Cancer of digestive system is one of the most common worldwidely cancers and seriously threats to human health. However its etiology and pathogenesis are still not clear. Toll-like receptor (TLR), a newly discovered transmembrane receptor, plays an important role in innate immunity. Recent researches suggested that TLRs had extensive relationship with inflammation, autoimmune diseases and cancer. A large number of researches indicated that TLRs not only participated in the occurrence, development and immune escape of cancer, but also acted in immunotherapy in digestive system. Further investigation of TLRs may re-veal the effects of TLRs in the development of malignant tumors of digestive system, moreover may find new therputic target for the treatment of cancers. We reviewed the relationship between TLRs and cancers of di-gestive system.

Objective To clone,express and identify Der f 3 gene.Methods Live mites were collected from southern China region,identified as Dermatophagoides farinae,and cultured.The total RNA was extracted.The Der f 3 gene fragment was amplified by RT-PCR and sequenced.The Der f 3 gene fragment encoding a serine protease mature peptide was sub-cloned into the expression vector pET-His.The recombinant pET-Der f 3 plasmid was inserted into E.coli BL21 and induced to express Der f 3 coding protein by IPTG.The recombinant Der f 3 with 6 his-tag was then purified by chelating resin and its allergic activity was identified by Western blotting.Results The Der f 3 gene fragment with 840 bases was determined.Its sequence homology with the published one(GenBank No.D63858) was 99.5% at nucleotide level.It was sub-cloned into expressing vector pET-His and the recombinant allergen rDer f 3 was highly expressed in E.coli BL21(DE3) under induction of IPTG,and purified by 6-His-tag purification system.Using Western blotting method,the allergic activity of the purified recombinant allergen was identified as its affinity to IgE antibodies from the mite-allergic patient sera.Conclusion Der f 3 gene has been successfully cloned and its prokaryotic expression vector is constructed.

Objective To systematically evaluate the efficacy and safety of combined hepatectomy and splenectomy in hepatocellular carcinoma complicated with hepatic cirrhosis and hypersplenism.Methods Medline (1966-August 2009), Embase (1974-August 2009), Cochrane Library, CBMdisc (1978-August 2009), and Wanfang Database were searched without language limitation. All relevant studies were screened and the data were extracted by two independent reviewers, and the methodological qualities of the included studies were evaluated by the Minors scale. The data were analyzed with the RevMan5 software. Results Five non-randomized comparative studies (NRCs) involving 476 patients (232 in HS group, 244 in control group) were enrolled into the analysis. There was no significant difference in the operative mortalities (OR=0. 57, 95%CI 0. 12-2. 66, P=0. 47) and postoperative morbidities (OR= 0. 93, 95 % CI 0.59- 1.46, P = 0.75) between the two groups. Compared with hepatectomy only, CD4+ T cell (WMD=7.90, 95%CI 7.01-8.79, P＜0.01), CD4+ T cell/CD8+ T cell ratio (WMD=0. 75, 95%CI 0. 70-0.80, P＜0.01), white blood cell count (WMD=5.47, 95%CI 5.13-5.82, P＜0.01) and platelet count (WMD=174.89, 95%CI 116.61-233.18,P＜0.01) were significantly higher, but CD8+ T cell (WMD = - 7.66, 95%CI - 8. 53～ - 6. 79,P＜0. 01) was lower compared with combined hepatectomy and splenectomy. There was no significant difference in the 5-year survival rates (OR= 1.37, 95%CI 0.86-2.18, P=0. 18). Conclusion Combined hepatectomy and splenectomy did not increase the operative mortalities and postoperative morbidities in hepatocellular carcinoma complicated with hepatic cirrhosis and hypersplenism. The white blood cell and platelet counts markedly increased after surgery. There was no evidence to show any improvement in the 5-year survival.

OBJECTIVETo study the expression of human mammaglobin (hMAM) mRNA in the peripheral blood of breast cancer patients and its implication.

