Objective To evaluate in vitro antifungal activity of tacrolimus combined with itraconazole or terbinafine against Exophiala dermatitidis (E.dermatitidis).Methods The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of itraconazole and terbinafine against 12 strains of E.dermatitidis were determined using the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) broth microdilution susceptibility method (M38-A2 Document).A broth microdilution checkerboard method was used to evaluate the in vitro antifungal activity of tacrolimus combined with itraconazole or terbinafine against E.dermatitidis.Results The MIC ranges of terbinafine and itraconazole against E.dermatitidis were 0.060-0.125 mg/L and 0.5-1 mg/L,respectively.The combination of tacrolimus with terbinafine showed synergistic inhibitory effects against 5 strains of E.dermatitidis,while the combination of tacrolimus with itraconazole revealed synergistic effects against 10 strains of E.dermatitidis.No antagonism was observed in either of the two combinations.Conclusion In vitro combination of tacrolimus with itraconazole or terbinafine can enhance the antifungal activity of itraconazole or terbinafine against E.dermatitidis.

Objective To investigate the effects of systemic mild hypothermia on heart. Methods Fifty-eight Wistar rats were divided randomly into three groups: control group (n=10), normal thermic group (n=24) and mild hypothermic group (n=24). After the model of middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) was made, electrocardiograph (ECG) was used to monitor the cardiac function of the animals. The changes of myocardial high-energy phosphates (ATP,ADP,AMP) and energy charge (EC) were evaluated after 12 hours of ischemia, and the myocardial ultrastructure observed. Results Compared with the control group, the ATP, ADP and EC in the normal thermic group and mild hypothermic group were lower after 12 hours of ischemia (P

Objective:To construct a RNAi lentiviral vector targeting rat CD80 gene and detect its effect of gene silencing in NRK and IEC6 cells.Methods:The effective sequence of siRNA targeting rat CD80 gene was confirmed in our previous work.Oligo-DNA fragment containing short hairpin frame was synthesized and reannealed,and then cloned into pGCSIL-GFP lentiviral expression vector.PCR and sequencing analysis were made for verifying the positive clones.The virus packaging plasmids were transfected into 293T cells to harvest shRNA lentivirus.After infection in NRK and IEC6 cells,Real-time PCR was performed to determine the expressing level of CD80.Results:PCR and sequencing revealed that shRNA plasmids was correctly constructed.Virus with a titer of 4×10~8 TU/ml was successfully packaged.CD80 expression in NRK and IEC6 cells could be knockdown by virus infection as characterized by 66.9% and 63.5% decrease of CD80 mRNA in NRK and IEC6 cells respectively,compared with negative control lentivirus.Conclusion:The recombinant lentiviral shRNA expressing vector targeting rat CD80 gene has been successfully constructed and packaged.CD80 mRNA could be down-regulated availably in NRK and IEC6 cells.

The peptides,proteins and other biological molecules in transudative pleural effusion correlate directly or indirectly with specific physiological and pathological state,reflecting the information regarding the lungs or other parts of the body.In the present study,the peptide fraction in transudative pleural effusion was isolated by uhrafiltration.After desalted and enriched by C18 tips,the peptide mixture was analyzed by nano LC-MS/MS.The results showed that 314 peptides,which were originated from 52 proteins,in pleural transudate were identified.More than half of the peptides were derived from fibrinogen.Many peptides were characterized as displaying ladder sequences.In addition,a large number of proline oxidation modifications were detected in the peptides derived from collagen and fibrinogen.Gene ontology enrichment analysis showed that the most of the proteins extracellular properties of pleural transudate polypeptide components were protein with exocytosis.The study provided a rapid and efficient separation and analysis methods for lung disease markers related peptide compounds in pleural fluid leakage.Also this research provided a rapid and effective method for screening peptide biomarkers related to lung diseases from transudative pleural effusion.

Objective To construct an RNAi lentiviral vector targeting rat CD86 gene and detect its effect of gene silencing in dendritic cells. Methods The effective sequence of siRNA targeting rat CD86 gene was confirmed in our previous work. DNA oligo containing short hairpin frame was synthesized and re-annealed, and then cloned into pGCL-GFP lentivind expression vector. PCR and sequencing analysis were made for verifying the positive clones. The virus packaging plasmids were transfected into 293T cells to har-vest shRNA lentivirus. After infection in dendritic cells, real-time PCR and Western blot were performed to determine the expression level of CD86 at mRNA and protein of NC( negative control virus). Results PCR and sequencing analysis revealed that shRNA plasmid was correctly constructed. Virus with a titer of 2×108 TU/ml was successfully packaged. CD86 expression in dendritic cells can be knockdown at both mRNA and protein level by virus infection as characterized by 90.6% decrease of mRNA and significant inhibition of protein compared with NC. Conclusion The recombinant lentiviral shRNA expressing vector targeting rat CD86 gene has been successfully constructed and packaged. CD86 mRNA and protein can be effectively down-regulated in dendritic cells.

