This consensus will introduce the characteristics of fillers used in the surgical cavities of domestic nasal surgery patients based on relevant literature and expert opinions. It will also provide recommendations for the selection of cavity fillers for different nasal diseases, with chronic sinusitis as a representative example.
Humans ; Nasal Cavity/surgery* ; Nasal Surgical Procedures ; China ; Consensus ; Sinusitis/surgery* ; Dermal Fillers

Objective To investigate the puncture effect of radiofrequency thermocoagulation of semilunar ganglion through the foramen ovale with ultrasound guidance and CT verification in the treatment of V3 branch trigeminal neuralgia(TN).Methods Forty-eight V3 branch TN patients,19 males and 29 females,aged＞18 years,BMI≤28 kg/m2,undergoing radiofrequency thermocoagulation of semilunar ganglion through the foramen ovale were selected.Patients were divided into two groups by random number table method:ultrasound guidance combined with CT verification group(group U)and CT guidance group(group C),24 patients in each groups.According to grouping result,patients received radiofrequency ther-mocoagulation of semilunar ganglion with foramen ovale puncture performed under the ultrasound guidance and CT verification or CT guidance respectively.The success cases of puncture,the number of puncture,ra-diation dose,puncture time,operation time and the occurrence of treatment complications were recorded.Numerical rating scale(NRS)scores and Barrow neurological institute(BNI)scores were recorded before surgery,2,4,12,and 24 weeks after surgery,and good postoperative pain relief rate(BNI Ⅰ or Ⅱ)was calculated.Results All patients in both groups completed puncture operationand radiofrequency thermo-coagulation.Compared with group C,group U had fewer number of puncture,lower radiation exposure,and shorter puncture and surgical times(P＜0.05).Compared with baseline before operation,NRS scores were significantly lower in both groups at 2,4,12,and 24 weeks after surgery(P＜0.05).There was no signif-icant difference in the rate of good pain relief 2,4,12,and 24 weeks after surgery between the two groups.There was no significant difference in the incidence of facial hematoma between the two groups.No other se-rious complications were found in both groups.Conclusion Radiofrequency thermocoagulation of semilunar ganglion through the foramen ovale with ultrasound guidance and CT verification is a safe and feasible method for the treatment of the V3 branch TN.Compared with CT guidance,ultrasound guidance combined with CT verification can significantly improve the puncture accuracy and reduce the radiation exposure related to treatment.

Objective To investigate the epidemiological characteristics of occupational noise induced deafness (ONID) in Nantong area and analyze the risk factors. Methods A total of 421 workers in hydropower industry who underwent physical examination in the outpatient clinic of Nantong Center for Disease Control and Prevention from January 2017 to December 2021 were selected as the research subjects.168 workers without ONID were divided into control group, and 253 workers diagnosed with ONID were divided into ONID group. The expression levels of serum cortisol, interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in the two groups were compared and analyzed. Results There were more males than females in both groups (P<0.05). With the increase of working age, the detection rate of ONID also increased significantly (P<0.05). The hearing thresholds of left and right ears in workers of different workplaces in the ONID group were higher than those in the control group (P<0.05), and the hearing thresholds of workers in water wheel room and water machine operation duty room were higher (P<0.05). The expression levels of cortisol, IL-6 and TNF-α in the serum of ONID patients were significantly higher than those in the control group. Multivariate analysis showed that workplace, serum cortisol, IL-6 and TNF-α were the main influencing factors for ONID. Conclusion Workplace, serum cortisol, IL-6 and TNF-α are all risk factors for ONID. Appropriate measures should be taken to strengthen the prevention and treatment of noise-induced hearing loss according to the influencing factors.

Transdermal drug delivery systems (TDDs) avoid gastrointestinal degradation and hepatic first-pass metabolism, providing good drug bioavailability and patient compliance. One emerging type of TDDs is the wearable patch worn on the skin surface to deliver medication through the skin. They can generally be grouped into passive and active types, depending on the properties of materials, design principles and integrated devices. This review describes the latest advancement in the development of wearable patches, focusing on the integration of stimulus-responsive materials and electronics. This development is deemed to provide a dosage, temporal, and spatial control of therapeutics delivery.

