Objective:To study the infection and epidemiological characteristics of soil borne nematode disease in Sihong County, Suqian City, and to provide scientific basis for further development of prevention and control measures.Methods:In 2022, according to geographic location, Sihong County was divided into east and west areas. Jieji Town, Shiji Township, and Linhuai Town were selected from the east area, and Tianganghu Township, Meihua Town from the west area. One administrative village was selected as a survey point in each township. Using cluster sampling method, 450 permanent residents aged 3 years old and older in the village were selected as the respondents for questionnaire survey and fecal sample collection. The infection status of hookworms, roundworms, whipworms and pinworms in fecal samples were examined, transparent tape anal swab method for detecting pinworm eggs in children, and influencing factors were analyzed.Results:A total of 2 264 survey subjects were included, 18 cases of soil borne nematodes were detected as positive, with an overall positive rate of 0.80%. Among them, 15 cases were positive for hookworms, 1 case was positive for whipworms, and 2 cases were positive for pinworms, with detection rates of 0.66%, 0.04%, and 0.09%, respectively. No ascaris lumbricoides were detected. Transparent tape anal swab method was used to examine 142 children, and the positivity rate of 1.41% (2/142). By township, the detection rate of soil borne nematodes was the highest in Jieji Town, at 2.41% (11/457); the others were Meihua Town, Tianganghu Township, Shiji Township, and Linhuai Town, with detection rates of 0.89% (4/451),0.66% (3/454), 0 (0/451) and 0 (0/451), respectively. There was a statistically significant difference between different townships (χ 2 = 19.21, P < 0.001). Among the 18 positive cases of soil borne nematode, 7 were males and 11 were females, with detection rates of 0.66% (7/1 063) and 0.92% (11/1 201), respectively, the difference was not statistically significant (χ 2 = 0.47, P = 0.491). The age distribution showed the highest detection rate in the 40 - < 60 age group, at 1.42% (9/634), with statistically significant differences between different age groups (χ 2 = 6.41, P = 0.033). The occupational distribution showed the highest detection rate in farmers, at 1.46% (9/617), with statistically significant differences between different professions (χ 2 = 8.00, P = 0.034). The differences in total soil borne nematode and hookworm detection rates were statistically significant among different methods of treating human and animal feces (χ 2 = 11.01, 9.02, P = 0.003, 0.011). Conclusions:The main species of soil borne nematode infections in Sihong County, Suqian City are hookworms, with fewer infections of whipworms and pinworms, and no roundworm infections observed. There are regional differences in detection rate. In the future, it is necessary to strengthen health education for key populations, enhance health knowledge publicity, and effectively intervene to change unhealthy production and lifestyle, further reducing the infection of soil borne nematodes in Suqian City.