METHODSThe expression of human mammaglobin mRNA was determined by using RT-PCR method in 56 patients with peripheral blood breast cancer, 8 patients with breast hyperplasia and 8 women with normal breast. The expression of hMAM mRNA was compared with biological significance and change of hMAM mRNA in chemotherapy after operation.

RESULTSThe expression of hMAM mRNA was negative in 8 patients with breast hyperplasia, 8 women with normal breast and 56 patients with breast cancer, The positive rate was 30.4% (17/56) (chi(2) = 19.766, P < 0.01). The expression of hMAM mRNA in peripheral blood was not correlated with clinical stage, primary tumor size and patients age (chi(2) = 1.256, P > 0.05). After short-term large dose of chemotherapy, 41.2% (7/17) patients turned positive before operation to negative hMAM mRNA expression and negetive expression before operation positive expression after chemotherapy.

CONCLUSIONSThis study suggests that hMAM is sensitive and specific for breast cancer. Detection of the expression of hMAM mRNA in peripheral blood of breast cancer is of value in the diagnosis and judgement of prognosis of breast cancer.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Biomarkers, Tumor ; blood ; Breast Neoplasms ; blood ; diagnosis ; Female ; Gene Expression ; Humans ; Leukocytes, Mononuclear ; metabolism ; Mammaglobin A ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Proteins ; blood ; genetics ; Prognosis ; RNA, Messenger ; blood ; Uteroglobin ; blood ; genetics

To investigate the changes of endocrine, cyclic nucleotide and immune systems in subjects of yang deficiency constitution, and to explore the relationship among characteristics and causes of yang deficiency constitution, the physiological and biochemical parameters.

Objective To investigate the features and characteristics of GLIS3 gene mutation in patients with congenital hypothyroidism(CH),and to establish the theoretical basis for gene diagnosis and prenatal diagnosis of CH.Methods Genomic DNA was extracted from peripheral blood leukocytes of 50 patients with CH who were collected from February 2007 to November 2016 in Shandong Province.The exon 2 to 11 of GLIS3 were amplified with 11 pairs of sequence specific primers designed by Primer 5.0.Polymerase chain reaction and the first generation of sequencing method(Sanger sequencing) were used to detect the mutation.Comparison of the sequencing results with the GLIS3 reference sequence (National Center for Biotechnology Information Reference Sequence:NC_000009.12) helped to screen gene mutations.Results The 50 CH patients included 22 boys and 28 girls,and the sex ratio was 1.0 ∶ 1.3.The mean age was (2.5 ± 0.5) years.Six cases (12％) had thyroid gland hypoplasia,23 cases (46％) had thyroid gland agenesis and 21 cases(42％) with ectopic thyroid gland.C2507A missense mutation was found in exon 10 of GLIS3 in a thyroid gland agenesis case,which might result in proline to glutamine substitution at codon 836.One mutant (rs780019691,c.C289T) was detected which was nonsense mutation (Arg→Stop) in another thyroid gland agenesis child.Conclusions The mutation rate of GLIS3 gene is very low in CH children of Shandong province.Further studies are needed to investigate the relationship between GLIS3 genotypes and clinical phenotypes.

Hair loss affects millions of people at some time in their life, and safe and efficient treatments for hair loss are a significant unmet medical need. We report that topical delivery of quercetin (Que) stimulates resting hair follicles to grow with rapid follicular keratinocyte proliferation and replenishes perifollicular microvasculature in mice. We construct dynamic single-cell transcriptome landscape over the course of hair regrowth and find that Que treatment stimulates the differentiation trajectory in the hair follicles and induces an angiogenic signature in dermal endothelial cells by activating HIF-1α in endothelial cells. Skin administration of a HIF-1α agonist partially recapitulates the pro-angiogenesis and hair-growing effects of Que. Together, these findings provide a molecular understanding for the efficacy of Que in hair regrowth, which underscores the translational potential of targeting the hair follicle niche as a strategy for regenerative medicine, and suggest a route of pharmacological intervention that may promote hair regrowth.
Mice ; Animals ; Quercetin/pharmacology* ; Endothelial Cells ; Hair ; Hair Follicle ; Alopecia