Hypertrophic scars are unfavorable skin diseases characterized by excessive collagen deposition. Although systemic treatments exist in clinic to manage hypertrophic scars, they pose significant side effects and tend to lose efficacy over prolonged applications. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) offers as a promising candidate to treat pathological scars. A large number of TCMs have been studied to show anti-scarring effect, however, the natural barrier of the skin impedes their penetration, lowering its therapeutic efficacy. Herein, we reported the use of dissolvable hyaluronic acid (HA) microneedles (MNs) as a vehicle to aid the transdermal delivery of therapeutic agent, a model TCM called shikonin for the treatment of hypertrophic scars. Here, shikonin was mixed with HA to make MNs with adequate mechanical strength for skin penetration, making its dosage controllable during the fabrication process. The therapeutic effect of the shikonin HA MNs was studied

Co-delivery of chemotherapeutics and immunostimulant or chemoimmunotherapy is an emerging strategy in cancer therapy. The precise control of the targeting and release of agents is critical in this methodology. This article proposes the asynchronous release of the chemotherapeutic agents and immunostimulants to realize the synergistic effect between chemotherapy and immunotherapy. To obtain a proof-of-concept, a co-delivery system was prepared

Background: Postherpetic neuralgia (PHN) is the most common complication of acute herpes zoster. The treatment of PHN remains a challenge for clinical pain management. Despite the effectiveness of anticonvulsants, antidepressants, and lidocaine patches in reducing PHN, many patients still face intractable pain disorders.In this randomized controlled study, we evaluated whether hydromorphone through intravenous patient-controlled analgesia (IV PCA) was effective in relieving PHN. Methods: Patients with PHN were randomly divided into two groups, one group received oral pregabalin with IV normal saline, another group received oral pregabalin with additional IV PCA hydromorphone for two weeks. Efficacy was evaluated at 1, 4, and 12 weeks after the end of the treatments. Results: Two hundred and one patients were followed up for 12 weeks. After treatment, numerical rating scale (NRS) score of patients in the hydromorphone group was significantly lower than that of the control group, and the difference of NRS scores between the two groups was statistically significant at 4 and 12 weeks after treatment. The frequency of breakthrough pain in the hydromorphone group was significantly lower than that in the control group 1 and 4 weeks after treatment.After treatment, the quality of sleep in the hydromorphone group was significantly improved compared with the control group. The most common adverse reactions in the hydromorphone group were dizziness and nausea, with no significant respiratory depression. Conclusions IV PCA hydromorphone combined with oral pregabalin provides superior pain relief in patients with PHN, which is worthy of clinical application and promotion.

Background: Postherpetic neuralgia (PHN) is the most common complication of acute herpes zoster. The treatment of PHN remains a challenge for clinical pain management. Despite the effectiveness of anticonvulsants, antidepressants, and lidocaine patches in reducing PHN, many patients still face intractable pain disorders.In this randomized controlled study, we evaluated whether hydromorphone through intravenous patient-controlled analgesia (IV PCA) was effective in relieving PHN. Methods: Patients with PHN were randomly divided into two groups, one group received oral pregabalin with IV normal saline, another group received oral pregabalin with additional IV PCA hydromorphone for two weeks. Efficacy was evaluated at 1, 4, and 12 weeks after the end of the treatments. Results: Two hundred and one patients were followed up for 12 weeks. After treatment, numerical rating scale (NRS) score of patients in the hydromorphone group was significantly lower than that of the control group, and the difference of NRS scores between the two groups was statistically significant at 4 and 12 weeks after treatment. The frequency of breakthrough pain in the hydromorphone group was significantly lower than that in the control group 1 and 4 weeks after treatment.After treatment, the quality of sleep in the hydromorphone group was significantly improved compared with the control group. The most common adverse reactions in the hydromorphone group were dizziness and nausea, with no significant respiratory depression. Conclusions IV PCA hydromorphone combined with oral pregabalin provides superior pain relief in patients with PHN, which is worthy of clinical application and promotion.

Atherosclerosis (AS) is a lipid-driven chronic inflammatory disease occurring at the arterial subendothelial space. Macrophages play a critical role in the initiation and development of AS. Herein, targeted codelivery of anti-miR 155 and anti-inflammatory baicalein is exploited to polarize macrophages toward M2 phenotype, inhibit inflammation and treat AS. The codelivery system consists of a carrier-free strategy (drug-delivering-drug, DDD), fabricated by loading anti-miR155 on baicalein nanocrystals, named as baicalein nanorods (BNRs), followed by sialic acid coating to target macrophages. The codelivery system, with a diameter of 150 nm, enables efficient intracellular delivery of anti-miR155 and polarizes M1 to M2, while markedly lowers the level of inflammatory factors and . In particular, intracellular fate assay reveals that the codelivery system allows for sustained drug release over time after internalization. Moreover, due to prolonged blood circulation and improved accumulation at the AS plaque, the codelivery system significantly alleviates AS in animal model by increasing the artery lumen diameter, reducing blood pressure, promoting M2 polarization, inhibiting secretion of inflammatory factors and decreasing blood lipids. Taken together, the codelivery could potentially be used to treat vascular inflammation.