OBJECTIVE:To analyze the constituents of volatile oil in Artemisia indica from different area of Guangxi, and to compared which with those in Artemisia argyi. METHODS: The volatile oil was extracted from Artemisia indica and Artemisia argyi respectively by steam distillation. The constituents of the volatile oil were identified by GC-MS technology. RESULTS: The yield of the collected volatile oil of Artemisia indica from different area of Guangxi was 0.32%～0.67%, and compared with Artemisia argyi, both were found to contain the following main constituents: eucalyptol, camphor, borneol, germacrene D, caryophyllene, caryophyllene oxide, terpineol, azulene etc. But the content of the same constituents in Artemisia indica varied with different producing area and there was also difference for a certain constituent of the volatile oil. CONCLUSION: The study results serve as a scientific basis for rational use of Artemisia indica from Guangxi.

AIM: To study the chemical constituents from the leaves of Phyllanthus emblica L. METHODS: The constituents were extracted by percolation with 95% ethanol.Then the extract was separated by systemic solvent separation methods.The ethyl acetate portion from the leaves were separated and purified by silica gel column chromatography and polyamide column chromatography with gradient elution,liquid preparation and recrystal methods.The structures of crystals were identified by physiochemical properties,spectrum analysis and literatures ontrast. RESULTS: Five compounds were isolated and identified.They were ?-sitosterol(Ⅰ);?-carotene(Ⅱ);kaemferol(Ⅲ);quercetin(Ⅳ);avicularin(Ⅴ). CONCLUSION: Chemical compound Ⅴ is isolated from this plant for the first time.

Objective To investigate the effect of aldehyde-free fixation solution and aldehyde fixation solution on DNA and cytoplasm of nucleus.Methods The DNA quantification (IOD),discrete coefficient (CV),DNA index (DI) and nucleus area (area) were measured by DNA quantification system (ICM) in 8 different fixation solution;combined with cytological staining,the effects of different fixative solution on nuclear DNA and cytoplasmic staining were analyzed.Results Aldehyde fixation solution was better than aldehyde free fixation solution,the formaldehyde in fixtion solution has important influence on Feulgen-eosin staining.Conclusion Aldehyde fixation solution combined with cytological staining can obtained good dyeing effect,which provides the basis for the subsequent multi-technique joint diagnosis.

Objective:To construct a predictive nomogram on postoperative overall survival (OS) in patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) after R 0 radical pancreaticoduodenectomy, and to evaluate its performance. Methods:The clinicopathological data of patients who underwent radical pancreaticoduodenectomy at the Faculty of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery, Chinese PLA General Hospital from January 2014 to December 2019 for pathologically diagnosed PDAC were retrospectively collected and analyzed. There were 119 patients, with 85 males and 34 females, aged (58±11) years. Using multivariate Cox regression analysis (stepwise regression), a prediction nomogram was constructed. Concordance index (C-index), calibration curve, and time-dependent receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve were applied to evaluate the predictive performance.Results:The 1-, 2-, and 3-year cumulative survival rates of these 119 patients were 67.2%, 35.0%, and 24.8%, respectively. High-grade tumors (poorly differentiated and undifferentiated), vascular carcinoma embolus, systemic immune inflammatory index <279.4×10 9/L, prognostic nutritional index <40.5, alanine aminotransferase-to-aspartate aminotransferase ratio>1.1, total bilirubin>258.5 μmol/L and plasma fibrinogen>3.43 g/L were independent risk factors for poor OS for PDAC patients after radical pancreaticoduodenectomy (all P<0.05). These indicators, together with age >63 years, constituted the regression formula for prediction with a C-index=0.74. The areas under the curve of ROC for the nomogram on predicting survival were 0.795, 0.803, and 0.836 at 1, 2, and 3-year respectively, and only slight deviations were observed on the calibration curves from the standard 45° line, suggesting that the survival prediction of the model in this dataset fitted well with the actual survival status. Conclusion:The predictive nomogram on OS in patients after R 0 radical pancreaticoduodenectomy based on the clinicopathological characteristics of PDAC was internally validated to have a good predictive performance on OS. The nomogram can help to optimize prognostic risk stratification and treatment decisions for this subgroup of patients. This prediction model needs to be further verified and improved by using large-scale cohort studies.

