0 05).Plasma ET in the active LN was significantly higher than that in the inactive LN and normal control group ( P

Objective To investigate the levels of serum tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-?琢) and soluble tumor necrosis factor receptor (sTNF-R) and sTNF-R/TNF-?琢 ratios in patients with severe lupus nephritis (SLN) and the impact of double pulse therapy with methylprednisolone (MP) combined cytoxan (CTX). Methods Serum TNF-?琢, soluble tumor necrosis factor receptor type Ⅰ(sTNF-RⅠ) and soluble tumor necrosis factor receptor type Ⅱ (sTNF-RⅡ) levels were determined in 38 cases of SLN patients and 35 health controls by double antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) before and after the double pulse therapy with MP and CTX. Anti-dsDNA antibody was detected by ELISA. Antinuclear antibody (ANA) was detected by indirect immunofluorescence experiments. Complement C3 and complement C4 were detected by rate nephelometry. Results The serum levels of TNF-?琢, sTNF-RⅠ, sTNF-RⅡand ratios of TNF-?琢/sTNF-RⅠ, TNF-a/sTNF-RⅡ were significantly higher in SLN patients than those in normal control group (P

Objective To study the effects and clinical significance of tea pigment on 24 hour urinary endothelin(UET) excretion in patients with early stage diabetic nephropathy.Methods 65 cases of early stage diabetic nephropathy were randomly divided into expermental group and control group.Control group was treated by routine treatment and the expermental group was treated by tea pigment,in addition to routine treatment,and was orally given tea pigment capsule 0 24g three time daily,for 8 weeks.The amounts of 24 hours UET and urinary albumin excretion rate(UAER)in the two groups patients before and after treatment were measured using radioimmunoassay method.Results The amounts of 24 hour UET in patients with diabetic nephropathy were elevated significantly as compared with those in normal control group(P0 05).After 8 week's treatment,the amounts of 24 hour UET and UAER in expermental group were significantly lower than those of control group(P

Objective To investigate the changes of blood and urine endothelin levels in the aged patients with primary nephrotic syndrome(PNS) and their clinical significance. Methods The levels of blood and urine endothelin were measured by radioimmunoassay at different stages(active and alleviated stages) in 40 elderly and 40 non elderly patients with PNS and 40 elderly healthy controls(control group). The levels of endothelin in blood and urine of the aged patients with PNS, and serum creatinine(Scr), endogenous creatinine clearance rate(Ccr), 24 hour urinary protein and urinary retinal binding protein(uRBP) were determined. Results The contents of endothelin in blood and urine of the aged PNS patients in the active stage were (229?81) ng/L and (143?58)ng/24 h,which were apparently higher than those in the alleviated stage 〔(60?11) ng/L, (53?13)ng/24 h〕 and the healthy control group〔(53?9) ng/L, (50?14 ng)/24 h, P 0 05). Conclusions Endothelin may be involved in the pathogenesis of the aged PNS. The increased urine endothelin level may be an important factor in glomerulus and tubular damage in the elderly PNS patients.

Objective To investigate changes and clinical significance of serum granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor(GM-CSF),tumor necrosis factor-alpha(TNF-?),interleukin-6(IL-6)and interleukin-8(IL-8)level in patients with bee-sting poisoning.Methods One hundred and nine patients with bee-sting poisoning were also divided into slight poisoning group,moderate poisoning group,and server poisoning group and also divided into dead group and survival group according to the prognosis.Thirty healthy persons were selected as control group.GM-CSF and TNF-?were measured using radioimmunoassay,IL-6 and IL-8 was measured using enzyme linked immunoadsorbent assay(ELISA),and they were compared with control grouup.Results The levels of serum GM-CSF,TNF-?,IL-6,IL-8 in slight poisoning group were increased a little,and there were no significant difference compared with control group(P＞0. 05).The levels of serum GM-CSF,TNF-?,IL-6 and IL-8 were significantly higher in moderate poisoning group and severe poisoning group than those in the control group(P＜0.01),but the severe poisoning group were much higher than the moderate poisoning group(P＜0.01).They were significantly higher in survival group than those in dead group(P＜0.01).APACHEⅡscores were obvious correlated with the levels of serum GM-CSF,TNF-?,IL-6 and IL-8(P＜0.05 or P＜0.01). Conclusion GM-CSF,TNF-?,IL-6 and IL-8 may participate in the occurrence and progress of patients with bee-sting poisoning.Dynamic monitoring of serum GM-CSF,TNF-?,IL-6,IL-8 and APACHEⅡscores plays an important role in diagnosis of the severity of patients with bee-sting poisoning and its prognosis.The use of antagonist and inhibitor of cytokines may be helpful to treat patients with bee-sting poisoning.

