Objective:To investigate the effects of various degrees of rapid eye movement (REM) sleep deprivation (RSD) and sleep recovery on cognitive function (learning and memory) and expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in the rat hippocampus. Methods: Male SD rats were divided into 8 groups (n=12): blank control group (with normal sleep), environmental control, RSD 1 d, RSD 3 d, RSD 5 d, RSD 7 d, recover sleep 6 h after 7 d RSD (RS 6 h), and recover sleep 12 h after 7 d RSD (RS 12 h). The modified multiple platform method (MMPM) was used to establish sleep deprivation model in rats. The cognitive functions of rats were tested by Y-type maze. The hippocampal BDNF mRNA and protein levels were detected by real-time PCR and immunohistochemical method. Results: The failure reaction times of all RSD groups and the 2 RS groups were significantly more than those in control group and environmental control group (P

Objective To observe the clinical efficacy and safety of the lenalidomide-based therapy regimen in the treatment of high-intermediate-risk B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (B-NHL). Methods A retrospective analysis of 23 high-intermediate-risk B-NHL patients who were admitted to Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine from June 2015 to February 2018 was conducted, of which 7 relapsed or refractory (R/R) patients received lenalidomide combined with rituximab (R2) and plus different salvage chemotherapy regimens (DHAP, GDP, ICE) of each 28-day cycle; 5 elderly patients were initially treated with R2 of each 28-day cycle; 11 patients were administered by maintenance monotherapy of lenalidomide of each 28-day cycle, or R2 therapy of 3-month cycle. The primary endpoint was overall response, and the secondary endpoints were progression-free survival (PFS) and safety. Results The median follow-up time was 4.5 months (1-20 months) in the R/R and elderly initial-treated patients. The median time to response in the R/R group was 3 months (2-7 months), of which 3 patients were complete remission (CR), overall response was 3 patients, and the median PFS was 7 months. The median time to response in the elderly initial treatment group was 4 months (2-5 months), 1 of 4 eligible patients was CR and 2 were partial remission (PR), overall response was 3 patients, and the median PFS time had not reached. The median follow-up time in the maintenance treatment group was 15 months (2-32 months), the median PFS time had not reached, and the 1-year PFS rate was 64％ (95％ CI 36％-92％). The most common grade 3-4 adverse events were leukopenia and thrombocytopenia, each accounting for 35％, and most patients were tolerable. Conclusion Lenalidomide as an immunomodulator is effective and safety for elderly initial treatment, R/R and maintenance treatment patients with high-intermediate-risk B-NHL, and it can prolong their survival.

Objective To observe the effec t and safety of posaconzole in prophylactic antifungal treatment of high-risk patients with hematological malignancies. Methods The effect of posaconzole on prevention of invasive fungal disease (IFD) during chemotherapy in 102 patients with hematological malignancies in Shanghai Ruijin Hospital from February 2014 to April 2017 were analyzed retrospectively. The correlation analysis was carried out by Spearman analysis. Results A total of 102 patients were included, and only 2 (1.96%) patients had IFD. 2 patients died because of development of hematological malignancies. 11 (10.8%) patients had to discontinuation of posaconzole because of sever adverse events. Two patients with IFD and 1 case of undiagnosed IFD had to discontinue posaconzole. The total rate of discontinuation was 13.7 % (14/102). There was no correlation between the time of using pothiazol and the time of hospitalization (rs= -0.02, P= 0.853) and the time of neutrophilic deficiency (rs= 0.167, P= 0.113), but the time of hospitalization was positively correlated with the time of neutrophilic deficiency (rs = 0.448, P=0.000). Conclusion Posaconzole could effectively and safely prevent IFD in patients with hematological malignancies.

The clinical manifestation, physical and laboratory examination, electrophysiological, and imaging data of 2 female adult OMS patients with vertigo were analyzed at the Department of Neurology of the First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital from February 2021 to March 2022. The treatment strategy and clinical outcome were followed up. The two female patients were aged 42 and 66 years. Anti-NMDA receptor antibody and anti-GABAB receptor antibody were detected in serological screening, respectively. The two patients met the diagnostic criteria for OMS, and one was screened for breast tumor. The clinical symptoms of the two patients were relieved after immunomodulation therapy. OMS is a group of rare clinical syndromes; its clinical evaluation process should be standardized and the etiology should be actively searched for.