Objective:To discuss the challenges and problems of the prevention and control of emerging infectious diseases in Shanghai as a megacities.Methods:An imported case of cutaneous anthrax occurred in Shanghai on May 30, 2019. Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control & Prevention conducted an epidemiological investigation and treatment of the cases; after this case, the data of patients with cutaneous anthrax were collected, and an epidemiological study was conducted. Meanwhile, the wound and blood samples of the patient were collected for laboratory testing.Results:Of the seven wound samples of the patient, 6 were positive for the Bacillus anthracis nucleic acid test, and the double serological test results showed a 4-fold increase in the titer of anthrax antibodies. Shanghai CDC conducted an epidemiological investigation of the confirmed cases and observed its contacts. After treatment, the patients recovered, and no other issues appeared among the 19 contacts. Conclusions:Shanghai must strengthen the training of clinicians on emerging infectious diseases to achieve early detection, diagnosis, and treatment of imported infectious diseases and reduce the incidence, spread, and death of the diseases. At the same time, multi-department joint prevention and control are needed to prevent and control secondary cases.

Objective: To analyze vaccination situation of oral live attenuated rotavirus vaccine (LLR strain) among children from six provinces in China. Methods: In 2014, we selected 12 counties in Guangdong, Jiangsu, Chongqing, Jiangxi, Heilongjiang and Gansu provinces by using stratified cluster random sampling method and extract information of children born from January 1, 2008 to December 31, 2012 from Children's Immunization Information System. We investigated ten children of each birth cohort in each county by checking the vaccination certification, and a total of 606 children were investigated. A survey was conducted to check the information of the children's vaccination certification with the data of Children's Immunization Information System by questionnaire including the basic information (province, county, name, gender, birth date, etc) and the rotavirus vaccination (vaccination date, dose, etc) to analyze the rotavirus vaccination situation. Results: 340 of 606 children were male. There were 121, 124, 122, 119 and 120 children born in 2008-2012, respectively. The proportions of the first and the second dose of rotavirus vaccination were 32.8% (199) and 9.7% (59). The proportion of the third dose of rotavirus vaccination among children born between 2008 and 2010 was 3.5% (13) since children born in 2011 and 2012 did not reach the age of third dose vaccination. The proportion of the first dose of rotavirus vaccination in high, middle and low per capita disposable income areas was 45.0% (91), 37.7% (77) and 15.5% (31) respectively (χ²= 43.15, P<0.001). Among 199 children vaccinated with the first dose of vaccine, the vaccination age mainly concentrated in 2 to 21 months, of which the peak was 5 to 13 months (66.8%, 133). The intervals between 2 doses of vaccination were mainly from 12 to 13 months (42.4%, 25) among the 59 children who received at least 2 doses of vaccine. In the 13 children vaccinated with 3 doses, the intervals between the second and the third dose were 12 months (5). Of the 271 doses of rotavirus vaccine vaccinated during 2008-2014, 34.7% (94 doses) were vaccinated in June-August, 88 were vaccinated simultaneously with 18 other vaccines, accounting for 32.5% of the total. Of the 18 other vaccines, inactivated vaccines such as diphtheria vaccine (30 doses), Hib vaccine (14 doses), group A meningitis vaccine (10 doses) were predominant. Conclusion The proportion of rotavirus vaccination was low and the vaccination age was relatively late. The vaccination mode was different from the recommendation of WHO. It is recommended that routine immunization of rotavirus vaccines should be carried out in early-months of children.

Objective To investigate the advantages and efficacy of traction with titanium clips in endoscopic submucosal dissection(ESD)for large laterally spreading tumor(LST)in rectum and sigmoid colon.Methods 67 patients with large sigmoid or rectal LST underwent ESD from January 2018 to June 2022 were analyzed retrospectively,including 32 patients in Group A and 35 patients in Group B.Group A was treated with clip-line traction and group B was treated with traditional ESD.The size of lesion,the total operation time,the submucosal dissection time,submucosal dissection rate,submucosal injection number,en bloc resection rate,R0 resection rate,curative resection rate and complications of the two groups were compared.Results LST-G-M was the most common type and villous adenoma was the main pathology in both groups.There were no differences in en bloc resection rate,R0 resection rate and incidence of complications between the two groups.The average size of group A was(13.6±8.4)cm2,significantly larger than that in group B(9.3±4.7)cm2,the total operation time was(42.3±10.3)min in group A,significantly shorter than that in group B(47.9±10.1)min,submucosal dissection time was(30.7±8.2)min in group A,significantly shorter than that in group B(36.1±7.6)min,submucosal injection number was(2.7±1.1)times in group A,significantly less than that in group B(3.5±1.2)times,submucosal dissection rate was(0.4±0.2)cm2/min in group A,significantly faster than that in group B(0.2±0.1)cm2/min,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion Compared with traditional ESD,clip-line traction can provide a better surgical field and more effective dissection for large LST in rectum and sigmoid colon.