Objective To investigate the relationship between the incidence of radiation-induced brain stem injury after intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) and the radiation dose volume in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma.Methods A retrospective analysis was performed on the data of 258 patients newly diagnosed with nasopharyngeal carcinoma who received IMRT in our group from 2005 to 2013.The radiation dose per unit volume of brain stem was analyzed.The relationship between the incidence of brain stem injury induced by IMRT and the radiation dose volume was studied.The survival rate was calculated using the Kaplan-Meier method.The factors influencing the radiation-induced brain stem injury were analyzed using the Cox regression model.Results Two patients with stage T3 disease and three patients with T4 disease had radiation-induced brain stem injury.The 3-and 5-year injury incidence rates were 1.6％ and 2.4％,respectively.The latency ranged between 9 and 58 months,with a median latency of 19 months.The median D1％ and Dmax for the brain stem were 54.24 and 59.22 Gy in all patients,54.31 and 59.45 Gy in patients with stage T3 disease,and 61.29 and 66.37 Gy in patients with stage T4 disease,respectively.In the five patients with brain stem injury,the D1％ and Dmax were larger than 60 and 63 Gy,respectively.The univariate analysis showed that the incidence of radiation-induced brain stem injury was correlated with D1％,Dmax,D0.1 cm3,D0.5 cm3,and D1.0 cm3 (all P=0.01).The incidence of radiation-induced brain stem injury was significantly lower in patients with D1％,Dmax,D0.1 cm3,D0.5 cm3,and D1.0 cm3 no larger than 60,63,60,58,and 56 Gy,respectively (all P =0.00).Conclusions The incidence of radiation-induced brain stem injury after IMRT is relatively low in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma.Strict control of the dose to the brain stem may help to reduce the incidence of brain stem injury and improve the long-term quality of life.

Objective:To investigate the predictive factors of delayed high atrioventricular block(DH-AVB) after transcatheter aortic valve replacement(TAVR) and the risk of pacemaker implantation.Methods:Patients who underwent TAVR in the heart center of Qingdao Municipal Hospital from January 2019 to October 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. A total of 85 patients who met the criteria of transcatheter aortic valve replacement were included in this study. They were divided into DH-AVB group after TAVR and non-DH-AVB group after TAVR. The data were analyzed by univariate analysis and binary logistic regression analysis. Results:The results showed that the over-rate of valve implantation( OR=3.582, 95% CI: 0.923-13.902, P=0.048), the depth of valve implantation( OR=3.727, 95% CI: 1.138-12.204, P=0.030), the new postoperative CLBBB( OR=5.958, 95% CI: 1.258-28.220, P=0.025)and the prolonged PR time limit( OR=1.036, 95% CI: 1.008-1.065, P=0.011) were independent risk factors for DH-AVB after TAVR. With the progress of conduction block, patients in DH-AVB group had a higher pacemaker implantation rate(81.82 % vs.18.18 %, P<0.001). Conclusion:The excessive rate of valve implantation, the depth of valve implantation, the new complete left bundle branch block(CLBBB) and the prolonged PR time after operation are independent predictors of delayed complete atrioventricular block after TAVR. The incidence of pacemaker implantation in patients with delayed complete atrioventricular block after operation is higher.