Objective To assess the efficacy and safety of dl-3-butylphthalide on the treatment of acute ischemic stroke. Methods A total of 197 patients who were in the period of 72 hours of first attack of ischemic stroke of internal carotid artery with NIHSS from 5 to 25 scores were enrolled in this multi-center, randomized, double-blind and aspirin-control study. Compound " Dan Shen" was used as a baseline therapy. Results Basical recovery plus significant improvement was seen in 74.7% of the patients in dl-3-butylphthalide group and 60.9% in aspirin group (CMH value 4.0,P=0.047);There was a significant improvement for dl-3-butylphthalide group regarding NIHSS total score, total score difference value and Barthel index on the day 11th and 21st after treatment compared with control group. The main adverse reaction of dl-3-butylphthalide was increased aminotransferase and mainly the slight increase of aspartate aminotransferase, by 4.34% and 0 respectively. Conclusion dl-3-butyiphthalide should be regarded as an effective and safe treatment for ischemic stroke and a treatment without severe side effects.

Taking the Department of Pathology of Duke University as an example, this paper compares and analyzes the training mode of pathology residents in China and the United States. It is found that the organization and management system and supervision and assessment system of residency training in China have been improved, but it is still necessary to strengthen the in-depth implementation of humanistic education and training subjects for residents. Pathologist training should be based on "elite education" as the guiding ideology, to cultivate high-quality, high-level outstanding clinical pathology personnel as the specific goal, to build a solid foundation of clinical medicine.

Objective:To construct a training program of blood purification specialist nurses oriented by post competence, and to explore its application effects.Methods:230 blood purification specialist nurses from 4 ClassⅢ Grade A hospitals in Harbin were selected as research objects from July to December 2018. The lottery method was used to randomly select nurses from two hospitals in control group ( n=110) , and nurses from the other two hospitals in experimental group ( n=120) . Control group was treated with traditional training, and experimental group was given a training program oriented by post competence. The training effect was evaluated with the score of theoretical knowledge, operational skills and Post Competency Assessment Scale for Blood Purification Specialist Nurses. Results:After training, scores of theoretical knowledge and operational skills of experimental group were higher than those of control group with statistical differences ( t=7.81, 5.05; P<0.01) . After training, the total score of the Post Competency Assessment Scale for Blood Purification Specialist Nurses of experimental group was higher than that of control group also with a statistical difference ( t=10.03, P<0.01) . Conclusions:The training program of blood purification specialist nurses oriented by post competence helps to improve nurses' theoretical knowledge, operational skills and job competence.

In maintaining normal function and activation processes, glycolysis, lipid metabolism, and amino acid metabolism play key roles in the energy demand of platelets. In the resting state, platelets primarily rely on glycolysis and aerobic oxidation to generate energy. Upon activation, platelets preferentially utilize glycolysis, as it can more rapidly provide the required ATP. In addition to glycolysis, platelets can also utilize glycogen and fatty acids as additional energy sources. The ATP provided by fatty acid oxidation is crucial for platelet activation. Additionally, during platelet storage, distinctive changes in energy metabolism occur. In the early stages of storage, platelets primarily rely on glycolysis and the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) to generate energy. In the mid-storage phase, there is an increase in tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA) metabolism. In the later stages of storage, cellular metabolism gradually declines. The regulation and flexibility of these metabolic pathways play a critical role in the survival and function of platelets in different states.

Objective:To investigate the awareness rate of " 1+ 1+ 1" contracted residents in the outer suburbs of Shanghai on the extended prescription policy of the family doctor contract service, and to analyze the influencing factors.Methods:From March to May, 2021, the cluster random sampling method was used to select one community health service center in Fengxian district, Shanghai, and a smart voice telephone assistant survey was conducted among the contracted residents aged 18 and above in the area, to understand their awareness of the extended prescription policy. χ2 Test was used for single factor analysis on the influence of different factors on the policy awareness of the contracted residents, while a multivariate analysis was performed by binary logistic regression, presenting P<0.05 as statistically significant. Results:A total of 13 495 " 1+ 1+ 1" contracted residents were surveyed via phone calls. Their awareness rate of extended prescription policy was 67.5% (9 115/13 495), while those with higher awareness rates were patients with ≥2 chronic diseases (92.3%), patients with 1 chronic disease (88.5%) and those aged 81 and above (88.4%). Logistic regression analysis showed that age, marital status, the number of chronic diseases and signing duration were all independent factors influencing the awareness of extended prescription policy (all P<0.05), while whether the residents were key population groups presented no significant influence on the awareness of extended prescription policy ( P=0.431). Conclusions:The awareness rate of " 1+ 1+ 1" contracted residents in the outer suburbs of Shanghai to the extended prescription policy needs to be further improved and publicity should also be strengthened to extend the policy benefit coverage.