Temporomandibular disorders (TMD) is one of the most common diseases in the orofacial region. The occurrence, development and outcome of TMD are affected by many factors. Among various risk factors, the psychological factors, especially anxiety, depression and somatic symptoms, are getting more and more attention in the etiology, diagnosis and treatment of TMD. Psychological factors are associated with the occurrence of TMD, and the accurate diagnostic criteria is conducive to the assessment of the patient′s psychological state. If necessary, an appropriate psychological treatment according to a patient′s psychological status can effectively improve the effect of clinical treatment. This article, based on domestic and international literatures, reviews the research progress of the correlation between the psychological factors and the etiology, diagnosis and treatment of TMD, in order to provide new ideas for clinicians to diagnose and treat TMD.