Objective: To investigate the effects of cigarette smoking in different manners on acute lung injury in rats .Methods: The commercially available cigarettes with tar of 1,5, 11 mg were smoked in Canada depth smoking ( health canada method , HCM) manner , and those with tar of 11 mg were also smoked in international standard ( ISO) smoking manner .Rats were fixed and exposed to mainstream in a manner of nose-mouth exposure .After 28 days, the bronchoalveolar lavage fluids from left lung were collected for counting and classification of inflammatory cells and determination of pro -inflammatory cytokines IL-1βand TNF-α.The right lungs were subjected to histological examination and determination of myeloperoxidase ( MPO ) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities and glutathione , reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels.Results:In both HCM and ISO manners , the degree of lung injury was closely related to the tar content of cigarettes , and significant decrease in the body weight of rats was observed after smoking for one week .In a HCM manner , smoking with cigarette of 11 mg tar resulted in robust infiltration of macrophages , lymphocytes and neutrophils into lungs , significant increase in IL-1βand TNF-αlevels and MPO activities , and significant decrease in GSH levels and SOD activities and increase in ROS and MDA levels ( all P <0.05 ) .Smoking with cigarette of 5 mg tar led to moderate increase in IL-1βand TNF-αlevels, and MPO activities (all P<0.05), and moderate decrease in GSH levels and SOD activities and increase of ROS and MDA levels ( all P<0.05).However, smoking with cigarette of 1 mg tar affected neither inflammatory cell infiltration nor IL-1βand TNF-αlevels.Conclusion: Cigarette smoking in nose-mouth exposure manner can induce acute lung injury in rats; and the degree of lung injury is closely related to the content of tar and other hazards in cigarettes .

To investigate the effects of cigarette smoking in different manners on acute lung injury in rats.The commercially available cigarettes with tar of 1,5, 11 mg were smoked in Canada depth smoking (health canada method, HCM) manner, and those with tar of 11 mg were also smoked in international standard (ISO) smoking manner. Rats were fixed and exposed to mainstream in a manner of nose-mouth exposure. After 28 days, the bronchoalveolar lavage fluids from left lung were collected for counting and classification of inflammatory cells and determination of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β and TNF-α. The right lungs were subjected to histological examination and determination of myeloperoxidase (MPO) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities and glutathione, reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels.In both HCM and ISO manners, the degree of lung injury was closely related to the tar content of cigarettes, and significant decrease in the body weight of rats was observed after smoking for one week. In a HCM manner, smoking with cigarette of 11 mg tar resulted in robust infiltration of macrophages, lymphocytes and neutrophils into lungs, significant increase in IL-1β and TNF-α levels and MPO activities, and significant decrease in GSH levels and SOD activities and increase in ROS and MDA levels (all<0.05). Smoking with cigarette of 5 mg tar led to moderate increase in IL-1β and TNF-α levels, and MPO activities (all<0.05), and moderate decrease in GSH levels and SOD activities and increase of ROS and MDA levels (all<0.05). However, smoking with cigarette of 1 mg tar affected neither inflammatory cell infiltration nor IL-1β and TNF-α levels.Cigarette smoking in nose-mouth exposure manner can induce acute lung injury in rats; and the degree of lung injury is closely related to the content of tar and other hazards in cigarettes.
Acute Lung Injury ; etiology ; pathology ; physiopathology ; Animals ; Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid ; chemistry ; cytology ; Chemotaxis, Leukocyte ; drug effects ; Glutathione ; analysis ; drug effects ; Interleukin-1beta ; analysis ; drug effects ; Lung ; chemistry ; pathology ; Lymphocytes ; drug effects ; pathology ; Macrophages ; drug effects ; pathology ; Male ; Malondialdehyde ; analysis ; Neutrophil Infiltration ; drug effects ; Neutrophils ; drug effects ; pathology ; Peroxidase ; analysis ; drug effects ; Rats ; Reactive Oxygen Species ; analysis ; Smoking ; adverse effects ; Superoxide Dismutase ; analysis ; drug effects ; Tobacco Products ; adverse effects ; classification ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; analysis ; drug effects ; Weight Loss ; drug effects