tongue diagnosis modernization. The purpose of applying modernized tongue diagnosis into clinical research is for providing objective basis for diagnosis, TCM syndrome differentiation, evaluation of illness condition and efficacy evaluation. This article analyzed the application of modernized tongue diagnosis in clinical research in recent years, summarized the application status and existing problems of applying tongue color, texture, shape, indentation, sublingual veins, microcirculation, and spectrum analytical techniques into the clinical research, with a purpose to provide references for further research on modernized tongue diagnosis.

Objective To summarize the diagnosis and treatment of urological trauma.Methods One hundred and sixty-two patients with trauma of kidney,ureter,bladder or urethra were treated between March 2002 and March 2012.The diagnosis,treatment and outcome were analyzed.Results All patients were discharged with improved condition.Of 62 patients with renal injury,45 were treated with conservative approach,9 were treated with superselective arterial embolization,and 8 were treated with nephrectomy.All the 62 patients had normal renal function during the follow-up period of 3 to 24 months.Of 2 patients with ureteral injury,one was treated with cystoscopic ureteral catheterization,and another one with ureteric reimplantation.Neither of the 2 patients developed hydronephrosis during the one year follow-up period.All 6 patients with vesical injury were treated with open surgery,and they all had normal urinary function during the follow-up period of 6 to 12 months.Of 92 patients with urethral injury,6 were treated with urethral catheterization,18 with urethral realignment,35 with cystoscopic urethral realignment,4 with urethral repairment,and 29 with end-to-end anastomotic urethroplasty; 29 (32％) patients suffered from urethral stricture during the follow-up period of 6 to 24 months,and they underwent further treatment.Conclusions Urological trauma is quite frequent,and early diagnosis and treatment is important.Good outcomes will be achieved in most of patients by suitable treatments,but complications which need further treatments may occur subsequently in part of the patients.

Objective To investigate the role of MMPs expression in the invasion and metastasis of bladder cancer.Methods 50 patients with bladder cancer were selected as observation group .30 healthy people were selected as control group.ELISA method was used to detect the serum contents of MMP -2 and MMP -9.The distribution and expression of MMP -2 and MMP-9 were detected by immunohistochemical SP method .The results of the two groups were compared .Results The serum levels of MMP-2 and MMP-9 between bladder cancer with lymph node metastasis group and control group had statistically significant differences (t =7.532,6.358,all P <0.05 ) , and the differences between bladder cancer with lymph node metastasis group and bladder cancer without lymph node metastasis group were statistically significant (t =5.486,6.225,all P <0.05),and the differences between bladder cancer without lymph node metastasis group and normal control group were statistically significant (t=9.687,8.425,all P<0.05).The expression of MMP -2 and MMP-9 in bladder epithelial tissues of normal control group was negative , MMP-2 and MMP-9 expression in tumor cells and stromal cells of 50 patients with bladder cancer metastasis was positive ,mainly expressed in tumor cells ,MMP-2 positive expression in 37 patients, MMP-9 positive expression in 49 patients.With the increase of tumor grade and lymph node metastasis , the expression of MMP-2 and MMP-9 increased obviously,the differences were statistically significant (χ2 =9.268, 11.258,8.412,6.354,all P<0.05).MMP-2 and MMP-9 levels were associated with tumor histological grade and lymph node metastasis in bladder cancer cell metastasis (χ2 =11.742,P<0.05).Conclusion Serum contents and expression of MMP-2 and MMP-9 are closely related with invasion and metastasis of bladder cancer ,which can be used as objective indicators that estimate the prognosis of bladder transitional cell carcinoma .

A 48-year-old male was suffered from slowly progressive dysuria over twenty years. Although multiple urethral dilatation was treated, the effect was unsatisfactory. He was diagnosed with penile lichen sclerosus related to urethral stricture due to the lichenification of glans penis, the stenosis of urethral meatus, and the long anterior urethral stricture shown by urethrography. Finally, the patient underwent an enlarged urethroplasty with lingual mucosal graft (17 cm in length), and obtained a good outcome. During the two-year postoperative follow-up, the patient maintained a satisfactory urination without any complication.

Objective:To study the effects of cryptotanshinone on proliferation and apoptosis of human bladder carcinoma J82 cells in vitro and its mechanisms.Methods:The J82 cells were treated with cryptotanshinone of different concentrations including 0, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0, 5.0 and 8.0 μmol/L.After 48-hour treatment, the proliferation of J82 cells was determined by CCK-8 assay method.Flow cytometric analysis with Annexin V-FITC/PI staining was used to evaluate the apoptosis of J82 cells, and Western blotting was adopted to observe the protein expressions of p65, caspase-3, caspase-8 and caspase-9 related to proliferation and apoptosis.Results:CCK-8 results showed that the A values of 450nm-wavelength were as following: the control group (1.77±0.06), 0.5μmol/L group (1.78±0.08), 1.0μmol/L group (1.64±0.05), 2.0μmol/L group (1.48±0.12), 3.0μmol/L group (1.20±0.07), 4.0μmol/L group (0.93±0.10), 5.0μmol/L group (0.76±0.02), 8.0μmol/L group (0.05±0.01), and the A values were significantly different among the three groups ( F=329.83, P=0.00), there were statistically significant differences between any two groups except the 0.5 μmol/L group(all P<0.05). The early and total apoptosis rates were both significantly different among the three groups ( F=32.49, P=0.00; F=6.39; P=0.03), the early apoptosis rates of 3.0, 1.0μmol/L group were higher than that of the control group(all P<0.05), and the early apoptosis rate in the 3.0 μmol/L group was higher than that in the 1.0μmol/L group[(11.83±1.12)% vs.(7.01±1.84)%, t=3.73, P<0.05]. The expression of p65 protein decreased, while both the expressions of caspase-3 and caspase-9 proteins increased after treatment with cryptotanshinone. Conclusion:Cryptotanshinone can significantly inhibit proliferation and induce apoptosis of human bladder carcinoma J82 cells in vitro, probably via suppressing NF-κB signal pathway and activating mitochondrial pathway, respectively.

Prostate cancer is one of the most common male malignancies in many parts of the world and also the fifth leading cause of cancer death among men worldwide.At present,the commonly used clinical screening methods for prostate cancer are serum prostate-specific antigen(PSA)and transrectal ultrasound guided puncture biopsy.However,the above two diagnostic methods have some related problems such as over-diagnosis caused by false negative and false positive.Metabolomics is an important component of systems biol-ogy,which recognizes minor changes in certain molecular metabolites during tumorigenesis and development.This article reviewed how to use the method of metabolomics to find the metabolites of the three major sub-stances in the patients with prostate cancer and the changes of related metabolic pathways to provide the new ideas for the clinical diagnosis of prostate cancer.